Abstract: An electrolysis device with a rectifier comprises: an electrolytic cell; a joint panel with a first surface joined to the electrolytic cell; an electrode module comprising a housing, a plurality of electrodes provided inside the housing, and an auxiliary panel joined to a second surface of the joint panel, the auxiliary panel having a first end installed in the electrolytic cell and a second end perpendicularly protruding from an external periphery of a second end of the housing; a rectifier module having a second side surface from which an electrode protrudes; an L-shaped panel joined to second surface of the joint panel and any side surface of the rectifier module; and a bus bar that connects the electrode of the electrode module to the electrode of the rectifier module.

Abstract: A handover method in a mobile CCN. In the method, when detecting a UE performing a handover, a source local CCNx node caches data directed to the UE. The source local CCNx node transmits a request to stop transmission of the data directed to the UE to a target local CCNx node based on a condition. The target local CCNx node requests the source local CCNx node to stop transmission of contents that are being cached. The source local CCNx node transmits cached contents to the target local CCNx node. The target local CCNx node requests a CCNx entry node to stop transmission of specific contents based on a condition. The CCNx entry node transmits contents to the target local CCNx node. When detecting, the UE completing the handover, the target local CCNx node transmits the contents received from the CCNx entry node to the UE.

Abstract: A method of controlling congestion in a base station of a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving a Service Data Unit (SDU) that includes pieces of data forwarded through a caching proxy, driving a timer each time an SDU is received for processing the SDU using a communication protocol, determining whether the SDU has been processed using the communication protocol until expiration of the timer, and controlling a transmission rate of the caching proxy based on a number of SDUs consecutively discarded or a number of SDUs consecutively transmitted depending on whether the timer has expired.

Abstract: A WCDMA 3G voice communication protection method and a terminal using the method are provided. The method is performed by a terminal operating in conjunction with an S-USIM for voice communication protection. When a calling terminal connects a voice communication channel to a called terminal, secure voice communication is prepared for by collecting information about relevant voice communication. At the calling terminal, synchronous data is set by exchanging the voice communication information with the called terminal, and a secure synchronization procedure is performed based on the set synchronous data. At each of S-USIMs that operate in conjunction with the calling and called terminals, a session key for secure voice communication is generated based on the synchronous data. Secure communication is performed by encrypting and transmitting voice-coded data to be transmitted based on the session key, and decrypting and reproducing received voice-coded data based on the session key.

Abstract: A multi-hop wireless network system and an authentication method thereof, wherein during initial mutual authentication between multi-hop nodes and a multi-hop wireless network, a shared key is acquired for hop-by-hop mutual authentication between the multi-hop nodes using a centralized authentication scheme. Using the acquired shared key, distributed authentication between the multi-hop nodes is performed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for maintaining an Internet Protocol (IP) connection in a portable terminal is provided. The method includes when there is a request for registration of a service or an application having a push function, determining whether a first service quality interval corresponding to the service or application, registration of which has been requested, has been stored in the memory, and periodically transmitting a keep-alive message for maintaining the IP connection by using the first service quality interval when the first service quality interval has been stored in the memory.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for setting a ping interval in a portable terminal are provided. The method includes transmitting a ping message to a server after a predefined time period corresponding to a set ping interval and determining whether a response message is received from the server, so as to determine whether a ping test succeeds, determining whether a short interval count value of the set ping interval is 0 by referring to a count table when the ping test is determined to be successful, and resetting the ping interval, and determining whether the short interval count value of the set ping interval is 0 by referring to the count table when the ping test fails, and resetting the ping interval.

Abstract: A system and method for exactly estimating a volume of traffic is provided when packets are transferred within the network. The system and method receive data packets from clients through a plurality of router-for-clients, and creating a flow information packet for estimating information about a flow, transfer the data packets and the created flow information packet to the destination router-for-client via a router-for-relay, calculate information about the traffic of a flow at the destination router-for-client through the flow information packets transferred from the router-for-clients, and estimate a volume of the traffic. Thus, the system and method can estimate the volume of the traffic on the network with respect to the aggregated flow defined by the router pair connected to the terminal or the external network when the traffic is actually introduced into the network, instead of the flows of each terminal and each destination.

Abstract: A hybrid channel assignment method comprising the steps of negotiating among routers to select one router to act as a central server; collecting, at the selected router, information on an entire network transmitted from the other routers, and assigning channels based upon the information on the entire network; and reassigning channels of respective routers based upon dynamically-changing traffic characteristics. The hybrid channel assignment method can assign channels using both centralized processing and distributed processing in order to ensure optimally correct channel assignment consistent with present traffic characteristics. This as a result can prevent network resources from being wasted and also increase network capacity, thereby optimizing effective use of the network resources.

Abstract: A method and a system for interworking with a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) network in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) terminal. According to the method, a relay station for connecting the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) terminal with the Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) network sets a connection with the Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) network through an initialization process. A user authentication with the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) terminal is performed by the relay station in compliance with a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) protocol. A user authentication with a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) network Access Control Router (ACR) is performed in compliance with a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) network protocol by the relay station in place of the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus, computer program and method for packet buffer management in an IP network system. The apparatus includes at least one link queue buffer, a shared buffer, a buffer state detector, and a buffer manager. The at least one link queue buffer is allocated a buffer of a packet stored in a memory. The shared buffer is excessively allocated when exceeding a minimum buffer threshold value. The buffer state detector determines whether a buffer value stored in a link queue buffer of a corresponding link exceeds a preset minimum buffer threshold value. The buffer manager sets the shared buffer to be included in the link queue buffer if the stored buffer value exceeds the preset minimum buffer threshold value.

Abstract: Disclosed is an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus for enhancing and or controlling the dissociation of a secondary gas by converting a source gas into a plasma state at atmospheric pressure and controlling the interaction between that plasma and the secondary gas using porous metal, and ceramic tubes to create a path having controllable isolation from the region where plasma is generated.

Abstract: In a multi-radio mesh network system supporting at least two different wireless communication standards and a method of controlling the same, a wireless access switching module determines whether user data en-queued in the queue of a first wireless link and retained on standby cannot be transmitted. The wireless access switching module switches the user data, en-queued in the queue of the first wireless link and retained on standby, to an available second wireless link. The wireless access switching module changes a frame structure according to different wireless access techniques. When access is possible through the second wireless link, a forwarder searches for a local neighbor directly connected to a transmitting node and a receiving node, and forwards the user data. According to the invention, and in contrast to conventional techniques, available multi-wireless resources can be used more efficiently, flexibly and optimally up to the last moment, thereby reducing re-transmission and packet drop.

Abstract: A method of collecting biogas from organic wastes in a landfill includes a branch pipe installation step of installing a waste liquid input branch pipe and a landfill gas extracting branch pipe in the landfill, and installing a leachate extracting branch pipe under the landfill at a certain slopea fitting installation step of connecting an organic waste pretreatment device, the waste liquid input branch pipe, a landfill gas collecting pipe and the landfill gas extracting branch pipe a pretreatment step of mixing organic wastes with leachate generated from the landfill to produce a waste liquida waste liquid input step of dividing the waste liquid input branch pipe into some regions and progressively inputting and pressing the waste liquid mixed in the pretreatment step and a gas extraction step of extracting and collecting a generated landfill gas.

Abstract: A slurry composition for forming a layer is provided. The slurry composition includes 100 parts by weight of a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, ZrO3, and a combination thereof; 1-200 parts by weight of a binding agent per 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide, the binding agent being selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate (CaP), a calcium-barium-boron-based (CBB-based) oxide, a triple carbonate ((Ca, Ba, Sr)CO3), and a combination thereof; 1-10 parts by weight of a binder per 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide, the binder being selected from the group consisting of nitro cellulose, ethyl cellulose, methyl methacrylate, and a combination thereof; and 50-500 parts by weight of a solvent per 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fluorescent lamp is provided. One of a dispersed metal oxide precursor sol prepared by a sol-gel reaction and a fluorescent substance slurry is coated on a glass tube having at least one open side and then the other of the fluorescent substance slurry and the dispersed metal oxide precursor sol is coated on the glass tube. Next, passivation and fluorescent layers are simultaneously formed by baking the coated layers. Then, air is exhausted out of the glass tube and a discharge gas is injected into the glass tube. Finally, the glass tube is sealed.

Abstract: An apparatus of forming a fine pattern includes a chamber having a predetermined process space, a stage for supporting a substrate on which a photosensitive organic layer is formed, using buoyancy, a template disposed away from the stage to imprint a preprocess pattern dividing etching and non-etching regions on the organic layer of the substrate, and a driving unit for moving the stage toward the template so that the pattern formed on the template can be formed on the organic layer of the substrate.

Abstract: A fluid injector for treating a surface of a flat display panel includes a case provided with a cavity for receiving fluid; a pair of nozzle guiders coupled to the case and disposed facing each other; a gap-adjusting plate disposed between the nozzle guiders to adjust a gap between the nozzle guiders; and a coupling device for coupling the nozzle guiders to the gap-adjusting plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus for enhancing and or controlling the dissociation of a secondary gas by converting a source gas into a plasma state at atmospheric pressure and controlling the interaction between that plasma and the secondary gas using porous metal, and ceramic tubes to create a path having controllable isolation from the region where plasma is generated.

Abstract: A multicast packet forwarding apparatus and method that can combine an internal processor of a multicast packet processor into a forwarding unit and a packet duplicator in order to minimize delay in the processing time of a forwarder and a packet transmitter. In the apparatus, a packet receiver is adapted to receive unicast and multicast packets. A forwarding unit has a unicast forwarder for forwarding a unicast packet to a destination when the packet receiver receives the unicast packet, and a multicast forwarder for multicasting a multicast packet to respective output interfaces when the packet receiver receives the multicast packet. A packet duplicator is adapted to convert the multicast packet output from the multicast forwarder into a several unicast packets. A packet dispatcher is adapted to reintroduce the unicast packets converted by the packet duplicator to the forwarding unit again.