Abstract: Apparatuses and methods including memory commands for semiconductor memories are described. A controller provides a memory system with memory commands to access memory. The commands are decoded to provide internal signals and commands for performing operations, such as operations to access the memory array. The memory commands provided for accessing memory may include timing command and access commands. Examples of access commands include a read command and a write command. Timing commands may be used to control the timing of various operations, for example, for a corresponding access command. The timing commands may include opcodes that set various modes of operation during an associated access operation for an access command.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding method. An image decoding method for the same includes: determining a reference sample of a current block; performing filtering for the reference sample on the basis of a feature of an area where the reference sample is included; and performing intra-prediction by using the reference sample for which filtering is performed.

Abstract: An image decoding method according to the present invention includes reconstructing a residual block by inverse-quantizing and inverse-transforming an entropy-decoded residual block, generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction on a current block, and reconstructing an picture by adding the reconstructed residual block to the prediction block, wherein generating the prediction block includes generating a final prediction value of a prediction target pixel included in the current block based on a first prediction value of the prediction target pixel and a final correction value calculated by performing an arithmetic right shift on a two's complementary integer representation for an initial correction value of the prediction target pixel by a binary digit of 1. Accordingly, upon image encoding/decoding, computation complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing a residual signal for audio coding and an audio coding apparatus. The method learns a feature map of a reference signal through a residual signal learning engine including a convolutional layer and a neural network and performs learning based on a result obtained by mapping a node of an output layer of the neural network and a quantization level of index of the residual signal.

Abstract: A sensing device with a fingerprint sensor is provided. The sensing device includes a touch input pattern included in the fingerprint sensor, an oscillation circuit connected to the touch input pattern and configured to change a capacitance of the oscillation circuit when a touch occurrence is sensed by the touch input pattern and generate an oscillation signal based on the change in the capacitance, and an operation detection circuit configured to detect a touch occurrence based on a frequency included in the oscillation signal input from the oscillation circuit and generate a detection signal.

Abstract: A thermoelectric module includes an N-type thermoelectric material and a P-type thermoelectric material disposed so as to be spaced apart from the N-type thermoelectric material. A flexible electrode is electrically connected to the N-type thermoelectric material and the P-type thermoelectric material. The flexible electrode is configured to bend to match a curvature of an object, e.g., a steering wheel of a vehicle.

Abstract: A display device including a display area and a non-display area disposed around the display area. The device includes a substrate; and at least one pad terminal disposed in the non-display area on the substrate and including an uneven surface in which concave portions and convex portion are electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: A drowsy driving management device includes: a processor configured to determine whether slow eye movement of a user occurs and whether there is no change in steering torque and to determine that the user drives while drowsy when the slow eye movement of the user occurs and when there is no change in the steering torque for a predetermined period of time; and a storage that stores information indicating whether the slow eye movement occurs and a result of determining whether there is no change in the steering torque.

Abstract: An intra prediction method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: performing a directional prediction using at least one of a neighboring pixel of a current block and a left upper corner pixel positioned at a left upper corner of the current block so as to obtain a first prediction value for the current block; obtaining a second prediction value for the current block using the reference sample positioned in the current block; and weighted summing the first prediction value and the second prediction value using a weighting matrix so as to obtain a final prediction value for the current block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device that includes a housing at least partially including a metal portion, a glass plate mounted on one surface of the housing, and a buffer disposed at least on the metal portion on one face of the housing and disposed adjacent to an edge of the glass plate.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction mode based intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method may comprise decoding an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving at least one intra prediction mode from the decoded intra prediction mode of the current block, generating two or more intra prediction blocks using the intra prediction mode of the current block and the derived intra prediction mode, and generating an intra prediction block of the current block based on the two or more intra prediction blocks.

Abstract: An adhesive film and an optical display, the adhesive film being prepared from an adhesive composition that includes a (meth)acrylic copolymer, wherein the adhesive film has an elongation of about 750% to about 3,000%, and satisfies the following Equation 1: PB/PY=about 3.0 to about 20, wherein PB is a break point in gf of the adhesive film and PY is a yield point in gf of the adhesive film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image decoding method. The image decoding method comprises deriving initial motion information of a current block from at least one of motion information of a spatial neighbor block, motion information of a temporal neighbor block, and pre-defined motion information, generating refined motion information by performing motion information refinement for the initial motion information and generating a prediction block of the current block by using the refined motion information.

Abstract: A lumbar support apparatus for a vehicle seat includes: a seatback frame having an adjustable inclination angle; an operating mechanism disposed at an upper portion of the seatback frame, the operating mechanism including a connector generating an operating force in a vertical direction by being in contact with a fixture fixed to a vehicle body when the inclination angle of the seatback frame is adjusted; and a support mechanism disposed at a lower portion of the seatback frame, connected to the connector, receiving the operating force generated from the connecting mechanism, and configured to slide in a front and rear direction depending on an application direction of the operating force, such that when the inclination angle of the seatback frame is adjusted to be directed rearward, the support mechanism receives the operating force of the operating mechanism and is advanced forward to support a waist of an occupant.

Abstract: The multi sample prediction method of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining a sample group consisting of a plurality of samples inside a decoding target block; determining a representative position corresponding to the sample group, inside the decoding target block; determining a representative prediction value for the sample group, on the basis of the determined representative position; and determining the determined representative prediction value as the final prediction value for each of the plurality of samples making up the sample group. The present invention enhances efficiency in encoding/decoding and reduces complexity thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing calcium phosphate by the present invention is characterized by comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a 0.5-1.5 M aqueous calcium salt solution, a 0.3-0.8 M aqueous phosphate solution, and a 0.1-0.5 M aqueous carbonate solution; (b) mixing the aqueous phosphate solution and the aqueous carbonate solution in step (a) to prepare a mixture solution; (c) adding an aqueous alkaline solution to the aqueous calcium salt solution in step (a); (d) adding an aqueous alkaline solution to the mixture solution in step (b); (e) mixing and reacting the aqueous calcium salt solution with the aqueous alkaline solution added thereto in step (c) and the mixture solution with the aqueous alkaline solution added thereto in step (d) to prepare a precipitate; and (f) filtering, washing, and drying the precipitate in step (e) to obtain calcium phosphate, wherein the primary particle size of the calcium phosphate is 100 nm or smaller and the specific surface area thereof is 40-150 m2/g.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery module. A secondary battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; and a first frame configured to accommodate and cool the plurality of battery cells, wherein the first frame includes: a housing configured to accommodate the plurality of battery cells; and at least one cooling plate coupled to one surface of the housing, interposed between groups of one or more battery cells among the plurality of battery cells disposed in the housing, and configured to fix the plurality of battery cells and dissipate heat generated from the plurality of battery cells.

Abstract: A bendable flexible flat membrane module includes: a membrane facing each other and constituting both outer surfaces; a support member made of a flexible material and embedded inside the membrane constituting the both outer surfaces; and a plurality of point bonding portions formed by pressing and bonding the both outer surfaces facing each other at a predetermined point.

Abstract: An analog-digital converter includes a count code generator to receive a code generation clock signal from a clock signal generator and to output a count code according to the code generation clock signal, a latch to latch the count code, an operating circuit to generate a count value of the count code and to output a digital signal based on the count value, and a transfer controller to transfer the count code from the latch to the operating circuit. The transfer controller determines whether to transfer the count code according to a logic level of a count enable clock signal generated from the clock signal generator.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for compressing learning parameters for training of a deep-learning model and transmitting the compressed parameters in a distributed processing environment. Multiple electronic devices in the distributed processing system perform training of a neural network. By performing training, parameters are updated. The electronic device may share the updated parameter thereof with additional electronic devices. In order to efficiently share the parameter, the residual of the parameter is provided to the additional electronic devices. When the residual of the parameter is provided, the additional electronic devices update the parameter using the residual of the parameter.