Abstract: A pixel circuit of a display apparatus includes a driving transistor including a gate electrode coupled with a gate node, a drain electrode coupled with a high level pixel power source, and a source electrode coupled with a source node; a light emitting device coupled with the source node and coupled with a low level pixel power source; a first transistor turned on based on a first scan signal; a second transistor turned on based on a second scan signal; a first capacitor coupled between the gate node and the source node; a second capacitor coupled with the source node at one electrode thereof; a third transistor turned on based on a third scan signal to couple the gate node with the other electrode of the second capacitor; and a fourth transistor turned on based on a fourth scan signal to apply a data voltage to the gate node.

Abstract: A transparent touch display apparatus including a device substrate, a touch electrode and a routing line. The device substrate may include an emission area and a transmission area. The touch electrode may be disposed on the transmission area of the device substrate. The routing line may be disposed outside the emission area and the transmission area of the device substrate. A transmittance of the touch electrode may be higher than a transmittance of the routing line. Thus, in the transparent touch display apparatus, the reliability of the touch detection may be improved.

Abstract: A transparent touch display apparatus including a device substrate, a touch electrode and a routing line. The device substrate may include an emission area and a transmission area. The touch electrode may be disposed on the transmission area of the device substrate. The routing line may be disposed outside the emission area and the transmission area of the device substrate. A transmittance of the touch electrode may be higher than a transmittance of the routing line. Thus, in the transparent touch display apparatus, the reliability of the touch detection may be improved.

Abstract: A gate driver according to an embodiment and a display device including the same are disclosed. The gate driver according to the embodiment includes an output clock line through which an output clock signal is applied, a dummy clock line disposed side by side with the output clock line and through which a dummy clock signal is applied, a pull-up transistor including a first electrode connected to the output clock line, a gate electrode connected to a first control node, and a second electrode connected to an output node from which a gate signal is output, and a pull-down transistor including a first electrode connected to the output node, a gate electrode connected to a second control node, and a second electrode connected to a power line through which a low-potential power voltage is applied.

Abstract: A pixel circuit of a display apparatus includes a driving transistor including a gate electrode coupled with a gate node, a drain electrode coupled with a high level pixel power source, and a source electrode coupled with a source node; a light emitting device coupled with the source node and coupled with a low level pixel power source; a first transistor turned on based on a first scan signal; a second transistor turned on based on a second scan signal; a first capacitor coupled between the gate node and the source node; a second capacitor coupled with the source node at one electrode thereof; a third transistor turned on based on a third scan signal to couple the gate node with the other electrode of the second capacitor; and a fourth transistor turned on based on a fourth scan signal to apply a data voltage to the gate node.

Abstract: A gate driver according to an embodiment and a display device including the same are disclosed. The gate driver according to the embodiment includes an output clock line through which an output clock signal is applied, a dummy clock line disposed side by side with the output clock line and through which a dummy clock signal is applied, a pull-up transistor including a first electrode connected to the output clock line, a gate electrode connected to a first control node, and a second electrode connected to an output node from which a gate signal is output, and a pull-down transistor including a first electrode connected to the output node, a gate electrode connected to a second control node, and a second electrode connected to a power line through which a low-potential power voltage is applied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: A transparent touch display apparatus including a device substrate, a touch electrode and a routing line. The device substrate may include an emission area and a transmission area. The touch electrode may be disposed on the transmission area of the device substrate. The routing line may be disposed outside the emission area and the transmission area of the device substrate. A transmittance of the touch electrode may be higher than a transmittance of the routing line. Thus, in the transparent touch display apparatus, the reliability of the touch detection may be improved.

Abstract: A transparent touch display apparatus including a device substrate, a touch electrode and a routing line. The device substrate may include an emission area and a transmission area. The touch electrode may be disposed on the transmission area of the device substrate. The routing line may be disposed outside the emission area and the transmission area of the device substrate. A transmittance of the touch electrode may be higher than a transmittance of the routing line. Thus, in the transparent touch display apparatus, the reliability of the touch detection may be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: A transparent touch display apparatus including a device substrate, a touch electrode and a routing line. The device substrate may include an emission area and a transmission area. The touch electrode may be disposed on the transmission area of the device substrate. The routing line may be disposed outside the emission area and the transmission area of the device substrate. A transmittance of the touch electrode may be higher than a transmittance of the routing line. Thus, in the transparent touch display apparatus, the reliability of the touch detection may be improved.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining whether or not infection with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus exists. The method includes a first sap extraction step of immersing a first fragment sample taken from a first tree in a solvent to extract a first sap contained in the first fragment sample of the first tree, a first concentration analysis step of analyzing a first concentration of an organic compound contained in the first sap, and a first comparison step of comparing the first concentration with a reference concentration of the organic compound contained in the sap of a tree that has not been infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, so as to determine whether or not a coniferous tree is infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a system for forecasting a tree disease using moisture information. The method is carried out by a server. The method includes receiving, by the server, moisture information measured from a tree, wherein the moisture information includes a plurality of moisture information measured from the tree over time, and performing, by the server, time-series analysis of the plurality of moisture information, wherein the server performs time-series analysis of moisture information of the tree as measured over a predetermined period of time, and determines that the larger a number of inflection points of a curve corresponding to the moisture information, the higher a probability at which the tree has been infected with the tree disease.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch sensitive display apparatus which decreases a load of each of a plurality of touch electrodes and reduces a load deviation between the plurality of touch electrodes, thereby enhancing image quality. The touch sensitive display apparatus comprises a touch sensitive panel. The touch panel comprises a plurality of touch electrodes comprising at least a first touch electrode. The first touch electrode comprises a plurality of first touch electrode lines that are parallel to each other. A first touch signal line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines of the first touch electrode, and the first touch electrode is driven for image display and touch sensing via the first touch signal line. A first connecting line is in a different layer than the first touch electrode lines, and the first connecting line is connected to the plurality of first touch electrode lines.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining whether or not infection with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus exists. The method includes a first sap extraction step of immersing a first fragment sample taken from a first tree in a solvent to extract a first sap contained in the first fragment sample of the first tree, a first concentration analysis step of analyzing a first concentration of an organic compound contained in the first sap, and a first comparison step of comparing the first concentration with a reference concentration of the organic compound contained in the sap of a tree that has not been infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, so as to determine whether or not a coniferous tree is infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

Abstract: Disclosed are a driving circuit, a touch display device, and a method of driving the same. The touch display device for sensing a user's touch force may sense a capacitance change due to a change in a contact area on a display panel after a section in which a sensing value of a touch force based on a change in capacitance between first electrodes and a second electrode becomes a saturated state, thereby sensing the user's touch force even in a section where the change in the capacitance between the first electrodes and the second electrode is small. Accordingly, it is possible to expand a range in which a user's touch force can be sensed and acquire data on a user's touch force linearly indicated in the expanded range, so that touch force leveling becomes easy and various inputs based on the touch force can be processed.