Abstract: A transdermal composition comprising tolterodine having improved storage stability is disclosed. The transdermal composition comprising tolterodine contains an antioxidant to stabilize tolterodine and can be stored for a long period of time.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a broadcasting receiving method thereof are provided. The display apparatus which receives a broadcasting signal from an external server through a network, the display apparatus including: a communication unit which receives channel information and channel data from a plurality of broadcasting signals; a display unit; a signal processor which processes the channel information and the channel data; and a controller which controls the signal processor to display the channel information on the display unit in a preset arrangement, requests channel data of a selected channel and candidate channels adjacent to the selected channel in at least two preset directions if the channel is selected by a user, and receives the channel data of the selected channel and the candidate channels from the server.

Abstract: A method of inputting data into a wireless terminal and wireless terminal implementing the same are provided, in which first data is input in data input mode, at least one pixel value of the first data detected is registered at a predetermined reference position, second data is input, at least one pixel value of the second data detected at the predetermined reference position is registered, the registered pixel value of the first data is compared with the registered pixel value of the second data, and the pixel value of the second data comprising the same value as the registered pixel value of the first data is tracked. Accordingly, an opposite direction of the data moving direction is determined as the moving direction of the wireless terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method provide effective video transmission in a communication system that supports an Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) service between heterogeneous networks. A request for a contiguous service is received from a terminal during a mid-point of a video stream. A delay time that may be generated when the video contents are transmitted is estimated for each of a patching type and a fast broadcasting type. A transmission type with a shorter delay time for the video contents is determined based on the estimated delay time for each of the patching type and the fast broadcasting type. And the video contents are transmitted to the terminal by applying the determined transmission type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus perform channel scanning in a wireless communication system. A signal intensity of an Access Point (AP) is compared with a scanning threshold, when the AP signal intensity not less than the scanning threshold, a channel scanning schedule list is generated in consideration of a scan time based on a passive channel scan scheme and a scan time based on an active channel scan scheme. The channel scanning is performed every channel scanning time, according to the channel scanning schedule list.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a handover method and apparatus for providing mobile Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) service over wireless communication networks. The handover method includes checking whether the strength of a signal received from a first base station of a serving first wireless network falls within a predetermined first threshold range; if the strength of the signal falls within the range, checking whether the strength of a signal received from at least one base station of a second wireless network is higher than a second threshold value required for handover; estimating the velocity and direction of a Mobile Node (MN) using location information received from a satellite; predicting a handover target base station using the estimated velocity and estimated location information; and, if the predicted target base station is one of base stations having the second threshold value, performing handover to the target base station.

Abstract: A first terminal shares a digital marker edited in a digital marker editing mode and an object corresponding to the edited digital marker with a second terminal using a wireless communication technology. If a digital marker is displayed on an image display unit of the first terminal, the second terminal photographs the digital marker using a camera, and synthesizes an object corresponding to the photographed digital marker with a real-time video image obtained through the camera to display a merged image as augmented reality. Then, the second terminal receives input information for changing the digital marker from a user, and transmits the received input information to the first terminal. The first terminal changes a digital marker using the input information received from the second terminal. The second terminal photographs the changed digital marker, and displays an object corresponding to the changed digital marker.

Abstract: A method and system for Multicast Broadcast Service (MBS) over Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) network using dynamic modification of Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level are provided. The method comprises deciding MCS level for transmission between base station (BS) and relay station (RS), deciding MCS level for transmission between the BS and RS, and transmitting an MCS control message to the RS informing of the MCS level for transmission between the RS and the MS comprises calculating spectrum efficiency of the MS (ME), and selecting MCS level corresponding to the ME as optimum MCS level for the transmission between the RS and the MS.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless sensor network operating method considering energy efficiency. The method for operating a wireless sensor network including clusters of sensor nodes includes: selecting a cluster head based on residual energy amounts of the sensor nodes by increasing a probability that a sensor node with a greater amount of residual energy than the others is selected as a cluster head; transmitting an advertisement message from the selected cluster head to the sensor nodes to form a cluster; and transmitting sensing data acquired in each sensor node to the cluster head. Accordingly, this method can extend lifespan of sensor nodes by not transmitting/receiving data on residual energy amounts and positions between sensor nodes, and increase the entire lifespan of a wireless sensor network by reducing a probability that a sensor node having a relatively small residual energy amount is selected as a cluster head consuming much energy.

Abstract: A broadcast receiver and a channel changing method are provided. The broadcast receiver includes a first receiver which receives broadcast data of a plurality of channels; a second receiver which receives a plurality of keys input sequentially to select one of the plurality of channels; and a controller which processes a changeable channel among a plurality of channels corresponding to at least one key input first among the plurality of keys input before a completion of the input of the plurality of keys from the second receiver.

Abstract: A system for effectively pre-distributing keys for a distributed sensor network is disclosed, The system includes: a plurality of sensor nodes, each of which has a sensing function, a calculation function, and a wireless communication function; and a base station which is connected to the sensor nodes over a wireless network, receives data from the sensor nodes, acts as a data central station, and distributes keys for inter-sensornode security authentication to the sensor nodes. A key management unit contained in the base station, generates a set of the sensor nodes used for security authentication between the sensor nodes, decomposes the set of the sensor nodes into a plurality of matrices, distributes the matrices to the sensor nodes, and allows the sensor nodes to search for a common private key required for the security authentication using the received matrices. Therefore, the system can always search for a common private key between the sensor nodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty and useful as a transdermal drug delivery system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty to the conventional acid salts of tolterodine, which is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of overactive bladder and can be formulated into a transdermal drug delivery system.

Abstract: Provided are an agent platform, a multi agent system, and a message transmitting/receiving method thereof. The message transmitting/receiving method for a multi agent platform including a first agent platform for managing at least one of a first agent and a second agent and at least one of a second agent platform for managing at least one of a third agent, includes: receiving a plurality of messages from the first agent at the first agent platform; assigning a priority to the received message according to a message type of the message at the first agent platform; and transmitting the message to the second agent or the second agent platform according to the priority.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lyophilized pharmaceutical composition for injection having superior storage stability comprising a taxoid, and a method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lyophilized pharmaceutical composition for injection having improved solubility and stability of dilution compared to the conventional preparations by dissolving a water-insoluble taxoid in distilled water added with a hydrophilic polymer such as hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) cyclodextrin (CD), and lyophilizing the mixture and a method thereof.

Abstract: A channel switching method and system for IPTV for reducing channel switching delay and improving bandwidth utilization efficiency is provided. The channel switching method includes pre-joining candidate channels while playing broadcast data on a main channel, the candidate channels being stored in a candidate channel table; releasing the pre-joined candidate channels, when a channel holding time of the main channel is greater than a predetermined channel holding time level; and re-joining the released candidate channels before a completion of playing the broadcast data on the main channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating channel bandwidths in a wireless IPTV system is provided. The method includes measuring, if an additional service offering request is received in a saturation channel state, remaining execution times until a service of each terminal that is currently receiving a service is terminated, and setting a minimum of the measured remaining execution times to a unit time; calculating a securable channel bandwidth per the unit time with respect to each terminal that is currently receiving a service; and allocating, if the summation of the securable channel bandwidths per the unit time is equal to or greater than a channel bandwidth required to provide the additional service, the requested channel bandwidth in order to provide the additional service.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for transmitting Near Video on Demand (NVoD) using Catch and Rest (CAR) and sub-channels which includes: dividing an L-sized content into N segments using the CAR broadcasting scheme, allocating the segments to K channels including a replicate channel, and broadcasting the segments; dividing a first segment S1R (SiR represents an i-th segment of a regular channel) into Nsb sub-segments again at given bandwidth using the harmonic broadcasting scheme, and dividing an i-th sub-segment Sisb into i segments again; broadcasting the sub-segments {Si.1sb, . . . , Si.isb} in n sub-channels; and adding the segments {S2R, . . . , SNR} to a sub-layer and broadcasting the segments, the first segment broadcast in the first channel being divided and allocated to a few sub-channels, the succeeding segments broadcast in the other channels being just shifted and broadcast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sibutramine-containing inclusion complex having superior storage stability, and particularly to a pharmaceutically stable inclusion complex suitable for the drug formulation, which prepared by reacting a sibutramine (N,N-dimethyl-1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-cyclobutyl]-3-methylbutylamine) of Formula 1 and beta-cyclodextrin in a predetermined ratio, its preparation method and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for transmitting data in a station of a wireless local area network (LAN) system. In the apparatus, a data queue stores transmission data, and a data processor processes data output from the data queue. A radio frequency (RF) module up-converts a signal output from the data processor to a frequency band of the wireless LAN system, and transmits the up-converted signal as an RF signal. A scheduler performs scheduling such that a specific stepping index decreases each time a backoff time reaches ‘0’ so as to determine whether to transmit the data, and the data is transmitted when both the stepping index and the backoff time reach ‘0’. A backoff stepping generator determines an initial value of the stepping index within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A system for effectively pre-distributing keys for a distributed sensor network is disclosed, The system includes: a plurality of sensor nodes, each of which has a sensing function, a calculation function, and a wireless communication function; and a base station which is connected to the sensor nodes over a wireless network, receives data from the sensor nodes, acts as a data central station, and distributes keys for inter-sensornode security authentication to the sensor nodes. A key management unit contained in the base station, generates a set of the sensor nodes used for security authentication between the sensor nodes, decomposes the set of the sensor nodes into a plurality of matrices, distributes the matrices to the sensor nodes, and allows the sensor nodes to search for a common private key required for the security authentication using the received matrices. Therefore, the system can always search for a common private key between the sensor nodes.