Abstract: The present invention relates to a radial disk type ion mobility spectrometer, comprising: an ionizing chamber which is made of a cylindrical tube, and includes an inlet for supplying sample gas therethrough, an ionizing means for ionizing the supplied sample gas to generate ions having a predetermined polarity, and a slit formed by cutting away a part of a cylindrical wall corresponding to a predetermined width for discharging the ions therethrough; a shutter grid installed adjacent to the slit of the ionizing chamber for controlling passage of the ions through the slit; a drift chamber which is a hollow tube having a predetermined thickness and including an outer cylindrical wall having a predetermined diameter and an inner cylindrical wall having an inner diameter equal to an outer diameter to the ionizing chamber so that an annular space is formed between the inner and outer cylindrical walls, of which a part of the inner cylindrical wall corresponding to a width larger than that of the slit is cut away s

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a waveguide using an ion exchange process. The present invention controls the refractive index and the thickness of a surface layer on a glass substrate using an ion exchange process, forms the waveguide pattern on the surface layer by means of photolithography and etching process and coats with materials having the refractive index same to or lower than that of the glass substrate to form a cladding layer. Accordingly, the present invention can manufacture a planar waveguide, which is excellent in dimension control and reproducibility and has a sharp step wall.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a data call traffic frame in a mobile communication system assigns a sequence number to the traffic frame transmitted and received between the SDU and the PCF. This allows for a lost traffic frame to be easily detected. Because lost traffic frames can be detected and re-transmitted between the SDU and PCF, the lost traffic frame can be restored without using a radio section. Thus, transmission reliability between the SDU and PCF can be improved and a waste of radio resources can be prevented.

Abstract: Disclosed are a marketing lottery card and an online marketing method using the card. The lottery card includes a matrix of rows and columns, and characters or gift symbols printed on the matrix. The on-line marketing method using the lottery card includes the steps of connecting a customer to a free gift-offering site, identifying whether the customer is a member of the site, displaying a pop-up window with a bingo confirmation table and an identification number input area, inputting an identification number of the card on the identification number input area, verifying the winning or losing status of the card by overlapping the card on the bingo confirmation table, displaying a result of the winning or losing status and requesting the customer to confirm the result, and displaying the contents of the free gift on the window and simultaneously transmitting the contents to the customer in real-time through an e-mail.

Abstract: A method is used for setting a R-P link for data transmission/reception in a mobile communication system and for setting a R-P link between packet control function (PCF) and packet data serving node (PDSN) in a mobile communication system that connects a radio network with a packet network. The method first transmits a response request message from the PCF to identify the status of two or more PDSNs in the system, then measures the RTDs of those PDSNs responded to the response request message. The method subsequently prepares a list of PDSNs that satisfy a reference value among the measured RTDs and determines whether the subscriber's PDSN exists in the list of PDSNs. Finally, the method performs a R-P link setup using the prepared list of PDSN in accordance with a determined result.

Abstract: A dual wavelength optical fiber laser includes a first and a second optical fibers which generating stimulated scattering by a pump light source; two short period optical fiber gratings that is resonating each of a first and a second wavelength light which are generated by the optical fibers and regulating reflecting characteristics according to the first and the second wavelengths; a WDM optical fiber coupler which inputs a pump wavelength to the optical fibers and outputs a laser operation wavelength; and an interference removing unit which is connected between the optical fibers and removes an interference in the first and the second wavelength of resonating.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mode-locked optical fiber laser stabilizing apparatus for stabilizing the length of the optical fiber laser resonator by feedbacking the optical signals to the laser resonator, in the direction where the signal reflected by the optical fiber loop mirror is detected as an error signal to minimize the signal, and method thereof.

Abstract: A planar waveguide-type optical amplifier switch is disclosed. The switch is developed with the purpose of solving the problems that the conventional waveguide-type optical switch, which has been being used in the optical communication technique, has an optical loss and thereby requires an external optical amplifier which makes the whole devices not suitable for forming an integrated compact device. The disclosed switch performs switching function from the refractive index change in the optical waveguides induced by electrical or optical controls as well as amplifying function of the optical signal, when it passes through the waveguides, from use of optical waveguides formed of a fluorescence emitting material with an optical pumping and a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical waveguide-type coupler.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a toilet mounted bidet. The toilet mounted bidet includes a mounting plate attached to a toilet bowl. The toilet mounted bidet further includes an ejection nozzle that is comprised of a nozzle body and a nozzle cap joined together. The nozzle body is provided through the center portion thereof with a center ejection hole and along the outer surface thereof with a plurality of circumferential ejection grooves to allow washing water ejected through the center ejection hole to be integrated with the circumferential ejection holes. An arm is hingedly attached to the mounting plate and provided at its one end with the ejection nozzle. A water supply pipe supplies washing water to the ejection nozzle. Water pressure adjusting means optionally adjusts the pressure of washing water by adjusting the opening ratio of the water supply pipe.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) as a pumping source, thereby enhancing an amplification capability of a two-stage L-band EDFA. The two-stage L-band EDFA of the present invention includes a first amplifier and a second amplifier. The first amplifier is designed as a reflective amplifier, thereby re-amplifying a forward ASE by means of a gain medium. The first amplifier has a pumping LD, a WDM coupler, a first EDF and a Faraday rotating mirror. The second amplifier plays a role in amplifying an optical signal by utilizing the re-amplified forward ASE and the backward ASE as the pumping light. Here, the forward ASE and the backward ASE are transmitted to the second amplifier through an optical circulator. The second amplifier has a second EDF and an optical isolator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a waveguide using an ion exchange process. The present invention controls the refractive index and the thickness of a surface layer on a glass substrate using an ion exchange process, forms the waveguide pattern on the surface layer by means of photolithography and etching process and coats with materials having the refractive index same to or lower than that of the glass substrate to form a cladding layer. Accordingly, the present invention can manufacture a planar waveguide, which is excellent in dimension control and reproducibility and has a sharp step wall.

Abstract: Disclosed is geotextiles for use on the upper and the lower side of geomembranes used for shielding leakage of the leachates in sanitary landfills. The geotextiles are formed by laminating plural fiber webs composed of fibers with a fineness of 20 to 1000 deniers. Here, non-woven fabrics 1 with a weight of 300 to 2000 g/m2 are disposed on and bonded to both sides or any one side of the non-woven fabrics or woven fabrics 2 and 2′ with a weight of 100 to 1500 g/m2 consisting of fibers with a fineness of 3 to 15 deniers by a needle punching process or heat treatment and resin treatment process in such a way that an outer non-woven fabric or woven fabrics 2 and 2′ are laminated in a single layer or double layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-channel wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer capable of efficiently coupling or separating wavelength multiplexed optical signals. The multi-channel wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises a band splitting means for splitting the band of wavelength multiplexed optical signals (&lgr;1˜&lgr;n) into M bands, a demultiplexing means for separating each band split by the band splitting means into a plurality of single wavelength channels, and a multiplexing means for coupling the single wavelength channels separated by the demultiplexing means. Therefore, the present invention can significantly increase the number of available wavelength channels while minimizing optical loss of wavelength channels.

Abstract: An optical fiber cascaded Raman laser scheme is provided. An optical fiber cascaded Raman laser scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a pump light source, an optical fiber, a wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber combiner, another wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber combiner, a short period optical fiber bragg grating, a long period bragg grating, first means, and second means. The pump light source generates pump light. The optical fiber causes Raman scattering regarding the optical pump light as nonlinear material. The wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber combiner forms intra cavity regarding light of second order stoke frequency shifted wavelength. The light is stoke frequency shifted by Raman scattering of the optical fiber. The another wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber combiner forms intra cavity regarding light of first and third order stoke frequency shifted wavelength.

Abstract: A dual wavelength optical fiber laser includes a first and a second optical fibers which generating stimulated scattering by a pump light source; two short period optical fiber gratings that is resonating each of a first and a second wavelength light which are generated by the optical fibers and regulating reflecting characteristics according to the first and the second wavelengths; a WDM optical fiber coupler which inputs a pump wavelength to the optical fibers and outputs a laser operation wavelength; and an interference removing unit which is connected between the optical fibers and removes an interference in the first and the second wavelength of resonating.

Abstract: An optical fiber mode-locked laser is disclosed. The laser comprises a gain medium doped optical fiber to achieve a population inversion between high and low energy levels by a pump light source and to oscillate optical waves in sequence, a cholesteric liquid crystal circular polarization mirror to transmit the waves from the pump light source and to be operated as a circular polarization reflection mirror for the oscillated optical waves from the gain medium doped optical fiber, a polarization controller to control the polarization state of the proceeding light which is oscillated from the gain medium doped optical fiber, a dispersion shifted fiber to give a non-linear effect to the proceeding light through the polarization controller, and an optical fiber laser output mirror which forms a resonator by putting out some portion of the proceeding light by transmission and reflecting the other portion of the light.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a toilet mounted bidet. The toilet mounted bidet includes a mounting plate attached to a toilet bowl. The toilet mounted bidet further includes an ejection nozzle that is comprised of a nozzle body and a nozzle cap joined together. The nozzle body is provided through the center portion thereof with a center ejection hole and along the outer surface thereof with a plurality of circumferential ejection grooves to allow washing water ejected through the center ejection hole to be integrated with the circumferential ejection holes. An arm is hingedly attached to the mounting plate and provided at its one end with the ejection nozzle. A water supply pipe supplies washing water to the ejection nozzle. Water pressure adjusting means optionally adjusts the pressure of washing water by adjusting the opening ratio of the water supply pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a serial data mapping apparatus and method for mapping DS serial data into VC parallel data which includes an STM-1 address generating unit for generating a mapping address; a VC mapping unit for mapping a DS asynchronous signal into a VC signal as byte unit, according to the mapping address; and an STM-1 formatting unit for pointer processing and multiplexing a virtual container of the mapped VC signal and generating an STM-1 signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical fiber amplifier incorporating therein a wavelength division multiplexer and a plurality of diffraction grating pairs for generating a number of optical signals with a pumping light of one wavelength, each optical signal having a different wavelength. The optical device includes a first optical means for guiding the first pumping light and the optical signals, a second optical means for generating a second pumping light with the first pumping light and generating the plurality optical signals with the second pumping light, and an optical coupler for introducing the first pumping light into the second optical means and outputting the optical signals.

Abstract: A mode-locked fiber laser and a fiber amplifier using a single pump laser, the fiber laser using a pump source to generate soliton optical short pulse and the fiber amplifier amplifying the optical short pulse. The mode-locked fiber laser and fiber amplifier use a single pump laser in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that includes a tunable directional coupler, a mode-locked fiber laser, and an optical amplifier. The tunable directional coupler is connected to the pump source. The mode-locked fiber laser receives the pump output of the pump source and generates a soliton optical pulse. The mode-locked fiber laser is connected to an output port of the tunable directional coupler. The optical amplifier receives the pump output of the pump source, receives the soliton optical pulse generated by the mode-locked fiber laser, and amplifies the soliton optical pulse. The optical amplifier is connected to the other output port of the tunable directional coupler.