Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a text classification system based on feature selection and a method thereof in the technical field of natural language processing and short text classification, comprising: acquiring a text classification data set; dividing the text classification data set into a training text set and a test text set, and then pre-processing the training text set and the test text set; extracting feature entries from the pre-processed training text set through improved chi-square statistics to form feature subsets; using TF-IWF algorithm to give the weight to the extracted feature entries; based on the weighted feature entries, establishing a short text classification model based on a support vector machine; and classifying the pre-processed test text set by the short text classification model. The present disclosure solves the problem that the short text content is sparse to some extent, thereby improving the performance of short text classification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a forming method of an annular forging of 718 Plus alloy, which comprises the following steps: wrapping the cylindrical surface of a blank of the 718 Plus alloy with a first blanket, further heating to 1000-1100° C., then stopping heating, and immediately performing upsetting and punching treatment on the blank; further respectively wrapping the outer surface and the punched inner surface of the blank after treatment with second blankets, further heating to 1000-1060° C., then stopping heating, immediately performing blank holder reaming treatment on the blank; and respectively wrapping the outer surface and the reamed inner surface of the blank after treatment with the second blankets, further heating to 985-1038° C., then stopping heating, and immediately rolling the blank to obtain a final product, after the method is used for treatment, the grain size of the forging achieves level 6 or above, and the surface has no common cracks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a forming method of an annular forging of 718 Plus alloy, which comprises the following steps: wrapping the cylindrical surface of a blank of the 718 Plus alloy with a first blanket, further heating to 1000-1100° C., then stopping heating, and immediately performing upsetting and punching treatment on the blank; further respectively wrapping the outer surface and the punched inner surface of the blank after treatment with second blankets, further heating to 1000-1060° C., then stopping heating, immediately performing blank holder reaming treatment on the blank; and respectively wrapping the outer surface and the reamed inner surface of the blank after treatment with the second blankets, further heating to 985-1038° C., then stopping heating, and immediately rolling the blank to obtain a final product, after the method is used for treatment, the grain size of the forging achieves level 6 or above, and the surface has no common cracks.

Abstract: The invention relates to high power semiconductor lasers based on a laser diode array waveguide grating (DAWG) in which the wavelength is stabilized using an array waveguide grating (AWG) in an external cavity configuration. Another aspect of the present invention relates to techniques for efficiently coupling optical gain element arrays to an AWG. Another feature provides for the efficient and brightness-conserving combination of multiple high power DAWG lasers into a single output.

Abstract: A novel intelligent search engine or website are invented to enhance the web surfing practice. A smart search engine or website comprising of resource database, fuzzy logic analyzer, and question generator which can analyze the user input, comparing with internal criteria, and asking user further questions to narrow down the search. The smart search engine or website can show the desired search result link/links, or show compose customized answer page, or show the desired web page directly. The smart search engine or website can comprise of user database which it uses during the search and modifies during the search.

Abstract: A novel virtual attendant between an intelligent device and the human being is provided. The said virtual attendant(s) talk, point to items, answer questions, act as a guide, have face emotions, have specific spoken and/or un-spoken body languages, have specific voices and tones, moves, perform stunts, play games, sing and/or dance, or any combination of the above properties. The said virtual attendant can be the image or animation of the human user's friend(s), family member(s), pet(s), favorite star(s), lover(s), or favorite figure(s)/character(s). The intelligent device(s) can be computers, home based devices, office based devices, car based devices, portable devices, and any other devices. The virtual attendant can act as the interface between the device and the human users, perform many functions from answer questions and provide guidance and services.

Abstract: Gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier devices are provided that have adjustable gain levels. Optical amplifiers and other network equipment based on the semiconductor optical amplifier devices are also provided. The devices may include feedback structures that form a lasing cavity. The optical feedback associated with the feedback structures may be adjusted to control the clamped gain of the devices.

Abstract: An optical device for dynamic gain adjusting includes a dynamic gain adjusting filter having one or more semiconductor optical amplifiers. The dynamic gain adjusting filter may allow dynamically-adjustable spectral gain characteristics. A dynamic gain adjusting filter may be part of an amplifier module or other optical device module, or as an optical module itself. The dynamic gain adjusting filter may be used to reduce gain ripple, control gain tilt, and/or compensate for other gain variations. The one or more semiconductor optical amplifiers of the dynamic gain adjusting filter may be designed and/or controlled to produce different gain profiles. For example, the active region of the semiconductor optical device may comprise several subregions having different structures, dimensions, and/or doping characteristics.

Abstract: Semiconductor optical amplifier devices and optical amplifiers are provided for handling optical data signals carried on wavelength-division-multiplexing channels in fiber-optic links. The optical amplifiers may have multiple semiconductor optical amplifier devices separated by isolators to reduce backwards scattered light and thereby improve their output power handing capabilities. Waveguide structures on the semiconductor optical amplifier devices may be used to provide lateral light confinement during optical amplification. Nonuniform drive current densities may be used along the lengths of the semiconductor waveguide structures to support increased output powers.

Abstract: Optical amplifiers and optical network equipment are provided that have optical gain stages for amplifying optical signals on a fiber-optic communications link. The optical gain stages may be based on optically pumped fiber such as rare-earth-doped fiber. The fiber may be optically pumped using laser diode pumps. A control unit may be provided in the amplifiers or other equipment to control the laser diode pumps. Optical monitors may be used to measure the optical signals in the amplifiers or other equipment. The pump powers of the laser diode pumps may be adjusted in real time by the control unit based on the measured optical signals to suppress gain transients due to input power fluctuations on the link. To minimize the impact of pump-induced noise, the control unit may avoid operating the laser diodes at powers at which the laser diodes are most susceptible to mode partition noise.

Abstract: Raman amplifiers are provided for amplifying signals on optical communications links. The Raman amplifiers may be pumped using an unpolarized Raman pump source. Gain for the source may be provided by a semiconductor device that provides linearly-polarized pump light. A polarization-maintaining fiber may be coupled directly to the semiconductor device at a 45° orientation with respect to the polarization of the light emitted by the device. Light from the semiconductor device may be launched equally into both the slow and fast axes of the fiber. A fiber Bragg grating reflector may be used to stabilize the pump. Pump light traveling along the slow and fast axes becomes spatially separated by more than the coherence length of the multiple quantum well device. The pump light exiting the end of the polarization-maintaining fiber is therefore unpolarized.

Abstract: Optical amplifiers and other optical network equipment for handling optical data signals in fiber-optic communications links are provided. Optical fiber that is pumped by laser diode pumps is used to provide optical gain. The laser diode pumps may be based on laser diode devices that do not have temperature controllers and integral back facet monitors. A control unit may be used to keep track of the age of the laser diode pumps. Information on the age of the pumps may be used to determine the maximum allowable drive current for driving the pumps. Information on the age of the pumps may also be used to select an appropriate drive current level during operation of the pumps.

Abstract: A laser pump module has a ridge waveguide chip with a ridge width that is greater than 4 micrometers (&mgr;m). This is a relatively wide ridge for this class of laser chips. Specifically, especially for signal lasers, narrow ridge widths are used in order to control lateral and transverse mode shape and size. In the present invention, however, where a chip is used for pump applications, a wider ridge is used to increase the laser effective gain volume and decrease the loss associated with the lowest order transverse mode to thus maximize the useful power and light that is coupled into the fiber pigtail.

Abstract: Novel optical amplifier designs are disclosed. The optical amplifier generally comprises an amplification section having an anti-reflection coating on a first end face and a reflector optically coupled to a second end face. The amplification section of the amplifier interacts with the input and reflected optical signals to produce an amplified optical signal. The amplification section may include rare earth doped glass amplifiers (e.g., erbium-doped amplifiers), rare earth doped waveguide amplifiers (e.g. erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers), polymer amplifiers or parametric amplifiers. The amplifier may include a waveguide structure proximate the amplification section to confine optical signals within the amplification section and/or guide signals into and out of the amplifier. The amplifier may be combined with optical components for coupling signals between optical fibers and the amplifier. The waveguide may have a modified “V” shape where the “V” with at two legs.

Abstract: Multiwavelength Raman pumps for Raman amplifiers are provided. The multiwavelength Raman pumps may be based on semiconductor devices that have multiple source regions, each of which handles pump light at a different wavelength. An optical coupler such as a lens and isolator arrangement or an integral fiber lens may be used to couple pump light from the multiwavelength Raman pump into a fiber. A depolarizer may be used to depolarize the Raman pump light provided by the Raman pump. Gratings may be used to define the lasing wavelengths for the Raman pump. A number of tunable sources may be used on the semiconductor device. A fiber Bragg grating may be used to form an external cavity or coupled cavity arrangement for the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for shutting off a source of optical power to an optical fiber in the event of a cut in the fiber are disclosed. Embodiments of the invention are particularly suited in fiber optic communications systems that use Raman pumps for signal amplification. Optical power from the pump to a fiber is shut off in response to a change in a supervisor signal provided to a first end of the fiber. The supervisor signal is generally operated in an “always-on” mode to provide for fail-safe operation. The apparatus generally comprises a controller coupled to the source of optical power and means for coupling a supervisor signal, which has been provided to a first end of the fiber, to the controller. The method and/or apparatus may be incorporated into an optical communications system having an optical fiber and two or more hubs coupled to the fiber.

Abstract: Optical amplifiers with variable optical attenuators that are adjusted using a sublinear control scheme are provided. Instead of increasing the attenuation of the optical attenuator by Y dBs for each desired Y dBs in decreased optical amplifier gain, the attenuation of the variable optical attenuator is increased by less than Y dBs. This sublinear control scheme improves the noise figure performance of the optical amplifier at the expense of increased gain ripple. The overall performance of the optical amplifier may be improved, particularly in conditions in which the attenuations produced by the variable optical attenuator are relatively large.

Abstract: A laser pump module has a ridge waveguide chip with a ridge width that is flared in the direction of the rear facet. Such a ridge profile yields a number of advantages depending on the specific implementation. The resulting increase in area of the rear facet, spreads heat, to improve device performance and avoid catastrophic optical mirror damage (COD). It can also lower the power density for the same output intensity. Further, it contributes to the single lateral mode property, acting as a mode filter. Higher order modes suffer higher losses and thus, tending to contribute to their attenuation—with less light fed back into the cavity from the rear facet, the laser device as a whole has reduced outside feedback sensitivity. Thus, in the implementation as a pump laser, less light at the signal wavelength returns to be amplified in a majority of the pump's ridge waveguide cavity.

Abstract: An efficient method for optimization of product characteristics or manufacturing processes. The method utilized a Chi-square model to identify error sources that contribute to the product or process variability. The method is particularly useful for evaluation of processes related to optics and electronics fabrication but also has application in fields where a chi-square distribution is observed.

Abstract: The present invention includes computer display pointing device for controlling a display cursor. The computer display pointing device includes a physical location pointer for pointing to physical locations. The computer display pointing device further includes a device for generating physical location signals useful for recording and correlating cursor locations corresponding to physical locations pointed by the physical location pointer. In a preferred embodiment, the physical location pointer is an arrow-shaped pointer for pointing to the physical locations. In yet another preferred embodiment, the physical location pointer is an unfolding-and-folding arrow-shaped pointer whereby the physical location pointer may be unfolded to function in a physical location pointing mode and folded to function in a regular mode for controlling only the display cursor.