Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-viscosity cosmetic composition and methods using a natural emulsifying agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cosmetic composition using a naturally derived saccharide-based surfactant in place of a chemical surfactant and realizing a low-viscosity formulation to offer safety to the skin, feel good on the skin with fast absorption, give stability to the formulation and add luster to the skin in an effective manner.

Abstract: An optical filter includes a polymer film and a near infrared absorbing layer on the polymer film, where the near infrared absorbing layer transmits light in a visible wavelength region and selectively absorbs at least a part of light in a near infrared wavelength region. An average light transmittance of the optical filter in a wavelength region of about 700 nanometers (nm) to about 740 nm is less than about 7%.

Abstract: A refrigerator may include a storage compartment, an inner door which comprises an opening having a size corresponding to a size of the storage compartment, a plurality of door guards, and an outer door which open and close the storage compartment, wherein the inner door comprises a control unit may control an internal environment of the storage compartment.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided capable of suppressing formation of frost, thereby achieving enhanced heat exchange efficiency refrigerator. The heat exchanger includes refrigerant tubes vertically spaced apart from one another, and heat exchanging fins spaced apart from another in a longitudinal direction of the refrigerant tubes while being coupled to surfaces of the refrigerant tubes. Each heat exchanging fin includes fitting slots formed at one lateral end of the heat exchanging fin and vertically arranged to receive a plurality of refrigerant tubes, and moisture guide valleys extending vertically to downwardly guide moisture on the heat exchanging fin. Each moisture guide valley includes a first moisture guide valley arranged along a virtual line extending through a boundary between a curved portion of the corresponding fitting slot and each straight portion of the fitting slot, and a second moisture guide valley to guide moisture to the first moisture guide valley.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition including quercetin-3-O-?-D-xylopyranoside for preventing or treating a liver disease. Since the composition has an effect on inhibiting alcohol-induced accumulation of triglycerides in the blood and liver, having no toxicity and without affecting feed intake, body weight, organ weight, and the like, the composition of the present invention may be efficiently utilized as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating a liver disease such as steatosis, hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis or a health functional food for preventing or alleviating a liver disease such as steatosis, hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens sequentially disposed in numerical order along an optical axis of the optical imaging system from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system, wherein the first to seventh lenses are spaced apart from each other along the optical axis, and the optical imaging system satisfies 0.4<L1TR/L7TR<1.9, where L1TR is an overall outer diameter of the first lens, L7TR is an overall outer diameter of the seventh lens, and L1TR and L7TR are expressed in a same unit of measurement.

Abstract: A bio-signal measurement apparatus may include a first substrate and a second substrate, an optical sensor mounted in the first substrate, a force sensor disposed on or below the first substrate, and a separation structure interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to prevent transmission of a force between the first substrate and the second substrate. An upper surface of the first substrate and an upper surface of the second substrate may be provided at the same level.

Abstract: A refrigerator may include a storage compartment, an inner door which comprises an opening having a size corresponding to a size of the storage compartment, a plurality of door guards, and an outer door which open and close the storage compartment, wherein the inner door comprises a control unit may control an internal environment of the storage compartment.

Abstract: Disclosed are a near-infrared absorbing film including a polymer film, a first near-infrared absorbing layer and a second near-infrared absorbing layer on the polymer film. The first near-infrared absorbing layer may be configured to transmit light in a visible region and to selectively absorb at least one part of light in a near-infrared region. The second near-infrared absorbing layer may be disposed on a surface of the first near-infrared absorbing layer. The first near-infrared absorbing layer may include a dye represented by Chemical Formula 1. The second near-infrared absorbing layer may include a copper complex compound. An optical filter may include the near-infrared absorbing film. An electronic device may include the optical filter. In Chemical Formula 1, R1 to R12 are described in the detailed description.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cell-protecting pharmaceutical composition including a cyclo histidine-proline (Cyclo His-Pro, CHP) as an active ingredient. The cell-protecting pharmaceutical composition including the present cyclo histidine-proline (CHP) as an active ingredient has an excellent protective effect to protect kidney and liver cells from toxicity. Thus, the composition may be useful for the prevention or treatment of kidney and liver diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a control apparatus and method for improving fuel efficiency in a CACC system, which can improve fuel efficiency through control of a vehicle speed so that a vehicle travels using an optimized cost in consideration of a target vehicle speed, current vehicle speed, minimum driving speed set in the vehicle, and a deceleration distance if the vehicle that uses the CACC system senses a forward vehicle and enters into a CACC active mode. The control method for improving fuel efficiency in a CACC system includes setting a target speed profile based on a target speed of the subject vehicle and an expected driving path, determining whether a target vehicle to be followed by the subject vehicle exists, and controlling the driving speed of the subject vehicle according to the set target speed profile depending on whether or not the target vehicle exists.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming a thin film having a target thickness T on a substrate by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. The method includes n processing conditions each having a film growth rate that is different from the others, and determining a1 to an that are cycles of a first processing condition to an n-th processing condition so that a value of |T?(a1×G1+a2×G2+ . . . +an×Gn)| is less than a minimum value among G1, G2, . . . , and Gn, where n is 2 or greater integer, G1, . . . , and Gn respectively denote a first film growth rate that is a film growth rate of the first processing condition, . . . and an n-th film growth rate that is a film growth rate of the n-th processing condition, and the film growth rate denotes a thickness of a film formed per a unit cycle in each of the processing conditions. The film forming method may precisely and uniformly control a thickness of the thin film when an ALD is performed.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens. The first lens has positive refractive power and a convex image-side surface. The second lens has negative refractive power. The third lens has negative refractive power. The fourth lens has negative refractive power and an inflection point formed on an image-side surface thereof. The fifth lens has positive refractive power and a convex image-side surface.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens sequentially arranged in numerical order from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system and each having a refractive power, wherein an entire field of view of the optical imaging system is 50° or greater, and TTL/f<1.0, where TTL is a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens to the imaging plane, and f is an overall focal length of the optical imaging system.

Abstract: A dietary habit management apparatus and method are provided. The dietary habit management apparatus includes a bio-signal acquirer configured to acquire a bio-signal of a user, and a processor configured to obtain a total peripheral resistance (TPR) reflected index, from the bio-signal that is acquired by the bio-signal acquirer, and determine whether the user has eaten food, based on the TPR reflected index.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes lenses sequentially disposed from an object side of the optical imaging system toward an imaging plane of the optical imaging system, and a stop disposed between a third lens of the lenses and a fourth lens of the lenses. An object-side surface of the third lens is concave, and a ratio TL/f of a distance TL from an object-side surface of a first lens of the lenses to the imaging plane with respect to an overall focal length f of the optical imaging system is greater than 0.7 and less than 1.0.

Abstract: A memory device including: a loopback circuit for performing a loopback operation, wherein the loopback operation comprises receiving, via a loopback channel, test signals provided from a test device and feeding back the test signals to the test device via the loopback channel; and an information management circuit for outputting information of the memory device to the loopback channel.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes: a first lens having refractive power, a second lens having refractive power, a third lens having refractive power, a fourth lens having refractive power, and a fifth lens having refractive power. Here, the first lens, the third lens, and the fifth lens may have refractive indices of about 1.6 or more, and an entire field of view of the optical imaging system may be about 120° or more.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens group having a first group of lenses. A foremost lens of the first group of lenses is a lens closest to an object side and has a positive refractive power. The optical imaging system also includes a second lens group having a second group of lenses. A rearmost lens of the second group of lenses is a lens closest to an imaging plane and has convex surfaces. The first and second lens groups are sequentially disposed from the object side to an imaging plane. An expression TL/f1<2.0 is satisfied, where TL represents a distance from an object-side surface of the foremost lens to the imaging plane and f1 represents a focal length of the foremost lens.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a processor and a memory functionally connected to the processor. The electronic device acquires user's biometric information through a biometric sensor, determines virtual biometric information corresponding to the acquired biometric information, and transmits the virtual biometric information to an external electronic device through communication circuitry. The electronic device may include the biometric sensor, the communication circuitry, and the memory may be electrically connected to the biometric sensor and the communication module and store instructions to be executed by the processor.