Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and techniques relating to wireless local area network devices are described. A described technique includes transmitting a sounding packet to a wireless communication device(s) to determine characteristics of spatial wireless channels, the sounding packet being based on a spatial mapping matrix; receiving a feedback packet(s) from the device(s), the feedback packet(s) being indicative of one or more feedback matrices, the one or more feedback matrices being derived from wireless channel estimations that are based on received versions of the sounding packet; generating spatially steered data packets based on multiple data streams and one or more steering matrices, which are based on the spatial mapping matrix and the one or more feedback matrices; and transmitting a frame that includes the spatially steered data packets to the device(s).

Abstract: Discussed herein is a shift register which is capable of stabilizing an output thereof. The shift register includes a plurality of stages for sequentially outputting scan pulses in such a manner that high durations of the scan pulses partially overlap with each other. Each of the stages includes a node controller for controlling a charging duration of a set node, and an output unit for outputting a corresponding one of the scan pulses through an output terminal for the charging duration of the set node.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery including the electrolyte.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a thin-film transistor (TFT) substrate includes forming a gate electrode on a substrate; forming an insulating film on the gate electrode; forming an amorphous semiconductor pattern on the insulating film; and forming a source electrode separated from a drain electrode on the amorphous semiconductor pattern; forming a light-concentrating layer, which includes a protrusion, on the amorphous semiconductor pattern, the source electrode, and the drain electrode; and crystallizing at least part of the amorphous semiconductor pattern by irradiating light to the protrusion of the light-concentrating layer.

Abstract: A credit card includes a transparent flexible display panel for displaying an image, a frame supporting at least one end of the transparent flexible display panel, a driver coupled to the frame and configured to bend the transparent flexible display panel, and a controller coupled to the driver for driving the driver upon an occurrence of a condition, wherein the credit card is configured to enable a payment function.

Abstract: A method for a channel sounding in a wireless local area network is provided. The method includes transmitting a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame, to a plurality of receivers, the NDPA frame requesting a channel statement information feedback and announcing that a null data packet (NDP) frame is to be transmitted; transmitting the NDP frame being a basis of channel estimation for the plurality of receivers; receiving a first feedback frame from a first receiver among the plurality of receivers, transmitting a feedback poll frame to a second receiver; and, receiving a second feedback frame from the second receiver, the second feedback frame including second channel state information estimated by the second receiver. If the first receiver fails to perform the channel estimation, the first feedback frame is a null feedback frame. The null feedback frame is a feedback frame not including channel state information.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a laser reflective mask by forming a sacrificial layer on top of a base substrate; recessing the sacrificial layer and the base substrate through an etching process of a region prearranged as a reflection region for a laser beam in the base substrate to form a sacrificial layer pattern and a reflective layer filling groove having a predetermined depth; alternately and repeatedly laminating first and second reflective layers having different reflectances on top of the base substrate on which the sacrificial layer pattern and the reflective layer filling groove are formed until the reflective layer filling groove is completely filled; removing the sacrificial layer pattern and the first and second reflective layers laminated on top of the sacrificial layer pattern through a laser lift-off process of irradiating the base substrate with the laser beam from a bottom surface of the base substrate to form a reflective layer pattern configured to be filled in the reflective layer filling groov

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a backlight part including a backlight unit and a panel part including a display panel. The panel part is operated in a first state in which the display panel is substantially aligned with the backlight part or in a second state in which the display panel is not substantially aligned with the backlight part. The display panel receives the light from the backlight unit in the first state and receives an external light in the second state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new and improved oligonucleotide detection method based on the nanopore technology with a probe containing a complementary sequence to the target oligonucleotide and a terminal extension at the probe's 3? terminus, 5? terminus, or both termini. The improved nanopore sensor with the probe enables sensitive, selective, and direct detection, differentiation and quantification of target oligonucleotides such as miRNAs. The inventive detection method may also be employed as a non-invasive and cost-effective diagnostic method for cancer detection based on miRNA levels in the patient's blood sample.

Abstract: A coated article includes a metallic substrate, a fiber layer directly formed on the metallic substrate, and an enamel layer directly formed on the fiber layer. The enamel layer mainly contains silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide, and fiber reinforced composite. A method for making the coated article is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an entropy encoding method comprising the following steps: updating probability information using the update information derived based on a bit stream received from an encoder; deriving a bin corresponding to the current codeword based on the updated probability information; and performing the inverse binarization of the derived bin to acquire a syntax element. According to the present invention, video-encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: A power supply test system for testing the reliability of a power supply includes a controlling input module, a signal collecting module, a signal input module, an alarm module, and a display module. The controlling input module inputs a time signal and a test signal in the signal collecting module. The signal collecting module turns on the power supply according to the test signal. When the power supply is turned on, the power supply outputs a power on signal, the signal collecting module records the time the test starts. When the power supply breaks off, the power supply outputs a power off signal, the signal collecting module records the time the power supply breaks off and outputs an alarm signal. The alarm module receives alarm signal and alarms to indicate the test is over. The display module displays the time the test starts and the power supply breaks off.

Abstract: Provided are a method of forming a contact and a method of manufacturing a phase change memory device using the same. The method of forming a contact includes forming on a substrate an insulating layer pattern having first sidewalls extending in a first direction and second sidewalls extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and which together delimit contact holes, forming semiconductor patterns in lower parts of the contact holes, forming isolation spacers on the semiconductor pattern and side surfaces of the first sidewalls to expose portions of the semiconductor patterns, and etching the exposed portions of the semiconductor patterns using the isolation spacers as a mask to divide the semiconductor patterns into a plurality of finer semiconductor patterns.

Abstract: Command decoders are provided. The command decoder includes an input buffer configured for buffering and receiving command address signals having address information and command information at first, second, third, and fourth edges of a clock pulse signal according to a reference voltage, a latch circuit configured for latching the command address signals output from the input buffer at the first and third edges of the clock pulse signal to generate and output latched signals, a first command generator configured for decoding the latched signals output from the latch circuit at the first edge of the clock pulse signal to generate and output a first internal command, and a second command generator configured for decoding the latched signals output from the latch circuit at the third edge of the clock pulse signal to generate and output a second internal command.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a steamer head for a garment steamer comprising a main body (2) with a front end (8), a steam outlet (11) and an air inlet (25) formed in the front end (8). A suction force is applied to draw air through the air inlet (25) so that a fabric of a garment disposed proximate the front end (8) is drawn against the front end (8) by the suction force. Further, steam is applied to the fabric of a garment through the steam outlet (11). The front end (8) of the main body (2) comprises first and second surfaces (10, 2). The steam outlet (11) is formed in the first surface (10) and the air inlet (25) is formed in the second surface (12), so that the fabric is drawn against the second surface (12) and steam is applied to the fabric at the first surface (10). The first and second surfaces (10, 12) together forma convex surface. The present invention also relates to a garment steamer comprising a 10 steamer head and a method of removing creases from a garment using a garment steamer.

Abstract: The present invention applies the voltage that is swung to the notch electrode of each pixel of the electrowetting display device to reset the oil layer to not backflow such that an additional element is not disposed in the pixel, thereby increasing the aperture ratio of the pixel. Also, the reset signal generator generating and applying the reset signal is disposed inside the electrowetting display device such that additional wiring may not be disposed in the outer part of the panel.

Abstract: Circuits for shielding devices from electromagnetic coupling with through-silicon vias are shown that include a substrate having a through via, which provides access to a device layer on a first surface of the circuit to a device layer on a second surface of the circuit; a conductive layer on the first side of the substrate; a contact point on one of the device layers; and a grounded buried interface tie on the conductive layer, adjacent to the contact point, to isolate the contact point from coupling noise.

Abstract: A robotic device for use in image-guided robot assisted surgical training, the robotic device comprising a manual interface structure configured to simulate handling of a surgical tool; a translational mechanism for translational motion of the manual interface structure; a rotational mechanism for rotational motion of the manual interface structure; and a spherical mechanism configured to decouple the orientation of the manual interface structure into spatial coordinates, wherein a linkage between the rotational mechanism, the rotational mechanism and the spherical mechanism, and the manual interface structure are disposed on opposing sides of an intersection of a pitch axis and a yaw axis of the spherical mechanism.

Abstract: A turbine blade of a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The blade may comprise a first cooling passage and a second cooling passage, where the second cooling passage may be located adjacent a leading edge of the blade. The blade may further comprise at least one slot formed in a partition disposed between the first and second cooling passages, and at least one turbulator disposed within the second passage and downstream the at least one slot.

Abstract: The invention relates to light-emitting devices, and related components, systems and methods. In one aspect, the present invention is related to light emitting diode (LED) light extraction efficiency. A non-limiting example, the application teaches a method for improving light emitting diode (LED) extraction efficiency, by providing a nano-rod light emitting diode; providing quantum wells; and reducing the size of said nano-rod LED laterally in the quantum-well plane (x and y), thereby improving LED extraction efficiency.