Abstract: Provided is a method of encoding an audio/speech signal, the method including determining a variable length of a frame, that is, a processing unit of an input signal in accordance with a position of an attack in the input signal; transforming each frame of the input signal to a frequency domain and dividing the frame into a plurality of sub frequency bands; and, if a signal of a sub frequency band is determined to be encoded in the frequency domain, encoding the signal of the sub frequency band in the frequency domain, and if the signal of the sub frequency band is determined to be encoded in a time domain, inverse transforming the signal of the sub frequency band to the time domain and encoding the inverse transformed signal in the time domain. According to the present invention, the audio/speech signal may be efficiently encoded by controlling time resolution and frequency resolution.

Abstract: Provided are water treatment apparatus and method for controlling water treatment apparatus. The water treatment apparatus includes a filtering unit including a deionizing filter removing total dissolved solids contained in inflow water by an application of power, a water output unit outputting water filtered by the filtering unit; and a control unit controlling power that is applied to the deionizing filter to control total dissolved solids (TDS) contained in water filtered by the deionizing filter, or a reduction rate of total dissolved solids by the deionizing filter.

Abstract: An error concealment method and apparatus for an audio signal and a decoding method and apparatus for an audio signal using the error concealment method and apparatus. The error concealment method includes selecting one of an error concealment in a frequency domain and an error concealment in a time domain as an error concealment scheme for a current frame based on a predetermined criteria when an error occurs in the current frame, selecting one of a repetition scheme and an interpolation scheme in the frequency domain as the error concealment scheme for the current frame based on a predetermined criteria when the error concealment in the frequency domain is selected, and concealing the error of the current frame using the selected scheme.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell including an inorganic dye containing all of Pb, Hg and S as a photo-sensitive dye and a manufacturing method of the same are provided.

Abstract: Provided are a data processing method and device using a window. The data processing method may include caching data by applying a window to data stored in a memory on a per channel basis, and transmitting the cached data to a core processor using location information of a point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing audio data are provided. When an encoded audio bitstream sampled at a sampling frequency is received, a resampling ratio for processing the encoded audio bitstream is computed. If the the resampling ratio is within the resampling threshold range, then the encoded audio bitstream is processed in frequency domain and a desired number of audio samples per frame are outputted according to the resampling ratio. The encoded audio bitstream is processed in frequency domain using sample rate converter integrated into a filter bank of an audio decoder. If the resampling ratio is outside the resampling threshold range, then the encoded audio bitstream is processed in time domain and a desired number of audio samples per frame are outputted according to the resampling ratio.

Abstract: There is provided a power amplifier including an amplifying unit having at least two cascode amplifiers connected in parallel to amplify an input signal; and a bias supply unit supplying bias power to a common gate node of the two cascode amplifiers, and removing a signal of a pre-set frequency band corresponding to a baseband at the common gate node by controlling impedance of the common gate node.

Abstract: Provided is a method of encoding an audio/speech signal, the method including determining a variable length of a frame, that is, a processing unit of an input signal in accordance with a position of an attack in the input signal; transforming each frame of the input signal to a frequency domain and dividing the frame into a plurality of sub frequency bands; and, if a signal of a sub frequency band is determined to be encoded in the frequency domain, encoding the signal of the sub frequency band in the frequency domain, and if the signal of the sub frequency band is determined to be encoded in a time domain, inverse transforming the signal of the sub frequency band to the time domain and encoding the inverse transformed signal in the time domain. According to the present invention, the audio/speech signal may be efficiently encoded by controlling time resolution and frequency resolution.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to convert a linear predictive coding (LPC) coefficient into a coefficient having order characteristics, such as a line spectrum frequency (LSF), and to vector quantize the coefficient having the order characteristics when a speech signal is encoded. The method and apparatus split the vector of the coefficient having the order characteristics into a plurality of subvectors, select a codebook in which an available bit is variably allocated to each subvector according to distribution of elements of each subvector, and quantize each subvector according to the selected codebook. The method and apparatus use normalized codebooks.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a dispersing method of a carbon nanotube comprising: the first step of mixing a carbon nanotube aggregate, a magnetic material and a dispersant; and the second step of applying a magnetic field to the mixture obtained in the first step to disperse the carbon nanotube aggregate, a dispersing apparatus of a carbon nanotube, and a carbon nanotube dispersion obtained thereby. A carbon nanotube aggregate can be more effectively dispersed without damaging a carbon nanotube by the dispersing method of a carbon nanotube according to the present disclosure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of generating a sound field effect is provided. The sound field effect generating apparatus may generate a frequency coefficient that is frequency-transformed from a direct signal, may generate a reflection signal from the frequency coefficient, may generate an output signal using the frequency coefficient and the reflection signal, and may perform an inverse-frequency transform of the output signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to extract an important frequency component of an audio signal and a method and apparatus to encode and/or decode an audio signal by using the same. The method of extracting an important frequency component of an audio signal includes converting an audio signal of a time domain into an audio signal of a frequency domain, selecting a frequency band having a harmonic feature from the converted audio signal of the frequency domain, and extracting an important frequency component from the selected frequency band having the harmonic feature.

Abstract: An error concealment method and apparatus for an audio signal and a decoding method and apparatus for an audio signal using the error concealment method and apparatus. The error concealment method includes selecting one of an error concealment in a frequency domain and an error concealment in a time domain as an error concealment scheme for a current frame based on a predetermined criteria when an error occurs in the current frame, selecting one of a repetition scheme and an interpolation scheme in the frequency domain as the error concealment scheme for the current frame based on a predetermined criteria when the error concealment in the frequency domain is selected, and concealing the error of the current frame using the selected scheme.

Abstract: A speech compression apparatus including: a first band-transform unit transforming a wideband speech signal to a narrowband low-band speech signal; a narrowband speech compressor compressing the narrowband low-band speech signal and outputting a result of the compressing as a low-band speech packet; a decompression unit decompressing the low-band speech packet and obtaining a decompressed wideband low-band speech signal; an error detection unit detecting an error signal that corresponds to a difference between the wideband speech signal and the decompressed wideband low-band speech signal; and a high-band speech compression unit compressing the error signal and a high-band speech signal of the wideband speech signal and outputting the result of the compressing as a high-band speech packet.

Abstract: An audio processing apparatus and method for a mobile device are provided. The audio processing apparatus and method may appropriately determine sound source localizations corresponding to a voice signal and an audio signal, and thereby may simultaneously provide a voice call service and a multimedia service. Also, the audio processing apparatus and method may guarantee quality of the voice call service even when simultaneously providing the voice call service and the multimedia service.

Abstract: There is provided a power amplifier capable of increasing linear output power and efficiency without sacrificing an overall gain by employing a vector modulation function in a driving stage, with no separate vector modulator. The power amplifier includes a driving stage performing vector-modulation on an input RF signal to provide an I channel signal and a Q channel signal having different phases and amplifying the I channel signal and the Q channel signal to set gains; and a power stage amplifying power levels of the signals amplified by the driving stage.

Abstract: An apparatus to compress a wide-band speech signal, the apparatus including a narrow-band speech compressor to compress a low-band speech signal of the wide-band speech signal and output the compressed low-band speech signal as a low-band speech packet; and a high-band speech compressor to compress a high-band speech signal of the wide-band speech signal using energy information of the low-band speech signal provided from the narrow-band speech compressor, and outputs the compressed high-band speech signal as a high-band speech packet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing audio data using low power are provided. The apparatus may reproduce the audio data by determining a power mode based on a memory resource of an internal memory, and an amount of a memory required for reproducing the audio data, controlling a power based on the determined power mode, and decoding the audio data.

Abstract: A broadband wireless system includes an antenna receiving a broadband wireless signal, a reception unit receiving and processing the broadband wireless signal from the antenna and converting the broadband wireless signal into a first intermediate frequency signal, a signal distribution unit converting a first intermediate frequency signal into second intermediate frequency signals which are equal to one another, a parallel amplification unit generating third intermediate frequency signals which are obtained by amplifying the individual second intermediate frequency signals provided from the signal distribution unit with different amplification rates, a parallel analog-to-digital conversion unit performing analog-to-digital conversion of the individual third intermediate frequency signals from the parallel amplification unit and generating discrete intermediate frequency signals, and an execution system selecting any one of the individual discrete intermediate frequency signals by analyzing the individual disc

Abstract: There is provided a multi-mode power amplifier operable in a low power mode having a preset power range and in a high power mode having a power range higher than the power range of the low power mode. The multi-mode power amplifier includes: a high power amplifying unit including at least one cascode amplifier to amplify an input signal to a high power level having a preset power range; a low power amplifying unit sharing a common source node of the at least one cascode amplifier to amplify the input signal to a low power level having a power range lower than the high power level; and a coupling unit coupling a transfer path of a signal output from the high power amplifying unit and a transfer path of a signal output from the low power amplifying unit to each other.