Abstract: A supramolecular ionic liquid, a solid-state electrolyte membrane, a solid-state lithium metal battery, and an apparatus are provided. The supramolecular ionic liquid of this disclosure has a benzophenanthrene structure represented by formula (I), where R1 is selected from ether groups, polyether groups, halogenated ether groups, or halogenated polyether groups having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and R2 is selected from ether groups or polyether groups having 1 to 16 carbon atoms. The supramolecular ionic liquid of this disclosure has an ionic conductivity as high as 10?3 S/cm at room temperature. A solid-state electrolyte membrane made therefrom also has an ionic conductivity as high as 10?3 S/cm at room temperature. This is close to performance of a liquid electrolyte, proposing a solution to the problem of low ionic conductivity in existing solid-state electrolytes.

Abstract: An electrode plate, a secondary battery and a preparation method therefor, and a device comprising the secondary battery are provided. In some embodiments, the electrode plate comprises a current collector and an active material layer provided on at least one surface of the current collector, wherein the active material layer comprises an active material and a solid water-fixing agent capable of fixing water.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for preparing a perovskite film, and a related perovskite film, solar cell and solar cell device thereof. The preparation method may include the steps of (1) providing a target material comprising the following elements: lead, a halogen, and one or more alkali metals; (2) sputtering using the target material in step (1), where a process gas is a noble gas, optionally, argon, so as to obtain a film; (3) subjecting the film obtained in step (2) to a chemical bath treatment, wherein the chemical bath is a solution of AX, A is selected from one or more of formamidine or methylamine, and X is a halogen; and (4) sputtering on the film obtained in step (3) using a tin metal, where a process gas comprises a noble gas, optionally, a mixture of argon and a halogen gas, so as to obtain the perovskite film.

Abstract: A composite lithium metal negative electrode, a preparation method thereof, a lithium secondary battery, and an apparatus are provided. In some embodiments, the composite lithium metal negative electrode includes lithium metal and a lithium buffer layer on at least one surface of the lithium metal. The lithium buffer layer includes a porous framework and a lithiophilic material, where the porous framework is a conductive porous framework, the lithiophilic material is distributed in the porous framework, and a distribution density of the lithiophilic material in the porous framework decreases in a continuous gradient in a direction of the lithium buffer layer away from the lithium metal. A conductive lithium buffer layer with a continuous gradient change in lithiophilicity is added on a surface of the lithium metal negative electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode plate for all-solid-state lithium secondary battery, an all-solid-state lithium secondary battery, and an apparatus. The positive electrode active material provided in the present disclosure includes a positive electrode active substance and a sodium thiosulfate coating layer coating a surface of the positive electrode active substance. Applying the positive electrode active material provided in the present disclosure to the positive electrode plate for all-solid-state lithium secondary battery can significantly improve the cycling performance and capacity retention rate of the battery.

Abstract: The present application provides an organic-inorganic hybrid complex which can be used in a coating of a separator for a secondary battery, wherein the organic-inorganic hybrid complex is formed from basic units represented by formula (I) being periodically assembled in at least one spatial direction: [Lx-i?i][MaCb].Az (I), wherein a defect percentage expressed in i/x*100% is 1% to 30%. The present application further provides a coating composition comprising the organic-inorganic hybrid complex, a coating formed from the coating composition, a separator comprising the coating for a secondary battery, a secondary battery comprising the separator, a battery module, a battery pack and a device. By applying the organic-inorganic hybrid complex of the present application in a coating, the electrolyte infiltration of a separator for a secondary battery is improved while increasing the electrolyte retention rate, thereby improving the rate capability and cycling life of the secondary battery.

Abstract: A prussian blue analog having a core-shell structure, which has a core and a cladding layer that dads the core, wherein the chemical formula of the core is the following Formula 1, NaxP[R(CN)6]?.zH2O and the chemical formula of the cladding layer is the following Formula 2, AyL[M(CN)6]?.wH2O is described. The prussian blue analog has good storage stability, and thus can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost at the subsequent battery cell level. A method for preparing the prussian blue analog having a core-shell structure, as well as a sodium-ion secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack and a powered device comprising the same are described.

Abstract: This application provides a separator, an electrical apparatus including the separator, and preparation methods thereof. The separator includes a coating layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound and provides improved performance in a number of aspects, and the organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound is formed by periodically assembling, along at least one spatial direction, basic units expressed by formula I, Lx(MaCb)y.Az. This application further provides a battery and electrical device containing such separator, preparation methods thereof, organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound for improving performance of a separator.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-ion battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an apparatus are provided. The electrolyte includes an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt dissolved in the organic solvent, and an additive, where the additive is a compound represented by following formula I. The electrolyte can inhibit generation of lithium dendrites in the lithium-ion battery, improve cycle performance of the battery, and also improve flame retardancy of the battery, thereby effectively resolving defects in the existing technology.

Abstract: This application provides a polymer current collector, a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery, battery module, battery pack, and apparatus associated therewith. The polymer current collector provided in this application includes polymer film layers, where the polymer film layers include a first polymer film layer and a second polymer film layer, a resistivity of the first polymer film layer is denoted as ?1, a resistivity of the second polymer film layer is denoted as ?2, and the current collector satisfies ?1>?2. The polymer current collector in this application can induce to deposit of lithium metal from a low conductivity side to a high conductivity side, avoiding risks of depositing lithium ions on the surface of the current collector and thereby increasing cycle life of lithium metal batteries.

Abstract: This application provides a separator, an electrical apparatus containing such separator, and preparation methods thereof. The separator includes a coating layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound and provides improved performance in a number of aspects, and the organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound is formed by periodically assembling, along at least one spatial direction, basic units expressed by formula I, Lx(MaCb)y.Az. This application further provides a battery and an electrical device containing such separator, preparation methods thereof, and an organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound for improving performance of a separator.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method, device and computer program product for storage management are proposed. The method comprises: obtaining, in a first virtual storage device, a first portion storing a source file, the source file being used to update a target file; determining a second portion in the first virtual storage device, data stored in the second portion being changed relative to data stored in a second virtual storage device, the data stored in the second virtual storage device including the target file; determining a changed portion based on the first portion and the second portion, the changed portion indicating changed data of the source file relative to the target file; and updating the target file based on the changed portion. Therefore, the present solution can reduce data transmission and resource consumption.

Abstract: This application provides a separator, an electrical apparatus containing such separator, and preparation methods thereof. The separator includes a coating layer containing an organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound and provides improved performance in a number of aspects, and the organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound is formed by periodically assembling, along at least one spatial direction, basic units expressed by formula I, Lx(MaCb)y•Az. This application further provides a battery and electrical device containing such separator, preparation methods thereof, organic-inorganic hybrid composite compound for improving performance of a separator.

Abstract: A solid-state battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an apparatus associated therewith are provided. In some embodiments, the solid-state battery includes a solid-state electrolyte, where the solid-state electrolyte includes a sulfide electrolyte layer and at least one polymer electrolyte layer provided on a surface of the sulfide electrolyte layer, and the solid-state electrolyte satisfies the following condition: thickness of the sulfide electrolyte layer?thickness of the polymer electrolyte layer on one side ?84.2?80.2w. The polymer electrolyte layer having an appropriate thickness in this disclosure can improve interfacial infiltration between the current sulfide electrolyte layer and an electrode without seriously reducing the overall energy density of the battery, thereby overcoming defects of sulfide electrolyte in disclosures in solid-state batteries to a large extent and improving cycling performance and safety performance of solid-state batteries.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for storing indexed metadata associated with backed up data is provided. The operations comprising: for each first data item stored at a first client device to be backed up, extracting, at the first client device, an associated first metadata item; transforming, at the first client device, the first metadata item based on a predefined metadata definition; associating, at the first client device, a first client identifier and a backup identifier with the transformed first metadata item; and transferring the transformed first metadata item from the first client device to a metadata bus of a search cluster.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, a device, and a computer program product for determining an execution progress of tasks. The method includes determining, according to a determination that a task is executed, whether historical execution information of the task is available. The method further includes determining the expected execution duration of the task based on the historical execution information of the task according to a determination that the historical execution information of the task is available. The method further includes determining the duration of completed execution for the task based on the time point at which execution of the task begins and the current time point. The method further includes determining the execution progress of the task based on the expected execution duration and the completed execution duration.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a prussian blue analogue positive electrode material, a preparation method therefor and an electrochemical energy storage device. A molecular formula of the prussian blue analogue positive electrode material is AxMc[M?(CN)6]1-y(b-H2O)6y-dLd.?y.(i-H2O)z, where, A is one or more selected from a group consisting of alkali metal cation, alkaline-earth metal cation, Zn2+ and Al3+; M is a metal with the valence of 2+ or 3+; M? is a metal with the valence of 2+ or 3+; b-H2O is a coordinated water; ? is a M?(CN)6 cavity; L is a neutral ligand, the neutral ligand is one or more selected from a group consisting of CH3CN, NH3, CO and C5H5N; i-H2O is an interstitial water; 0<x?2; 0<c?1; 0<y<1; 0<d?6y; 0?z?16.

Abstract: This application provides a lithium secondary battery and a negative electrode plate for the lithium secondary battery. The negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, where a surface of the negative electrode active material layer closer to the current collector is provided with an elastic coating. And the elastic coating includes an elastic polymer and a conductive agent. At a pressure of 1 MPa to 20 MPa, the elastic coating has a compression deformation of 20% to 80% and an elastic modulus of 1 MPa to 800 MPa. And optionally, at the pressure of 1 MPa to 20 MPa, the elastic coating has a compression deformation of 30% to 60% and an elastic modulus of 5 MPa to 100 MPa.

Abstract: A three-dimensional composite metallic lithium negative electrode, a metallic lithium battery and an apparatus are disclosed. The composite metallic lithium negative electrode includes metallic lithium particles and a three-dimensional polymer framework, where the metallic lithium particles are filled in the three-dimensional polymer framework, and the three-dimensional polymer framework includes lithium-philic a fragments, active sites and polymer-containing moieties. The present application improves a volume effect of the metallic lithium negative electrode in charge and discharge process, which can inhibit side reactions of metallic lithium and electrolyte; increase a specific surface area of the metallic lithium negative electrode, and introduce lithium-philic nano-sites, thereby can guide a uniform deposition of the metallic lithium and effectively inhibit generation of lithium dendrites.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data backup method, an electronic device and a computer program product. The method provided includes creating a workflow related to a data source, the workflow being configured to generate a copy of the data source or to replicate the copy of the data source to a remote device. The method further includes identifying a dependency of the workflow, the dependency indicating whether the workflow depends on at least one additional workflow related to the data source. The method further includes scheduling the workflow based at least on the identified dependency. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, by use of a dependency-based scheduling mechanism, the performance of a storage system can be improved, and consumption of resources such as a storage and an internal memory can be reduced.