Abstract: A method for processing optical proximity correction is disclosed which eliminates a need for repeated implementation of experiments and result in a reducing the processing time as compared to trial and error. Furthermore, the method can realize an optimal insertion of the assist pattern by applying different conditions to specific layers. The method includes determining whether or not to insert an assist pattern around an outermost pattern. A shape of the assist pattern inserted around the outermost pattern is determined. The contrast of the outermost pattern is compared against a contrast of a cell array pattern. The contrast of the outermost pattern is repeated compared with the contrast of the cell array pattern under a defocus state.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides an automated, continuous, real-time, substantially no downtime data protection service to one or more data sources associated with a set of application host servers. To facilitate the data protection service, a host driver embedded in an application server captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to other DMS components. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O and the like into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. The host driver includes an event processor. When an authorized user determines that a primary copy of the data in the host server has become incorrect or corrupted, the event processor can perform a recovery operation to an entire data source or a subset of the data source using former point-in-time data in the DMS. The recovery operation may have two phases.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for reducing a time division multiple access noise of a portable terminal are provided. The apparatus includes an interface unit to which an earphone is electrically connected, an audio processing unit including a virtual ground for transmitting and receiving an audio signal through the interface unit, a switch unit located electrically between the interface unit and the audio processing unit for electrically connecting a ground terminal of the interface unit with one of a real ground and the virtual ground of the audio processing unit, and a controller for controlling the switch unit to electrically connect the ground terminal of the interface unit with the virtual ground of the audio processing unit when a call function using the earphone is activated, and to electrically connect the ground terminal of the interface unit with the real ground when the call function using the earphone is deactivated.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for supporting a multiband wireless fidelity (WiFi). The method for supporting the multiband WIFI includes: assigning a category and a frequency band for traffic, based on one or more characteristics of the traffic; packetizing the traffic in a media access control (MAC) unit corresponding to the assigned frequency band; and transmitting the packetized traffic by using the assigned frequency band in a physical layer (PHY) unit corresponding to the assigned frequency band.

Abstract: A data management system (DMS) includes a continuous real-time object store that captures all real-time activities, with associated object metadata information. The DMS is capable of reintroducing any point-in-time view of data ranging from a granular object to an entire file system. A set of algorithms (for creation of a file or directory, modification of a file or directory, deletion of a file or directory, and relocation/renaming of a file or directory) are used to generate and maintain a file system history in the DMS and to ensure that a latest version of a directory always refers to a latest version of its children until the directory changed. Any point-in-time recovery is implemented using the file system history in one of various ways to provide strong individual file integrity, exact point-in-time crash consistency, and/or recovery of last version of all files in the file system.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides a wide range of data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. The data management system typically comprises one or more regions, with each region having one or more clusters. A given cluster has one or more nodes that share storage. To facilitate the data service, a host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver provides a method and apparatus for capturing real-time data transactions in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. Using the streams generated in this manner, the DMS offers a wide range of data services that include, by way of example only: data protection (and recovery), disaster recovery (data distribution and data replication), data copy, and data query and access.

Abstract: An efficient method to apply an erasure encoding and decoding scheme across dispersed data stores that receive constant updates. A data store is a persistent memory for storing a data block. Such data stores include, without limitation, a group of disks, a group of disk arrays, or the like. An encoding process applies a sequencing method to assign a sequence number to each data and checksum block as they are modified and updated onto their data stores. The method preferably uses the sequence number to identify data set consistency. The sequencing method allows for self-healing of each individual data store, and it maintains data consistency and correctness within a data block and among a group of data blocks. The inventive technique can be applied on many forms of distributed persistent data stores to provide failure resiliency and to maintain data consistency and correctness.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides a wide range of data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. The data management system typically comprises one or more regions, with each region having one or more clusters. A given cluster has one or more nodes that share storage. To facilitate the data service, a host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver provides a method and apparatus for capturing real-time data modifications and application state notifications and, in response, generating data transactions in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a distributed clustering method to allow multiple active instances of consistency management processes that apply the same encoding scheme to be cooperative and function collectively. The techniques described herein facilitate an efficient method to apply an erasure encoding and decoding scheme across dispersed data stores that receive constant updates. The technique can be applied on many forms of distributed persistent data stores to provide failure resiliency and to maintain data consistency and correctness.

Abstract: A method of merging cells in cognitive radio is provided. The method includes: requesting base stations to merge cells, measuring service ranges of the merged cells using the base stations, and exchanging cell-merging information between the base stations.

Abstract: A “forward” delta data management technique uses a “sparse” index associated with a delta file to achieve both delta management efficiency and to eliminate read latency while accessing history data. The invention may be implemented advantageously in a data management system that provides real-time data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. A host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. In particular, the driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. A given application-aware data stream is processed through a multi-stage data reduction process to produce a compact data representation from which an “any point-in-time” reconstruction of the original data can be made.

Abstract: A data management system that protects data into a continuous object store includes a management interface having a time control. The time control allows an administrator to specify a “past” time, such as a single point or range. When the time control is set to a single point, a hierarchical display of data appears on a display exactly as the data existed in the system at that moment in the past. The time control enables the management interface to operate within a history mode in which the display provides a visual representation of a “virtual” point in time in the past during which the data management system has been operative to provide the data protection service.

Abstract: A method of measuring a state of a plurality of channels is provided. The method includes transmitting to a second device test signal information needed to transmit/receive a test signal for measuring the state of the plurality of channels; receiving an information received response from the second device, indicating that the second device has received the test signal; if the information received response is received, transmitting the test signal to the second device, using the test signal information, via the plurality of channels; and receiving from the second device the state information regarding the plurality of channels which has been measured by using the test signal.

Abstract: A method for waking a device from a power save mode to an active mode includes: transmitting, by a first device, a magic packet through a predetermined channel to a second device, which operates in the power save mode by repeating a doze state and an awake state according to a predetermined period of time, for notifying the second device to switch to the active mode; and retransmitting the magic packet to the second device through the predetermined channel if a response to the magic packet has not been received from the second device and a predetermined time has not elapsed after transmitting the magic packet through the predetermined channel.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides an automated, continuous, real-time, substantially no downtime data protection service to one or more data sources associated with a set of application host servers. To facilitate the data protection service, a host driver embedded in an application server captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to other DMS components. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O and the like into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. The host driver includes an event processor. When an authorized user determines that a primary copy of the data in the host server has become incorrect or corrupted, the event processor can perform a recovery operation to an entire data source or a subset of the data source using former point-in-time data in the DMS. The recovery operation may have two phases.

Abstract: A “forward” delta data management technique uses a “sparse” index associated with a delta file to achieve both delta management efficiency and to eliminate read latency while accessing history data. The invention may be implemented advantageously in a data management system that provides real-time data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. To facilitate a given data service, a host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. In particular, the driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. The data management system typically comprises one or more regions, with each region having one or more clusters. A given cluster has one or more nodes that share storage. When providing continuous data protection and data distribution, the DMS nodes create distributed object storage to provide the necessary real-time data management services. The objects created by the DMS nodes are so-called active objects. The distributed object store can be built above raw storage devices, a traditional file system, a special purpose file system, a clustered file system, a database, and so on. According to the present invention, the DMS active object store provides an indexing service to the active objects. In an illustrative embodiment, any object property that has a given attribute is indexed and, as a result, the attribute becomes searchable.

Abstract: A method of measuring a state of a plurality of channels is provided. The method includes transmitting to a second device test signal information needed to transmit/receive a test signal for measuring the state of the plurality of channels; receiving an information received response from the second device, indicating that the second device has received the test signal; if the information received response is received, transmitting the test signal to the second device, using the test signal information, via the plurality of channels; and receiving from the second device the state information regarding the plurality of channels which has been measured by using the test signal.

Abstract: A data management system that protects data into a continuous object store includes a management interface having a time control. The time control allows an administrator to specify a “past” time, such as a single point or range. When the time control is set to a single point, a hierarchical display of data appears on a display exactly as the data existed in the system at that moment in the past. The time control enables the management interface to operate within a history mode in which the display provides a visual representation of a “virtual” point in time in the past during which the data management system has been operative to provide the data protection service.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of switching a channel under wireless network circumstances is provided, which can secure network resources by performing channel switching and channel bonding with an adjacent network if the network resources of the currently participating network are insufficient in performing wireless data communications. The apparatus includes a message analysis unit analyzing at least one received channel information message and confirming whether a channel corresponding to the channel information message and a channel adjacent to the channel are usable, a channel switching unit performing a channel switching with a usable target channel among the channels with reference to whether the confirmed channel and the adjacent channels are usable, in accordance with a result of determining whether network resources of a currently used channel are insufficient, and a channel bonding unit performing a channel bonding between the channel-switched target channel and the adjacent channels.