Abstract: An electrode for an electrochemical device has a lower layer zone and an upper layer zone, wherein different types of granules are contained in the lower layer zone and the upper layer zone. In addition, the electrode includes an intermediate layer zone disposed between the lower layer zone and the upper layer zone and having an interface formed by undulating concave and convex portions having a quadrangular shape. The electrode shows an increased ion diffusion rate and electrode capacity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a substrate. The method for treating a substrate comprises: treating the substrate with liquid; and drying the liquid-treated substrate, and the liquid treatment step includes: a first liquid supply step of supplying a first liquid to an upper surface of the rotating substrate; and a second liquid supply step of supplying a second liquid to an upper surface of the rotating substrate, and in the second liquid supply step, a rotation speed of the substrate is adjusted such that the second liquid supplied on the substrate flows from a central region of the substrate to an edge region of the substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein may enable user equipment to confirm and/or change a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication configuration selected by a network, such as to change a number of data layers used in the MIMO communication and/or to change one or more antennas used in the MIMO communication. The user equipment may confirm and/or change the MIMO communication configuration based on transmit power levels associated with the one or more antennas, a distance between power amplifiers and respective antennas, or the like, as described herein.

Abstract: A lithium salt-free composite solid electrolyte membrane and a preparation method thereof are provided. The composition of the lithium salt-free composite solid electrolyte membrane includes: micro-nanoscale garnet-type solid electrolyte and polymer; where a mass ratio of the micro-nanoscale garnet-type solid electrolyte to the polymer is (60-100):(5-40); a particle size of the micro-nanoscale garnet-type solid electrolyte is 100 nm-2 ?m. The disclosure also provides a preparation method for the lithium salt-free composite solid electrolyte membrane. The lithium salt-free composite solid electrolyte membrane prepared by the disclosure has controllable morphology and thickness, and does not need to add lithium salt and be equipped with anhydrous and inert environment atmosphere, so that the production cost can be significantly reduced, and large-scale production is easy.

Abstract: A treatment liquid supply apparatus includes a discharge line through which treatment liquid is discharged from a substrate processing apparatus; a first tank storing recovered treatment liquid, recovered through the discharge line; a treatment liquid supply unit supplying new treatment liquid to the discharge line through a first transfer line; a first heating unit disposed between the treatment liquid supply unit and the discharge line and controlling a temperature of the new treatment liquid passing through the first transfer line; and a second tank resupplying the recovered treatment liquid supplied from the first tank through a second transfer line to the substrate processing apparatus through a supply line.

Abstract: An embodiment of a flame-retardant electrode includes a flame-retardant layer between an electrode current collector and an electrode active material layer, and an embodiment of an all-solid-state battery including the same, in which the flame-retardant layer includes a flame retardant configured such that the surface of a flame-retardant material is coated with a conductive material, thereby increasing thermal stability and adhesion to the electrode current collector.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a device isolation region is provided. The semiconductor device includes first active regions disposed on a substrate, and an isolation region between the active regions. The isolation region includes a first portion formed of a first insulating material, and a second portion formed of a second insulating material, having different characteristics from those of the first insulating material. The first portion is closer to the first active regions than the second portion. The second portion has a bottom surface having a height different from that of a bottom surface of the first portion.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing pad including a polishing layer, wherein the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 13C spectrum of a processed composition prepared by adding 1 g of the polishing layer to a 0.3 M aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and allowing the mixture to react in a closed container at a temperature of 150° C. for 48 hours includes a first peak appearing at 15 ppm to 18 ppm, a second peak appearing at 9 ppm to 11 ppm, a third peak appearing at 138 ppm to 143 ppm, and a fourth peak appearing at 55 ppm to 65 ppm, and the softening control index calculated by Equation 1 is 0.10 to 0.45. The polishing pad includes the polishing layer having physical properties corresponding to the softening control index, and thus may exhibit a removal rate and defect prevention performance within desired ranges in polishing of a polishing target.

Abstract: A method of retrieving a document according to an embodiment of the present application includes: acquiring a user retrieval query; calculating a user inquiry vector in a unit of sentence from the user retrieval query and acquiring a first document candidate group based on similarity between the calculated user inquiry vector and an embedding vector of a document stored in a retrieval database; acquiring a second document candidate group based on similarity between a text included in the user retrieval query and a text of the document stored in the retrieval database; and determining a summarization target document based on the first document candidate group and the second document candidate group.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a first board including a plurality of first insulating layers and a plurality of first wiring layers disposed between the plurality of first insulating layers, respectively; and a second board disposed on one surface of the first board and including a plurality of second insulating layers and a plurality of second wiring layers disposed on or between the plurality of second insulating layers, respectively. At least one of the plurality of first insulating layers has a thickness less than a thickness of at least one of the plurality of second insulating layers. The first board further includes a through-via penetrating each of the plurality of first insulating layers and connected to one of the plurality of second wiring layers.

Abstract: A flexible display device including a substrate, a light emitting layer, a first insulating layer, and a conductive layer. The substrate includes a bent region and a non-bent region. The light emitting layer overlaps the non-bent region. The first insulating layer is disposed on the substrate. The conductive layer is disposed on the first insulating layer. A sidewall of the first insulating layer includes a first tapered surface. The first tapered surface includes at least three curved surface portions continuously arranged with one another.

Abstract: The invention provides an electric valve including a valve core, an actuating assembly to actuate the valve core and a housing receiving the valve core and the actuating assembly. The housing is provided with a partition plate dividing an internal space of the housing into a first space and a second space. The valve core and the actuating assembly are respectively accommodated in the first and second space and connected with each other via a through hole defined in a centre of the partition plate. The partition plate defines at least one diversion groove communicating with the through hole. Said at least one diversion groove extends through a sidewall of the housing.

Abstract: A method for preparing a finerenone intermediate compound of formula I from a diastereomeric tartrate by means of racemic resolution is provided. A compound of formula I having an ee value higher than 99.5% can be obtained. The preparation method provided has mild reaction conditions, simple post-treatment, and no special reagents required, and is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: In an method for detecting a closed loop in MRI: 3D coordinates of key characteristic points of an MRI examination subject are acquired; the 3D coordinates of the key characteristic points are adapted to a 3D body standard model, to obtain a 3D virtual body model of the examination subject; 3D surface regions of pre-designated body parts are extracted from the 3D virtual body model; based on pre-defined body parts where skin contact is likely to occur, a distance between 3D surface regions of two body parts in each body part pair are calculated; and in response to the distance between the 3D surface regions of the two body parts in any body part pair being less than a preset first threshold, a risk of a closed loop in the examination subject is determined.

Abstract: A display driving circuit, a method for driving a display panel, and a display device are provided, relating to display technologies. The display driving circuit includes a first display driving circuit, a second display driving circuit, a power circuit and a TCON circuit. The first display driving circuit is configured to send a first control signal to the second display driving circuit in response to that a level of the first power signal sent by the power circuit reaches a second level, and send a second control signal to the second display driving circuit in response to that a level of the communication indication signal sent by the TCON circuit reaches a fourth level; the second display driving circuit is configured to: turn off the plurality of pixels in response to the first control signal, and drive the plurality of pixels in response to the second control signal.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a first gate electrode on a substrate, a gate insulating film on the first gate electrode, a first active layer on the gate insulating film, a drain electrode on one side of the first active layer, a sidewall spacer on a side wall of the drain electrode, and a first source electrode provided on the other side of the first active layer and a sidewall of the sidewall spacer.

Abstract: A first housing and a second housing of a foldable device are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft mechanism. A first chamber is provided between a flexible display of the device and the first housing, a second chamber is provided between the flexible display of the device and the second housing, and a third chamber is provided between the flexible display of the device and the rotating shaft mechanism. A flexible thermal sheet is disposed in space formed by the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber. The flexible thermal sheet is fastened to the first housing, passes through the third chamber along the flexible display, and extends to the second chamber. The flexible thermal sheet slidably cooperates with the rotating shaft mechanism, the second housing, and parts that correspond to the rotating shaft mechanism and the second housing and that are of the flexible display.

Abstract: A rear seat apparatus for a vehicle includes a back frame and a cushion frame. The back frame is not interlocked with the cushion frame and is individually rotated in the forward-and-rearward direction independently of the cushion frame. The cushion frame is not interlocked with the back frame and individually slides in the forward-and-rearward direction independently of the back frame. A front seating state and a rear seating state of a passenger are implemented through individual sliding movement of the cushion frame in the forward-and-rearward direction.

Abstract: Disclosed are an intra prediction method of a chrominance block using a luminance sample and an apparatus using the same. An image decoding method comprises the steps of: calculating an intra prediction mode of a chrominance block on the basis of an LM mapping table when the chrominance block uses an LM; and generating a prediction block for the chrominance block on the basis of the calculated intra prediction mode of the chrominance block. When intra prediction mode information of chrominance blocks are decoded, mutually different tables are used depending on whether or not an LM is used, so that encoding and decoding can be performed without an unnecessary waste of bits.