Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses tobacco material including: a center portion including a flavor material; and an outer portion including a tobacco mixture, wherein the outer portion surrounds the center portion.

Abstract: A peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) device includes a common function performing operations associated with a PCIe interface according to a function type, the common function being programmable to be a function type selected from a plurality function types, an access identification information controller generating first access identification information for allowing an access to the common function, and providing the first access identification information to an assigned system image to which the common function has been assigned, a data packet receiver receiving a data packet including target identification information indicating a target system image from the target system image, and an access allowance determiner determining whether or not to allow the target system image to access the common function based on the first access identification information and the target identification information.

Abstract: An improved EMS (Energy Management System) of ESS (Energy Storage System)—connected photovoltaic power system is provided, where the economic efficiency of the microgrid power transaction is maximized by minimizing the amount paid to the power system as a result of optimal operation as to the energy supply and demand in the process of transacting power surplus/shortage with the power system, the responsiveness to passive resource energy forecasting of supply and demand is improved by resolving the uncertainty of solar power generation forecasting and load forecasting, the deterioration of the available storage capacity of ESS is minimized, and contribution to solving the nation's power supply shortage is made by the operation based on the detailed identification of energy storage status of ESS.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compressor having an improved oil supply structure. The compressor includes: a case; a stator, accommodated in the case, and including a stator core; a rotor rotatably disposed in an inside of the stator core; a bracket coupled to a lower portion of the stator core; a rotation shaft configured to rotate together with the rotor, and having a cavity for raising oil stored in the case; a pickup shaft accommodated in the cavity; and a support member connected to the pickup shaft to support the pickup shaft, and coupled to the bracket.

Abstract: A demand response apparatus receives from a supply resource utilizing apparatus a signal indicating whether power supply from the demand response apparatus to the supply resource utilizing apparatus is possible, estimates a first power usage of the demand response apparatus for a first time interval, changes an operation of the demand response apparatus, estimates a second power usage for a second time interval after the changing of the operation of the demand response apparatus, calculates supply power available to the supply resource utilizing apparatus based on the estimated first power usage and the estimated second power usage, and transmits information about the available supply power to the supply resource utilizing apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for collecting power from distributed power supply resources are provided. The method includes transmitting a signal for inquiring whether supply of demand-side power supply resources is possible to a providing side that provides demand-side power supply resources, selecting demand-side power supply resources to be utilized, based on power supply resource-related information for each of available demand-side power supply resources, which is received from the providing side, and notifying the selection results to the selected demand-side power supply resources.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for collecting power from distributed power supply resources are provided. The method includes transmitting a signal for inquiring whether supply of demand-side power supply resources is possible to a providing side that provides demand-side power supply resources, selecting demand-side power supply resources to be utilized, based on power supply resource-related information for each of available demand-side power supply resources, which is received from the providing side, and notifying the selection results to the selected demand-side power supply resources.

Abstract: A method for controlling power consumption by an electricity storage apparatus is provided. The method includes receiving, from a utilizing side, an inquiry request signal for inquiring whether power supply from the electricity storage apparatus is possible, inquiring an amount of charged power from the electricity storage apparatus compared to a capacity of the electricity storage apparatus, comparing a required amount of power, which is included in the inquiry request signal, with the amount of charged power, and based on the comparison result, determining an amount of power to supply to the utilizing side and whether to switch to an operation mode of supplying the amount of power to the utilizing side, and upon determining to switch to the operation mode, checking an amount of available supply power in accordance with the operation mode, and transmitting information about the checked amount of available supply power to the utilizing side.

Abstract: A demand response apparatus receives from a supply resource utilizing apparatus a signal indicating whether power supply from the demand response apparatus to the supply resource utilizing apparatus is possible, estimates a first power usage of the demand response apparatus for a first time interval, changes an operation of the demand response apparatus, estimates a second power usage for a second time interval after the changing of the operation of the demand response apparatus, calculates supply power available to the supply resource utilizing apparatus based on the estimated first power usage and the estimated second power usage, and transmits information about the available supply power to the supply resource utilizing apparatus.

Abstract: A hermetic compressor capable of appropriately injecting oil from an eccentric unit of a rotating shaft in accordance with amounts required by respective regions. The hermetic compressor comprises a compression chamber in which a refrigerant is compressed, a piston to compress the refrigerant in the compression chamber, a rotating shaft to provide a drive force to advance or retreat the piston in the compression chamber, the rotating shaft having an oil path formed therein, a hollow eccentric unit to eccentrically rotate as the rotating shaft rotates, a bushing coupled to the eccentric unit and having a closed surface to close an opening of the eccentric unit, and an oil injection port formed at the bushing to determine an injection direction and injection degree of oil injected along an inner peripheral surface of the eccentric unit.

Abstract: A cylinder assembly of a hermetic compressor has a valve plate disposed on an outer side of a cylinder block to cover an open side of a cylinder, the valve plate defines a refrigerant discharge hole therethrough which is adapted to discharge a compressed refrigerant from the cylinder. A cylinder head disposed to cover the outer side of the valve plate defines a refrigerant discharge chamber in cooperation with the valve plate. A discharge valve is disposed between the valve plate and the cylinder head in a cantilever fashion with a central portion thereof covering the refrigerant discharge hole. A restricting mechanism comprising a first stopper member protruding from an inner wall of the cylinder head a distance such that a terminal edge of the first stopper member is at a predetermined distance from a free end of the discharge valve for restricting movement of the discharge valve.

Abstract: A cylinder assembly of a hermetic compressor has a valve plate disposed on an outer side of a cylinder block to cover an open side of a cylinder, the valve plate defines a refrigerant discharge hole therethrough which is adapted to discharge a compressed refrigerant from the cylinder. A cylinder head disposed to cover the outer side of the valve plate defines a refrigerant discharge chamber in cooperation with the valve plate. A discharge valve is disposed between the valve plate and the cylinder head in a cantilever fashion with a central portion thereof covering the refrigerant discharge hole. A restricting mechanism comprising a first stopper member protruding from an inner wall of the cylinder head a distance such that a terminal edge of the first stopper member is at a predetermined distance from a free end of the discharge valve for restricting movement of the discharge valve.