Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surgical operation by wire (SOBW) type surgical operation apparatus including an end effector configured so as to remove or minimize configurations of a mechanical cable. The SOBW type surgical operation apparatus includes: a body part; an extension part having one end connected to the body part; and an end effector formed at the other end of the extension part, and receiving electrical energy transferred through the body part and the extension part and converting the electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surgical robot control apparatus, in which a control stick member is connected to an upper surface of a base member, pivots and rotates around a connection portion, and is provided with a rotary button control member, a mode switching button member, and a control member which can be operated with the thumb Thus, the surgical robot control apparatus can realize multiple functions. A surgeon can grasp the control stick member to easily control operation of a surgical robot and can perform other work using the other hand. Thereby, when performing surgery, the surgical robot control apparatus remarkably reduces the fatigue of the surgeon, thereby providing a surgical environment that is convenient and safe and provides maximized efficiency. Further, the surgical robot control apparatus can increase the safety of a patient using a safety device based on a buttons and software while performing surgery.

Abstract: A speaker applicable to various electronic devices includes a speaker body including a magnet and a diaphragm having a voice coil interacting with the magnet, the magnet and the diaphragm being sequentially received therein; at least one main hole defined through a rear surface of the speaker where a speaker sound is not output, such that air generated in the speaker according to vibration of the diaphragm is discharged therethrough; and at least one auxiliary air hole defined through a predetermined location of a side surface of the body to communicate with an inside of the body, such that air within the speaker is additionally discharged therethrough.

Abstract: There is provided a method for generating an adaptive usage environment descriptor that considers a usage environment of a digital item. In a description of multimedia contents based on usage environment descriptor and user preference descriptor of the multimedia contents, a “PrecedencePreference” is defined in respective usage environment descriptor of the digital item, or an “AlternativePreference” is defined in descriptors of the digital item, or the “AlternativePreference” and the “PrecedencePreference” are simultaneously defined in a description of an adaptation condition to adaptively modify and describe the digital item.

Abstract: In the present invention, traffic information broadcast by a traffic information center is received, indexes are created, and the index and travel speed information on a mobile object are stored. A matching table is created to match first map data for use in broadcasting the traffic information and second map data used by a navigation system to each other. The traffic information is simply matched to the second map data used by the navigation system, using the created matching table. When the travel speed of the mobile object on each link is intended to be displayed with a predetermined color after the matching of the traffic information to the second map data, the storage capacity of a traffic information storage unit is reduced, which stores traffic information displayed together with arrows for indicating the travel direction.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for adjusting a white balance. The apparatus includes an image processor processing an image obtained from a subject; a controller controlling the image processor and setting a white balance value according to an input signal of a user; and a lens cover protecting a portion of the image processor and used as a compensating filter when the custom white balance is adjusted.

Abstract: A speaker applicable to various electronic devices includes a speaker body including a magnet and a diaphragm having a voice coil interacting with the magnet, the magnet and the diaphragm being sequentially received therein; at least one main hole defined through a rear surface of the speaker where a speaker sound is not output, such that air generated in the speaker according to vibration of the diaphragm is discharged therethrough; and at least one auxiliary air hole defined through a predetermined location of a side surface of the body to communicate with an inside of the body, such that air within the speaker is additionally discharged therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for estimating location of a moving object in a navigation system, which is capable of accurately estimating location of the object in a shadow area of GPS location data so that navigation service is provided. A method for estimating location of a moving object in a navigation system includes the steps of: (a) receiving GPS location data from a moving object; (b) determining GPS shadow area by using the received GPS location data; (c) calculating moving straight distance of the moving object with reference to a last GPS location data in visible regions when the moving object is in a GPS shadow area; (d) calculating virtual location data by using the calculated moving straight distance of the moving object; and (e) calculating estimated location on a digital numeric map positioned nearest from the virtual location data, and performing a map-matching to provide a navigation service.

Abstract: A saw blade for cutting hard workpieces, such as concrete or stone, characterized by improvement of the shape of a shank of the saw blade providing a plurality of cutting tips of the saw blade with a rotational force while the cutting tips are securely attached to the shank. The saw blade comprises a disc-shaped shank having an insertion hole formed at the center thereof, through which a rotating shaft of an electric-powered tool is inserted, and wave-shaped portions formed over a prescribed portion of the radius of the disc-shaped shank, and a plurality of cutting tips attached to the outer circumference of the shank for cutting a workpiece. The wave-shaped portions are spaced a prescribed distance from each other and alternately arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the disc-shaped shank. The prescribed portion of the radius of the disc-shaped shank is at a distance from the center of the insertion hole. The cutting tips contain particles of high hardness.

Abstract: A saw blade for cutting hard workpieces, such as concrete or stone, characterized by improvement of the shape of a shank of the saw blade providing a plurality of cutting tips of the saw blade with a rotational force while the cutting tips are securely attached to the shank. The saw blade comprises a disc-shaped shank having an insertion hole formed at the center thereof, through which a rotating shaft of an electric powered tool is inserted, and wave-shaped portions formed over a prescribed portion of the radius of the disc-shaped shank, and a plurality of cutting tips attached to the outer circumference of the shank for cutting a workpiece. The wave-shaped portions are spaced a prescribed distance from each other and alternately arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the disc-shaped shank. The prescribed portion of the radius of the disc-shaped shank is at a distance from the center of the insertion hole. The cutting tips contain particles of high hardness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for estimating location of a moving object in a navigation system, which is capable of accurately estimating location of the object in a shadow area of GPS location data so that navigation service is provided. A method for estimating location of a moving object in a navigation system includes the steps of: (a) receiving GPS location data from a moving object; (b) determining GPS shadow area by using the received GPS location data; (c) calculating moving straight distance of the moving object with reference to a last GPS location data in visible regions when the moving object is in a GPS shadow area; (d) calculating virtual location data by using the calculated moving straight distance of the moving object; and (e) calculating estimated location on a digital numeric map positioned nearest from the virtual location data, and performing a map-matching to provide a navigation service.

Abstract: There is provided a method for generating an adaptive usage environment descriptor that considers a usage environment of a digital item. In a description of multimedia contents based on usage environment descriptor and user preference descriptor of the multimedia contents, a “PrecedencePreference” is defined in respective usage environment descriptor of the digital item, or an “AlternativePreference” is defined in descriptors of the digital item, or the “AlternativePreference” and the “PrecedencePreference” are simultaneously defined in a description of an adaptation condition to adaptively modify and describe the digital item.