Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery module having a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other, the battery module including a voltage sensing unit including voltage sensing terminals electrically connected to electrode terminal connection portions of the battery cells and a conduction part connected to the voltage sensing terminals to transmit voltages detected by the voltage sensing terminals to a module control unit and a signal cutoff unit located between the voltage sensing terminals and the conduction part to interrupt transmission of the detected voltages when a short circuit occurs in the conduction part.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device, non-volatile memory cell array and related method of operation are disclosed. The non-volatile memory cell array includes a defined data unit stored in a plurality of non-volatile memory cells capable of being electrically overwritten within the non-volatile memory cell array, and an erase marker corresponding to the data unit and indicating whether the data unit is in an erased state or a not-erased state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack including (a) a battery module array having battery modules arranged in two or more rows, (b) a pair of side support members that are in close contact with outermost unit modules in the battery modules in the battery module array, (c) lower end support members coupled to lower ends of the side support members, (d) two or more first upper mounting members coupled to upper ends of the side support members and lower ends of the battery modules erected in an upside-down fashion, (e) a second upper mounting member coupled to upper ends of the first upper mounting members, and (f) a rear mounting member disposed at the rear of the battery module array.

Abstract: A battery module includes a battery cell stack having a plurality of battery cells or unit modules connected in series and/or in parallel to each other in a state in which the battery cells or the unit modules are stacked in the lateral direction. The battery cell stack is provided at the front thereof with bus bars to connect electrode terminals of the battery cells to external input and output terminals. Voltage sensing members are provided at ends thereof with connection terminals electrically connected to electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells to sense voltages of the battery cells or the unit modules. An upper case is provided with mounting parts, in which the voltage sensing members are mounted. A lower case is coupled to the upper. The lower case is provided at the front thereof with external input and output terminals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack including a battery module array having battery modules arranged in two or more rows in a state in which the battery modules are erected in an upside-down fashion, each of the battery modules being formed by stacking battery cells or unit modules, each having two or more battery cells mounted therein, in a lateral direction with respect to electrode terminals of the battery cells, a front support member and a rear support member that are a pair of side support members to support the front and rear of the battery module array, respectively, lower end support members coupled to lower ends of the side support members, and mounting members coupled to an upper end of the battery module array and fastened to an external device such that an upper part of the battery pack is mounted to the external device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack including (a) a battery module array having battery modules arranged in two or more rows, (b) a pair of side support members that are in close contact with outermost unit modules in the battery modules in the battery module array, (c) lower end support members coupled to lower ends of the side support members, (d) two or more first upper mounting members coupled to upper ends of the side support members and lower ends of the battery modules erected in an upside-down fashion, (e) a second upper mounting member coupled to upper ends of the first upper mounting members, and (f) a rear mounting member disposed at the rear of the battery module array.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery pack including a battery module having a battery cell stack structure in which at least two electrically connected battery cells or unit modules are stacked, a voltage measuring member that measures voltage at an electrode terminal connection part of the battery cells or the unit modules, a voltage measuring circuit that connects the voltage measuring member to a Battery Management System (BMS), a temperature measuring member that measures temperature of the battery cells or the unit modules, a temperature measuring circuit that connects the temperature measuring member to the BMS and that is separated from the voltage measuring circuit, and the BMS electrically connected to the voltage measuring member to control operation of the battery modules.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a plurality of memory blocks. Each of memory blocks includes a main area including a plurality of first memory cells having a phase-change material and a spare area including at least one second memory cell for storing initial information about the plurality of first memory cells. In the non-volatile memory device, a circuit of the at least one second memory cell is cut off according to the initial information, and the initial information is defective block information that is information about a defect of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery module including a plurality of sequentially stacked plate-shaped battery cells, wherein the battery module is configured to have a structure in which two or more cell units are stacked in a state in which the battery cells are electrically connected to each other, each of the cell units is configured to have a structure in which two or more battery cells are connected in parallel to each other in a state in which the battery cells are in tight contact with each other, and parallel connection between electrode terminals of the battery cells of the cell units is achieved by one to one welding at a single weld point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a voltage sensing assembly for a battery module to sense voltage of battery cells having electrode terminals formed at the upper or lower end thereof in a state in which the voltage sensing assembly is mounted in the battery module, the voltage sensing assembly including (a) an upper and a lower block case to be coupled to each other in an assembled fashion, the upper block case and the lower block case being made of an electrically insulative material, the upper block case and the lower block case being mounted to a region (front or rear) of the battery module corresponding to electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells, (b) upper-row and lower-row conductive sensors to be connected to the electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells, respectively, and (c) a connector to transmit voltages sensed by the conductive sensors to a battery management system (BMS).

Abstract: A battery module includes a battery cell stack having a plurality of battery cells or unit modules connected in series and/or in parallel to each other in a state in which the battery cells or the unit modules are stacked in the lateral direction. The battery cell stack is provided at the front thereof with bus bars to connect electrode terminals of the battery cells to external input and output terminals. Voltage sensing members are provided at ends thereof with connection terminals electrically connected to electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells to sense voltages of the battery cells or the unit modules. An upper case is provided with mounting parts, in which the voltage sensing members are mounted. A lower case is coupled to the upper. The lower case is provided at the front thereof with external input and output terminals.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a plurality of memory blocks. Each of memory blocks includes a main area including a plurality of first memory cells having a phase-change material and a spare area including at least one second memory cell for storing initial information about the plurality of first memory cells. In the non-volatile memory device, a circuit of the at least one second memory cell is cut off according to the initial information, and the initial information is defective block information that is information about a defect of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed is a voltage sensing assembly for a battery module to sense voltage of battery cells having electrode terminals formed at the upper or lower end thereof in a state in which the voltage sensing assembly is mounted in the battery module, the voltage sensing assembly including (a) an upper and a lower block case to be coupled to each other in an assembled fashion, the upper block case and the lower block case being made of an electrically insulative material, the upper block case and the lower block case being mounted to a region (front or rear) of the battery module corresponding to electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells, (b) upper-row and lower-row conductive sensors to be connected to the electrode terminal connection parts of the battery cells, respectively, and (c) a connector to transmit voltages sensed by the conductive sensors to a battery management system (BMS).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery module including a plurality of sequentially stacked plate-shaped battery cells, wherein the battery module is configured to have a structure in which two or more cell units are stacked in a state in which the battery cells are electrically connected to each other, each of the cell units is configured to have a structure in which two or more battery cells are connected in parallel to each other in a state in which the battery cells are in tight contact with each other, and parallel connection between electrode terminals of the battery cells of the cell units is achieved by one to one welding at a single weld point.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device, non-volatile memory cell array and related method of operation are disclosed. The non-volatile memory cell array includes a defined data unit stored in a plurality of non-volatile memory cells capable of being electrically overwritten within the non-volatile memory cell array, and an erase marker corresponding to the data unit and indicating whether the data unit is in an erased state or a not-erased state.

Abstract: A data storage device receives an invalidity command, and in response to the invalidity command, records information identifying a first region of a main storage unit. In a first interval, the data storage device copies valid data from the first region of the main storage unit to a second region of the main storage unit based on the recorded information. In a second interval after the first interval, the data storage device invalidates the first region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a voltage sensing member for sensing the voltage of battery cells constituting a battery module, the voltage sensing member comprising: (a) a pair of supporting parts mounted to the bottom of the battery module at regions (the front and rear parts of the battery module) corresponding to electrode terminal connections of the battery cells; (b) connection parts for electrically connecting the supporting parts to a connector; (c) a plurality of conductive sensing parts protruding upward while one end of each linear mounting part is connected to the corresponding support part and the other end of each linear mounting part is elastically connected to electrode terminals of the battery cells; and (d) a connector mounted on the front part or the rear part of the battery module for transmitting the sensed voltage of the battery cells to a battery management system (BMS).

Abstract: A glass antenna for vehicle comprising: a first antenna, a part of which are formed at the edge of vehicle glass to the clockwise direction, and the other part of which is obliquely tilted in the vehicle glass; a second antenna which faces opposite direction to said first antenna; a third antenna, a part of which is parallelly spaced from said second antenna, and the other part of which is obliquely tilted in said vehicle glass; a fourth antenna which is connected with said first antenna and formed plurally tilted in said vehicle glass obliquely; a feed point disposed at the glass frame and connected to said first antenna and second antenna to transmit the signal to receiver. Accordingly, by improving the directivity of said antenna, it's possible to gain more stable receive sensitivity during moving, and antenna length can be extended at limited area.

Abstract: A method for finding the optimal threshold for image segmentation in image recognition is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: a) gaining histogram distribution of an image; b) computing entropy values corresponding to gray levels in the histogram; and c) gaining a minimum entropy value corresponding to the gray level as the threshold value by using a fixed point iteration FPI based on the computed entropy values.

Abstract: A method for finding the optimal threshold for image segmentation in image recognition is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: a) gaining histogram distribution of an image; b) computing entropy values corresponding to gray levels in the histogram; and c) gaining a minimum entropy value corresponding to the gray level as the threshold value by using a fixed point iteration FPI based on the computed entropy values.