Abstract: A device for unidirectional propagation of microwaves comprises a resonant microwave structure arranged to transmit microwaves between two ports and a magnetic source arranged to provide a generally static magnetic field and to have a resonant frequency distinct from that of the microwave structure, which is disposed adjacent the microwave structure so as to be located in presence of electromagnetic fields emanating from the transmitted microwaves such that the magnetic field interacts with the electromagnetic fields of the microwaves so as to form a set of hybridized resonant frequencies at which zero intrinsic damping exists, one of the set of hybridized resonant frequencies being a real eigenvalue providing the unidirectional propagation from one of the first and second ports to the other. A related method comprises arranging the magnetic source at a prescribed position where the real eigenvalue matches the frequency of an input signal applied at a selected port.

Abstract: Novel microwave devices capable of monitoring pest activity or moisture content in grain. A planar active microwave resonator with a regenerative element is placed in proximity to the grain to be tested, for example by immersion within in a bulk grain store to monitor moisture levels or pest activity therein, mounting within a sample container to monitor moisture levels or pest activity in a smaller volume of grain sampled from a grain store or shipment, or exposure to individual sample kernels for detecting internal pests therein.

Abstract: A system and method for enhancing an aerospace coverage capability of a mobile communication base station includes a baseband processing unit, a remote radio unit and a full-airspace array antenna. The full-airspace array antenna includes a conversion channel module, an interface processing module, a digital beamforming module, a transceiver channel module and an antenna array. The baseband processing unit is connected to the remote radio unit, the remote radio unit is connected to the conversion channel module through a radio-frequency cable, and the conversion channel module is connected to the antenna array successively through the interface processing module, the digital beamforming module, and the transceiver channel module.

Abstract: A system and method for enhancing an aerospace coverage capability of a mobile communication base station includes a baseband processing unit, a remote radio unit and a full-airspace array antenna. The full-airspace array antenna includes a conversion channel module, an interface processing module, a digital beamforming module, a transceiver channel module and an antenna array. The baseband processing unit is connected to the remote radio unit, the remote radio unit is connected to the conversion channel module through a radio-frequency cable, and the conversion channel module is connected to the antenna array successively through the interface processing module, the digital beamforming module, and the transceiver channel module.

Abstract: A device for unidirectional propagation of microwaves comprises a resonant microwave structure arranged to transmit microwaves between two ports and a magnetic source arranged to provide a generally static magnetic field and to have a resonant frequency distinct from that of the microwave structure, which is disposed adjacent the microwave structure so as to be located in presence of electromagnetic fields emanating from the transmitted microwaves such that the magnetic field interacts with the electromagnetic fields of the microwaves so as to form a set of hybridized resonant frequencies at which zero intrinsic damping exists, one of the set of hybridized resonant frequencies being a real eigenvalue providing the unidirectional propagation from one of the first and second ports to the other. A related method comprises arranging the magnetic source at a prescribed position where the real eigenvalue matches the frequency of an input signal applied at a selected port.

Abstract: Novel microwave devices capable of monitoring pest activity or moisture content in grain. A planar active microwave resonator with a regenerative element is placed in proximity to the grain to be tested, for example by immersion within in a bulk grain store to monitor moisture levels or pest activity therein, mounting within a sample container to monitor moisture levels or pest activity in a smaller volume of grain sampled from a grain store or shipment, or exposure to individual sample kernels for detecting internal pests therein.

Abstract: A solid state sensor may be used to down-convert microwave signal into a low-frequency voltage or current signal, where its phase still carries the information of a measured continuous wave (CW) microwave phase. Two CW microwaves may be mixed and a solid state sensor used to rectify the mixed microwave into a direct voltage or current signal. The measurement system may include an input node for receiving a microwave signal from a source from which the output microwave is coherently split into two parts by a microwave power divider. Each part may travel in a separate path and couple at the solid state sensor. A lock-in amplifier coupled to the solid state sensor may be used to determine simultaneously a magnitude and phase of the microwave signals received from the microwave source.

Abstract: A solid state sensor may be used to down-convert microwave signal into a low-frequency voltage or current signal, where its phase still carries the information of a measured continuous wave (CW) microwave phase. Two CW microwaves may be mixed and a solid state sensor used to rectify the mixed microwave into a direct voltage or current signal. The measurement system may include an input node for receiving a microwave signal from a source from which the output microwave is coherently split into two parts by a microwave power divider. Each part may travel in a separate path and couple at the solid state sensor. A lock-in amplifier coupled to the solid state sensor may be used to determine simultaneously a magnitude and phase of the microwave signals received from the microwave source.

Abstract: Embodiments of intrinsic magneto-thermoelectric transport in MTJs carrying a tunneling current/in the absence of external heat sources are presented. In one embodiment Ohm's law for describing MTJs may be revised even in the linear transport regime. This has a profound impact on the dynamic response of MTJs subject to an ac electric bias with frequency ?, as demonstrated by a novel Seebeck rectification effect measured for ? up to microwave (GHz) frequencies. This Seebeck rectification effect may be employed in magneto-thermoelectric devices.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for phase detection of electromagnetic signals are presented. The apparatus may include a magnetic element, one or more first signal contacts coupled to the magnetic element for receiving a first signal, and one or more output contacts coupled to the magnetic element for providing a variable level voltage generated by the magnetic element, the level of the voltage being responsive to a phase difference between the first signal and a second signal. In a further embodiment, the apparatus may include a substrate for mechanically supporting the magnetic element. Additionally, the apparatus may include a conductor mechanically supported by substrate, the conductor configured to receive the second signal.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for phase detection of electromagnetic signals are presented. The apparatus may include a magnetic element, one or more first signal contacts coupled to the magnetic element for receiving a first signal, and one or more output contacts coupled to the magnetic element for providing a variable level voltage generated by the magnetic element, the level of the voltage being responsive to a phase difference between the first signal and a second signal. In a further embodiment, the apparatus may include a substrate for mechanically supporting the magnetic element. Additionally, the apparatus may include a conductor mechanically supported by substrate, the conductor configured to receive the second signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for RF magnetic-field vector detection based on spin rectification effects are described. In one embodiment, a method comprises sweeping a quasi-static external applied magnetic field at a h-vector detector, measuring voltages across terminals of the h-vector detector when the detector receives a microwave, varying the angle between the external applied static magnetic field and the RF current, determining an angular dependence of the measured voltages, and calculating a magnetic-field vector (h-vector) component of the microwave.

Abstract: Systems and methods for RF magnetic-field vector detection based on spin rectification effects are described. In one embodiment, a method comprises sweeping a quasi-static external applied magnetic field at a h-vector detector, measuring voltages across terminals of the h-vector detector when the detector receives a microwave, varying the angle between the external applied static magnetic field and the RF current, determining an angular dependence of the measured voltages, and calculating a magnetic-field vector (h-vector) component of the microwave.