Abstract: An electrode having a multilayer structure formed by stacking a plurality of unit electrode active material layers. The electrode is formed from granules comprising an electrode material densely packed in each unit electrode active material layer, and even though different types of electrode active materials are used in each unit electrode active material layer, the intermixing of the electrode active materials does not occur at or near the interface of the unit electrode active material layers, resulting in less interferences of electrochemical properties between the different types of electrode active materials. Additionally, the electrode active material layer has higher porosity of the unit electrode active material layer closer to the electrode surface than the unit electrode active material layer closer to the current collector. Accordingly, it is possible to improve electrolyte wetting and ionic conductivity of the electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate-type sensor including: a base substrate; an electronic component positioned on a top side of the base substrate; and an elastic cover for covering the electronic component and the base substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for charging protocols for secondary batteries are provided including: measuring an open-circuit voltage (Vref) according to a state-of-charge (SOCx) for a two-electrode cell, charged with a reference current; measuring second open-circuit voltages (Vc) according to the state-of-charge when charging the cell with a plurality of different charging currents; calculating an internal resistance value (RSOCx) according to the state-of-charge using an equation (RSOCx)=(Vc?Vref)/Ic for the different charging currents, wherein Ic is a value for the different charging currents, and computing a charging current-specific internal resistance profile mapping the internal resistance value according to the state-of-charge for the different charging currents; and identifying, for the charging current-specific internal resistance profiles, each inflection point, determining a lowest resistance value among the inflection points as a reference value, and determining, for the computed charging current-specifi

Abstract: A battery pack includes a charge switch coupled between a battery cell positive terminal and a charger positive terminal and between a pack positive terminal and the charger positive terminal, a discharge switch coupled between a battery cell negative terminal and a pack negative terminal and between a charger negative terminal and the pack negative terminal, a battery control circuit configured to control the charge switch and the discharge switch, and a power supply circuit coupled between the charger positive terminal and the battery control circuit, wherein the power supply circuit directly supplies power to the battery control circuit when a battery cell is coupled to a charger.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus with improved accuracy is provided. The temperature measuring apparatus comprises a test substrate having a thermal conductivity, a circuit board layer laminated on the test substrate and including a plurality of through holes exposing a top surface of the test substrate, bonding agent disposed in the plurality of through holes and having a thermal conductivity, and a plurality of sensors disposed on the bonding agent and for measuring a temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of coating a solid electrolyte of a solid-state battery. The method includes putting an electrode active material and a sulfide-based solid electrolyte into a rotating mixer, operating the rotating mixer to rotate in a first direction while the rotating mixer revolves in a second direction, and coating a surface of the electrode active material with the sulfide-based solid electrolyte in the rotating mixer during the operation of the rotating mixer, to form a solid electrolyte layer on the surface of the electrode active material.

Abstract: A sulfide-based solid electrolyte has an argyrodite-type crystal structure which is doped with an element having an oxidation number of 4 and a transition metal having an oxidation number of 6 so as to improve moisture stability and ionic conductivity of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing a substrate, the method including: a coating operation of supplying a coating liquid containing a volatile component to a top surface of the substrate to form a cleaning film; and a cleaning film processing operation of processing the cleaning film, in which the cleaning film processing operation includes: a crack formation operation of generating a crack in the cleaning film formed on the substrate to form film flakes; and a delamination operation of delaminating the film flakes from the top surface of the substrate by volatilizing the volatile component contained in the film flake.

Abstract: An all-solid-state secondary battery includes a cell stack having a stack structure, and a protective member including a first thermoplastic resin layer, a second thermoplastic resin layer, and a third thermoplastic resin layer sequentially stacked, and being disposed on a peripheral portion, in which the cathode layer is not disposed, of the solid-state electrolyte layers, while being interposed between the two solid-state electrolyte layers disposed to be adjacent to each other such that the cathode layer is interposed between the two solid-state electrolyte layers. A glass transition temperature of the first thermoplastic resin layer and a glass transition temperature of the third thermoplastic resin layer are lower than a glass transition temperature of the second thermoplastic resin layer.

Abstract: A substrate transfer device includes a transfer unit configured to transfer, in a first direction, a carrier in which substrates are stored, an upper interface unit configured to move the transfer unit, a lower interface unit configured to receive the carrier from the transfer unit, and a controller configured to control the upper interface unit and the lower interface unit integrally such that the transfer unit and the carrier move in the first direction at the same time.

Abstract: An electrode for an electrochemical device has a lower layer zone and an upper layer zone, wherein different types of granules are contained in the lower layer zone and the upper layer zone. In addition, the electrode includes an intermediate layer zone disposed between the lower layer zone and the upper layer zone and having an interface formed by undulating concave and convex portions having a quadrangular shape. The electrode shows an increased ion diffusion rate and electrode capacity.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a circuit layer, and an element layer. The circuit layer includes: light emitting pixel drivers; data lines; demux circuits outputting the data signal of the data lines based on a data mux signal supplied from a display driving circuit; and data transmission lines electrically connected between the display driving circuit and the demux circuits, and transmitting data mux signals of the demux circuits, respectively. The data transmission lines include: a first data transmission line electrically connected to a first demux circuit adjacent to an edge of the substrate in a first direction; and a second data transmission line electrically connected to a second demux circuit spaced further apart from the edge of the substrate than the first demux circuit in the first direction. The second data transmission line is electrically connected to a path compensation capacitor in the sub-region.

Abstract: A method and electrode assembly for evaluating performance of an electrode uses a negative electrode on which a negative electrode active material is applied to both surfaces of a negative electrode collector; a positive electrode on which a positive electrode active material is applied to both surfaces of a positive electrode collector and which is stacked with the negative electrode; two separators stacked between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; a reference electrode stacked between the two separators; and a second negative electrode stacked between the separator, which is relatively close to the negative electrode, of the two separators and the negative electrode.

Abstract: Systems and methods for charging protocols for secondary batteries are provided including: measuring an open-circuit voltage (Vref) according to a state-of-charge (SOCx) for a two-electrode cell, charged with a reference current; measuring second open-circuit voltages (Vc) according to the state-of-charge when charging the cell with a plurality of different charging currents; calculating an internal resistance value (RSOCx) according to the state-of-charge using an equation (RSOCx)=(Vc?Vref)/Ic for the different charging currents, wherein Ic is a value for the different charging currents, and computing a charging current-specific internal resistance profile mapping the internal resistance value according to the state-of-charge for the different charging currents; and identifying, for the charging current-specific internal resistance profiles, each inflection point, determining a lowest resistance value among the inflection points as a reference value, and determining, for the computed charging current-specifi

Abstract: Proposed are an electrostatic chuck, a plasma processing method, and a plasma processing apparatus for preventing abrupt temperature changes in a substrate and maintain a constant temperature. The electrostatic chuck that supports a substrate in the plasma processing apparatus includes a puck on which a substrate for plasma processing is seated and having a heater, and a base plate located below the puck and having a cooling passage through which fluid for cooling flows. A temperature maintenance layer composed of a phase change material is provided inside the base plate.

Abstract: A substrate support unit including a Q-pad capable of minimizing fastening pressure variations that may be caused by heat and a substrate treating apparatus including the substrate support unit are provided. The substrate treating apparatus includes: a chamber housing; a substrate support unit supporting a substrate within the chamber housing; a showerhead unit providing a process gas into the chamber housing; and a plasma generation unit generating plasma for treating the substrate within the chamber housing using the process gas, wherein the substrate support unit includes a base plate, a dielectric layer, which is disposed on the base plate, and a thermal transfer pad, which is disposed between the base plate and the dielectric layer and bonds the base plate and the dielectric layer together, and the thermal transfer pad includes a plurality of corrugated patterns.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a support unit provided in a processing space for processing a substrate and for supporting the substrate, wherein the support unit comprises a puck having a first thermal conductivity and having a concave groove formed thereon; and a block provided in the concave groove and having a second thermal conductivity different from the first thermal conductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solid catalyst for producing polypropylene and a method for producing a block copolymer, particularly, disclosed are a solid catalyst for producing polypropylene, which has high activity and excellent hydrogenation activity and is capable of producing a block copolymer having high stereoregularity and a high rubber content by copolymerization of alpha-olefins, and a method for producing a block copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is the electronic seal device comprising a seal bolt unit for electronic sealing; and a seal fastening unit coupled to the seal bolt unit using a screw thread. Wherein the seal bolt unit comprises a seal open/close unit coupled to the seal fastening unit using the screw thread; a seal communication unit located inside the upper part of the seal open/close unit; and a sealed antenna unit located inside the lower part of the seal open/close unit. Wherein the seal antenna unit comprises a first conductor part connected to the seal communication unit; a first contact part connected to the first conductor part; a second conductor part connected to a seal battery unit; a second contact part connected to the second conductor part; and an insulating part located between the first contact part and the second contact part.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trifluoramine oxide includes: a reactor in which a photochemical reaction for generating trifluoramine oxide by using vapor-phase FNO and F2 as starting materials is performed; an ultraviolet irradiation means for irradiating ultraviolet rays having a peak wavelength in a wavelength band of 300 nm to 400 nm into the reactor; and a separation and collection means which is in vapor communication with the reactor, separating and collecting generated trifluoramine oxide from reaction products generated in the reactor. The ultraviolet rays are such that an intensity of rays having a wavelength band of less than 300 nm is less than 5% of an intensity of rays having a wavelength band of 300 nm to 400 nm.