Abstract: Compositions are disclosed that comprise a piezoelectric material according to Chemical Formula 1: (1?y)(NaaK1-a)(Nb1-x,Sbx)-ySrZrO3+n mol % CuO, wherein 0.01?y?0.10, 0.4?a?0.6, 0?x?0.06, and 0.5?n?1.5. The compositions can further comprise a first material, and a second material surrounded by the first material. A piezoelectric device is also described, which includes a piezoelectric device layer including a composition of Chemical Formula 1, and having a first material layer and a second material layer surrounded by the first material layer; a first electrode part disposed on a first surface of the piezoelectric device layer; and a second electrode part disposed on a second surface facing the first surface.

Abstract: A vibration apparatus comprises a lower vibration structure, an upper vibration structure on the lower vibration structure, and an adhesive member between the lower vibration structure and the upper vibration structure. The lower vibration structure and the upper vibration structure are configured to generate sound waves having different frequencies.

Abstract: Display panel and display apparatus including the same. A display panel includes a first substrate including a display portion configured to display an image, a second substrate attached to the first substrate by an adhesive member, and a vibration generating module within the adhesive member to overlap the display portion. The vibration generating module is surrounded by the second substrate and the adhesive member.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel displaying an image and a vibration generating device disposed on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel. The vibration generating device includes a piezoelectric structure including a first region and a second region, the first region has a vibration characteristic of a first frequency, and the second region has a vibration characteristic of a second frequency which differs from the first frequency.

Abstract: Display panel and display apparatus including the same. A display panel includes a first substrate including a display portion configured to display an image, a second substrate attached to the first substrate by an adhesive member, and a vibration generating module within the adhesive member to overlap the display portion. The vibration generating module is surrounded by the second substrate and the adhesive member.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generating devices configured to vibrate the display panel. Each of the plurality of vibration generating devices includes a plurality of first portions having a piezoelectric characteristic and a plurality of second portions disposed near the plurality of first portions to have an expansion coefficient, and the plurality of vibration generating devices have different expansion coefficients.

Abstract: A composite piezoelectric element and an electronic device having the same are disclosed, in which the composite piezoelectric element includes insulating films and piezoelectric bodies, which are alternately arranged, wherein the piezoelectric bodies may be categorized into general piezoelectric bodies used as at least one of a haptic actuator, a speaker actuator and a receiver actuator, and a finger scan recognition piezoelectric body for finger scan recognition.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a vibration generating device configured to vibrate the display panel. The vibration generating device includes a plurality of first portions having a piezoelectric characteristic, and a plurality of second portions disposed between the plurality of first portions to have flexibility.

Abstract: A flexible vibration module is disclosed. The flexible vibration module includes a piezoelectric composite layer, including: a plurality of piezoelectric portions each having a piezoelectric characteristic, where at least two of the plurality of piezoelectric portions have different sizes; and a flexible portion between the plurality of piezoelectric portions.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generating devices on a rear surface of the display panel, the display panel being at least one of a vibration plate configured to output sound and a vibration plate configured to output a haptic vibration. Each of the plurality of vibration generating devices includes a first electrode under the display panel, a piezoelectric member under the first electrode, a damping member in a periphery the piezoelectric member, and a second electrode under the piezoelectric member.

Abstract: Provided are a touch sensitive element and a display device including the same. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a touch sensitive element, includes: an electroactive layer which is formed of electroactive polymer (EAP); an electrode which is disposed on at least one surface of the electroactive layer; and a hard coating layer which is disposed on the electroactive layer and the electrode and has a negative coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Therefore, vibration effect in a vertical direction is maximized and impact resistance may be improved.

Abstract: A sensor panel includes a substrate; a sensing part on the substrate and including a plurality of sensors; and a partition wall between adjacent sensors, wherein each sensor includes a first sensor electrode, a piezoelectric layer and a second sensor electrode, and wherein the partition wall has a lower dielectric constant than the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A flexible vibration module is disclosed. The flexible vibration module includes a piezoelectric composite layer, including: a plurality of piezoelectric portions each having a piezoelectric characteristic, where at least two of the plurality of piezoelectric portions have different sizes; and a flexible portion between the plurality of piezoelectric portions.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generating devices on a rear surface of the display panel, the display panel being at least one of a vibration plate configured to output sound and a vibration plate configured to output a haptic vibration. Each of the plurality of vibration generating devices includes a first electrode under the display panel, a piezoelectric member under the first electrode, a damping member in a periphery the piezoelectric member, and a second electrode under the piezoelectric member.

Abstract: A sensor panel includes a substrate; a sensing part on the substrate and including a plurality of sensors; and a partition wall between adjacent sensors, wherein each sensor includes a first sensor electrode, a piezoelectric layer and a second sensor electrode, and wherein the partition wall has a lower dielectric constant than the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: Provided are a contact sensitive device, a display apparatus including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same. The contact sensitive device includes an electroactive layer formed of an electroactive polymer having a plurality of nano pores and an electrode disposed on at least one surface of the electroactive layer. The electroactive layer has a ?-phase structure and improved piezoelectricity without performing a stretching process or a polling process.

Abstract: Display panel and display apparatus including the same. A display panel includes a first substrate including a display portion configured to display an image, a second substrate attached to the first substrate by an adhesive member, and a vibration generating module within the adhesive member to overlap the display portion. The vibration generating module is surrounded by the second substrate and the adhesive member.

Abstract: A flexible vibration module is disclosed. The flexible vibration module includes a piezoelectric composite layer, including: a plurality of piezoelectric portions each having a piezoelectric characteristic, where at least two of the plurality of piezoelectric portions have different sizes; and a flexible portion between the plurality of piezoelectric portions.

Abstract: Provided are a touch sensitive element and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method for the touch sensitive element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes forming an electroactive polymer coating layer by applying an electroactive polymer solution on a substrate; forming an electroactive layer by heating and pressurizing the electroactive polymer coating layer using a hot press roller; and forming an electrode on the electroactive layer.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes a display panel, a vibration transfer layer, and a touch sensitive element. The vibration transfer layer is disposed under the display panel and has a plurality of openings. The touch sensitive element is disposed under the vibration transfer layer.