Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor composition, containing (a) a cinnamaldehyde compound, (b) an alkoxylated fatty amine, and (c) an imidazoline compound, and optionally (d) a surfactant, and (e) a solvent. A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal in contact with an acidic medium in an oil or gas field environment by introducing the corrosion inhibitor composition into the acidic medium, such as during acid stimulation operations.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor composition, containing (a) a cinnamaldehyde compound, (b) an alkoxylated fatty amine, and (c) an imidazoline compound, and optionally (d) a surfactant, and (e) a solvent. A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal in contact with an acidic medium in an oil or gas field environment by introducing the corrosion inhibitor composition into the acidic medium, such as during acid stimulation operations.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal in contact with a corrosive mixture in an oil or gas field environment involving introducing a corrosion inhibitor composition into the corrosive mixture, the corrosion inhibitor composition including a nitrogen-containing compound having an alkyl amine group or an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt group, and at least one sulfur-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, mercaptobenzoimidazole, a thioglycol compound, and a thiourea compound.

Abstract: A dry polymer powder for use in enhanced petroleum recovery without being prehydrated before being added to water or brine to be introduced into a wellhead. The dry polymer powder consisting of at least one of a polyacrylamide, a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, a galactomannan, or cellulosic polymer or derivatives thereof, and the polymer can be crosslinked or not crosslinked, provided that if they are homo- or co-polymers of acrylic acid, they are not crosslinked. The dry polymer powder has a polymer size range distribution of 6.6%<40 mesh and 85.4% of 40 to 200 mesh and 8%>200 mesh, and wherein the polymer size range ensures that the dry polymer powder will efficiently hydrate in the water or brine within about one minute without forming fisheyes.

Abstract: A method and a device for improving audio processing performance are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes: acquiring audio data in an audio call in a terminal; processing the audio data by utilizing an audio processing algorithm, to obtain a characteristic parameter of the audio data; analyzing the processing quality of the audio data according to the characteristic parameter of the audio data; and if the processing quality of the audio data does not reach a preset quality standard, optimizing the audio processing algorithm by utilizing optimization data matching the terminal.

Abstract: A dry polymer powder for use in enhanced petroleum recovery without being prehydrated before being added to water or brine to be introduced into a wellhead. The dry polymer powder consisting of at least one of a polyacrylamide, a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, a galactomannan, or cellulosic polymer or derivatives thereof, and the polymer can be crosslinked or not crosslinked, provided that if they are homo- or co-polymers of acrylic acid, they are not crosslinked. The dry polymer powder has a polymer size range distribution of 6.6%<40 mesh and 85.4% of 40 to 200 mesh and 8%>200 mesh, and wherein the polymer size range ensures that the dry polymer powder will efficiently hydrate in the water or brine within about one minute without forming fisheyes.

Abstract: A dry polymer powder for use in enhanced petroleum recovery without being prehydrated before being added to water or brine to be introduced into a wellhead. The dry polymer powder consisting of at least one of a polyacrylamide, a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, a functionalized derivatives thereof, a galactomannan, or cellulosic polymer or derivatives thereof, and the polymer can be crosslinked or not crosslinked, provided that if they are homo- or co-polymers of acrylic acid, they are not crosslinked. The dry polymer powder is sized between two size limits, namely at least about 85 wt % of particles of a size smaller than about 40-mesh, and at least 75 wt % of particles of a size greater than 200-mesh, which size range ensures that the dry polymer powder will efficiently hydrate in the water or brine within about one minute without forming fisheyes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for assessing permeability, porosity, and production fluids pressure or analyzing reservoir fluids in connection with a drilling operation are provided, comprising collecting from a series of depths mud gas samples and reservoir cuttings of a minimum size; allowing the cuttings to evolve a headspace gas within one or more time delays to obtain headspace gas samples; determining within the time delay carbon isotope ratio differences between the mud gas and headspace gas samples; and identifying the depths having isotope ratio differences smaller than those from nearby depths.

Abstract: A dry polymer powder for use in enhanced petroleum recovery without being prehydrated before being added to water or brine to be introduced into a wellhead. The dry polymer powder consisting of at least one of a polyacrylamide, a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, a functionalized derivatives thereof, a galactomannan, or cellulosic polymer or derivatives thereof, and the polymer can be crosslinked or not crosslinked, provided that if they are homo- or co-polymers of acrylic acid, they are not crosslinked. The dry polymer powder is sized between two size limits, namely at least about 85 wt % of particles of a size smaller than about 40-mesh, and at least 75 wt % of particles of a size greater than 200-mesh, which size range ensures that the dry polymer powder will efficiently hydrate in the water or brine within about one minute without forming fisheyes.

Abstract: A method and a device for improving audio processing performance are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes: acquiring audio data in an audio call in a terminal; processing the audio data by utilizing an audio processing algorithm, to obtain a characteristic parameter of the audio data; analyzing the processing quality of the audio data according to the characteristic parameter of the audio data; and if the processing quality of the audio data does not reach a preset quality standard, optimizing the audio processing algorithm by utilizing optimization data matching the terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates compositions and methods for enhanced oil recovery. The method is directed to employing a water-soluble The present invention relates compositions and methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The method is directed to employing a water-soluble functional polymeric surfactant (FPS), with a medium IFT value, preferably ranged from about 0.1 to about 15 dyne/cm between water phase containing polymeric surfactant and hydrocarbon phase, for recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations. The FPS solution demonstrates a strong interaction with oil and the great potential to increase both volumetric sweep efficiency and microscopic displacement efficiency in EOR.

Abstract: Compositions and dispersions comprising hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM) or associative polymers and small particles useful in hydrocarbon recovery and enhanced oil recovery processes using the same. Non-limiting embodiments include those using metal oxide small particles, including fumed silica having primary particles in the nanoparticle size range.

Abstract: for Processes for converting a methane or a methane containing natural gas to a monohalogenated methane and other downstream basic commodity chemicals going through methanesulfonyl halide as a key intermediate, whereby following its formation, the methanesulfonyl halide is allowed to decompose under a substantially anhydrous condition, preferably in the presence of a catalyst complex, and whereby in addition to the monohalogenated halide, a hydrogen halide and a sulfur dioxide are also formed in the overall conversion, both of which may be recycled back to the beginning of the processes. Additionally, compositions utilizing such a key intermediate for the same purposes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Processes for converting a methane or a methane containing natural gas to a monohalogenated methane and other downstream basic commodity chemicals going through methanesulfonyl halide as a key intermediate, whereby following its formation, the methanesulfonyl halide is allowed to decompose under a substantially anhydrous condition, preferably in the presence of a catalyst complex, and whereby in addition to the monohalogenated halide, a hydrogen halide and a sulfur dioxide are also formed in the overall conversion, both of which may be recycled back to the beginning of the processes. Additionally, compositions utilizing such a key intermediate for the same purposes are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present inventions relates to methods of discovering or developing novel material or compound. In particular, the methods include the steps of using of general expert knowledge to identify currently available molecules, setting forth desired properties for a target molecule, designing a set of test molecule from the currently available molecule using computational methods (the test molecules having desired properties in the computational models); synthesizing the test molecules, testing the test molecules in real experiments, and identifying the target molecule which is the test molecule that has the desired properties.

Abstract: A frequency modulated spectroscopy system, including a photo-detector, a band-pass filter to filter the output of the photo-detector, and a rectifier to demodulate. The band-pass filter has a relatively high Q factor. With the high Q factor band-pass filter and rectifier, a reference sinusoid is not required for demodulation, resulting in phase-insensitive spectroscopy. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates compositions and methods for enhanced oil recovery. The method is directed to employing a water-soluble The present invention relates compositions and methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The method is directed to employing a water-soluble functional polymeric surfactant (FPS), with a medium IFT value, preferably ranged from about 0.1 to about 15 dyne/cm between water phase containing polymeric surfactant and hydrocarbon phase, for recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations. The FPS solution demonstrates a strong interaction with oil and the great potential to increase both volumetric sweep efficiency and microscopic displacement efficiency in EOR.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to compositions and methods for the use of ionic liquids with dissolved metal compounds as catalysts for a variety of chemical reactions. Ionic liquids are salts that generally are liquids at room temperature, and are capable of dissolving a many types of compounds that are relatively insoluble in aqueous or organic solvent systems. Specifically, ionic liquids may dissolve metal compounds to produce homogeneous and heterogeneous organometallic catalysts. One industrially-important chemical reaction that may be catalyzed by metal-containing ionic liquid catalysts is the conversion of methane to methanol.

Abstract: Stable ionic liquid complexes capable of maintaining stability at high temperatures, under acidic and highly oxidative conditions in the presence of a transition metal, and methods for determining the stability of stable ionic liquid complexes are provided. In accordance with the disclosure herein, the stable ionic liquid complexes are derived from pyrazole, pyrazine and 1,2,4-triazole.

Abstract: To further isolate the scattered light 112 of a specific particle from the scattered light of a different particle, a pin hole device 116 can be used. The pin hole device 116 prevents unfocused light from other particles from entering the second plane 118, thus isolating a desired, focused image of one particle 110 of the sample 106. In one embodiment, the pin hole 116 has a size of several microns. At the second plane 118, a traditional imaging detection device 120 detects the defocused light. The position of the second image plane 118 is chosen for good angular resolution of the scattered light 112, and at the same time gives enough light for the imaging detection device 120 to obtain a sufficient reading.