Abstract: A multiple axis manufacturing platform for three-dimensional object fabrication in three dimensions and along at least two rotary axes. The platform includes one or more additive and one or more subtractive manufacturing tools. An automatic tool changer (ATS) holds the additive and the subtractive manufacturing tools and selects among them. A movable substrate platform supports a workpiece. A programmable control system has one or more programs for controlling the manufacturing tools, the automatic tool changer and the movable substrate platform, and includes machine code to control one or more relay switches to control the additive manufacturing tools. A machine vision system detects displacement between or features of deposited material. A vision camera mounting for the spindle housing allows viewing the manufacturing process. A laser displacement sensor extracts distance and position of the selected tool or the workpiece.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing metal paste and a method of additive manufacturing using the metal paste is presented. The metal paste includes a first metal component of a first majority-phase structural metal, the first majority-phase structural metal comprising approximately 75 wt. % to approximately 90 wt. % first metal particles having a particle size of approximately 1 micron to approximately 100 microns. The metal paste further includes a second metal component of a second bonding metal, the second bonding metal comprising approximately 3 wt. % to approximately 10 wt. %, the second metal particles having a particle size of approximately 3 nanometers to approximately 100 nanometers. The paste further includes a binder having a weight percentage of approximately 2 wt. % to approximately 15 wt. % wherein the metal paste has a sintering temperature of less than approximately 300° C.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing metal paste and a method of additive manufacturing using the metal paste is presented. The metal paste includes a first metal component of a first majority-phase structural metal, the first majority-phase structural metal comprising approximately 75 wt. % to approximately 90 wt. % first metal particles having a particle size of approximately 1 micron to approximately 100 microns. The metal paste further includes a second metal component of a second bonding metal, the second bonding metal comprising approximately 3 wt. % to approximately 10 wt. %, the second metal particles having a particle size of approximately 3 nanometers to approximately 100 nanometers. The paste further includes a binder having a weight percentage of approximately 2 wt. % to approximately 15 wt. % wherein the metal paste has a sintering temperature of less than approximately 300° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bidirectional wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system having bidirectional optical service channels. The bidirectional WDM optical communication system includes a bidirectional optical waveguide configured to carry a bidirectional optical communication signal comprising counterpropagating WDM optical signals. Each WDM optical signal includes plural optical channels and an optical service channel. A bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer optically communicates with the waveguide. A first optical service channel selector optically communicates with the first bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer input/output port.

Abstract: An electrodeless lamp includes a stationary bulb (10) containing a fill for producing a discharge, the fill has a primary radiating material which ordinarily produces an unstable discharge in the absence of bulb rotation. The fill further includes an alkali metal in an amount sufficient to stabilize the discharge without bulb rotation. The alkali metal may be, for example, cesium bromide. Preferably, the fill is excited by a non-stationary electric field (E, E1) such as, for example, a circular polarized electric field.

Abstract: A discharge lamp for providing visible radiation includes a lamp envelope which is made of light transmissive material a fill in the envelope including either calcium halide or strontium halide together with either elemental sulfur or elemental selenium in gaseous form which is obtainable when the fill is excited by sufficient power in operation, in an amount such that the excited fill emits a discharge of visible radiation from the fill with substantially all of the radiation being molecular radiation which is emitted in the visible region of the spectrum. The calcium halide or strontium halide operates at a vapor pressure which provides a significant amount of radiation in the red region of the spectrum therefrom and the overall spectrum has a color rendering index of about 87 or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bidirectional wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system having bidirectional optical service channels. The bidirectional WDM optical communication system includes a bidirectional optical waveguide configured to carry a bidirectional optical communication signal comprising counterpropagating WDM optical signals. Each WDM optical signal includes plural optical channels and an optical service channel. A bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer optically communicates with the waveguide. A first optical service channel selector optically communicates with the first bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer input/output port.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bidirectional wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system having bidirectional optical service channels. The bidirectional WDM optical communication system includes a bidirectional optical waveguide configured to carry a bidirectional optical communication signal comprising counterpropagating WDM optical signals. Each WDM optical signal includes plural optical channels and an optical service channel. A bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer optically communicates with the waveguide. A first optical service channel selector optically communicates with the first bidirectional optical add-drop multiplexer input/output port.

Abstract: A jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a partially closed end, the partially closed end defining an aperture, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material at least partially covering a portion of the bulb not abutting the aperture. The reflective ceramic material may substantially fill an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. The ceramic cup may include a structural feature for aiding in alignment of the jacketed lamp bulb envelope in a lamp. The ceramic cup may include an external flange about a periphery thereof. One example of a jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a closed end, a ceramic washer covering the open end of the ceramic cup, the washer defining an aperture therethrough, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material filling an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb.

Abstract: A high frequency inductively coupled electrodeless lamp includes an excitation coil with an effective electrical length which is less than one half wavelength of a driving frequency applied thereto, preferably much less. The driving frequency may be greater than 100 MHz and is preferably as high as 915 MHz. Preferably, the excitation coil is configured as a non-helical, semi-cylindrical conductive surface having less than one turn, in the general shape of a wedding ring. At high frequencies, the current in the coil forms two loops which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. Configured appropriately, the coil approximates a Helmholtz configuration. The lamp preferably utilizes an bulb encased in a reflective ceramic cup with a pre-formed aperture defined therethrough. The ceramic cup may include structural features to aid in alignment and/or a flanged face to aid in thermal management.