Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery, and the lithium secondary battery of the present invention includes: a positive electrode including a first lithium-metal oxide including secondary particles formed by aggregating primary particles having a particle diameter of 2 ?m or less and a second lithium-metal oxide including nickel and at least one or more metals selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) and including particles having a primary particle diameter of 2 ?m or more; a negative electrode; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a nonaqueous organic solvent, and a difluorophosphite compound containing at least one or more difluorophosphite groups.

Abstract: A method for producing a block copolymer composition including a diblock copolymer and a triblock copolymer each containing a polyolefin-based block and a polystyrene-based block is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method includes reacting an organic zinc compound with one or more kinds of olefin-based monomers in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to form an intermediate having an olefin-based polymer block, reacting the intermediate styrene-based monomer in the presence of an alkyllithium compound to form a product having a styrene-based polymer block, and reacting the product with water, oxygen, or an organic acid to form a block copolymer wherein the number of moles of the alkyllithium compound used to form the product is larger than the number of moles of the organic zinc compound used to form the intermediate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a ceramic-carbon composite including a ceramic shell surrounding a hollow portion; and a carbon coating layer surrounding the ceramic shell, wherein the hollow portion is in a vacuum state, an electrode including the ceramic-carbon composite, and a secondary battery including the electrode. The ceramic-carbon composite of the present disclosure has excellent thermal barrier effect and electrical conductivity, and thus, when used in the electrode, non-ideal heat transfer between an electrode active material and an electrode current collector is blocked to prevent a thermal runaway phenomenon, to have an effect that can significantly improve safety of the secondary battery.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for determining a defect of a battery cell are disclosed. The defect determination apparatus according to an aspect includes: a temperature measurement unit configured to measure an aging temperature of the battery cell; a period determination unit configured to determine an aging period of the battery cell; an SOC determination unit configured to measure and determine a state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell at the start of aging; a voltage measurement unit configured to measure open circuit voltages (OCVs) of the battery cell at the start of aging and at the end of aging; and a defect determination unit configured to determine whether the battery cell is defective based on the aging temperature, the aging period, the SOC at the start of aging, the OCV at the start of aging and the OCV at the end of aging.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes active material particles containing a lithium-nickel metal oxide, and a tungsten-containing coating formed on at least portion of the active material particles. A content of tungsten measured by an ICP (inductively coupled plasma) is in a range from 100 ppm to 5,000 ppm, and a content of carbon measured by a CS (Carbon-Sulfur) analyzer is 500 ppm or less.

Abstract: A battery cell includes a casing provided with an accommodation space; and an electrode assembly accommodated in the accommodation space and contacting the casing. The electrode assembly may include a negative electrode including a first current collector and a negative electrode mixture applied to the first current collector; a positive electrode including a second current collector and a positive electrode mixture applied to the second current collector; a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a guide member accommodating at least one of the negative electrode and the positive electrode and pressurized or stretched by at least one of the negative electrode and the positive electrode to contract or expand.

Abstract: A battery cell includes a case provided with an accommodation space; and an electrode assembly accommodated in the accommodation space and contacting the case. The electrode assembly includes a negative electrode including a plurality of negative electrode current collectors, on which a negative electrode mixture is coated, and a deformation absorbing member interposed between the plurality of negative electrode current collectors; a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector on which a positive electrode mixture is coated; and a separator interposed between the negative electrode mixture and the positive electrode mixture. The deformation absorbing member may be interposed between surfaces, opposing a surface on which the negative electrode mixture is coated, of the negative electrode current collector and may be pressurized or stretched by at least one of the negative electrode and the positive electrode to contract or expand.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a separator for a secondary battery, capable of preventing heat from transferring to an adjacent region in an electrode even when non-ideal heat is generated by an electrode active material, a trigger point of thermal runaway. A separator for a secondary battery according to the present disclosure includes a porous polymer substrate and a ceramic layer provided on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate. The ceramic layer includes a ceramic composite. The ceramic composite includes a hollow portion, a ceramic shell surrounding the hollow portion, and a doping material dispersed in the ceramic shell. The hollow portion is in a vacuum state.

Abstract: A battery cell includes a case having an accommodating space, an electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator accommodated in the accommodating space, a first sealing portion formed outside the accommodating space in the case, and sealing the case, and a second sealing portion including a region of the case present outside of the first sealing portion, positioned farther away from the accommodating space than the first sealing portion, and sealing the case. The first sealing portion is formed to be inclined between the accommodating space and the second sealing portion.

Abstract: A battery cell sealing apparatus includes: a first sealing block and a second sealing block pressurizing a case, provided with an accommodation space in which an electrode assembly is accommodated, to seal the case; a moving unit connected to at least one of the first sealing block and the second sealing block and moving at least one of the first sealing block and the second sealing block; and a heating unit connected to the first sealing block and the second sealing block and supplying heat energy to the first sealing block and the second sealing block. The first sealing block and the second sealing block may include a plurality of block members, and may pressurize the case with the plurality of block members to form a plurality of sealing portions on the case.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a core portion comprising a lithium metal oxide particle, and a coating layer at least partially covering a surface of the core portion and including a lithium boron composite oxide. The lithium boron composite oxide is included in an amount from 100 ppm to 1,500 ppm based on a total weight of the cathode active material. A lithium secondary battery having improved structural stability and electrical property is provided using the cathode active material.

Abstract: The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes lithium-transition metal composite oxide particles having a crystal grain size of less than 300 nm measured through XRD analysis and an XRD peak intensity ratio of 7% or more. The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery with improved life-span properties and output properties by controlling the crystal grain size and XRD peak intensity ratio of lithium-transition metal composite oxide particles.

Abstract: The electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes: a lithium salt, a solvent, and a functional additive, wherein the functional additive contains a bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, expressed by Formula 1 below:

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode assembly including a separation layer, and a plurality of cathodes and a plurality of anodes separated by the separation layer and repeatedly stacked, and a gas adsorption layer coated on a single surface of an outermost anode among the plurality of anodes.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly that includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separator positioned between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, and is impregnated with an electrolyte; a lithium part disposed on a surface of the electrode assembly, electrically connected to the cathode electrode or the anode electrode, and supplying lithium to the electrode assembly or receiving lithium deintercalated from the electrode assembly; and a controller allowing supply of lithium ions from the lithium part to the electrode assembly or allowing deintercalation of lithium ions from the electrode assembly.

Abstract: A method for checking defects in a lithium ion secondary battery includes primarily charging and degassing the lithium ion secondary battery after manufacture of the secondary battery, secondarily charging and discharging the secondary battery and then measuring one or more of OCVs and IRs of lithium ion secondary battery cells; pressurizing and aging the secondary battery by aging the secondary battery in a state in which a pressure of a designated magnitude or more is applied to the secondary battery, and checking whether or not the secondary battery cells are defective by re-measuring the one or more of OCVs and IRs of the secondary battery cells and then comparing the re-measured one or more of the OCVs and the IRs to the previously measured one or more of the OCVs and the IRs.

Abstract: Disclose are a cathode of an all-solid lithium battery, and a secondary battery system using the same. The cathode includes a lithium composite, and a method of manufacturing the lithium composite comprises: dispersing a solid electrolyte to be uniformly distributed in the pores of a mesoporous conductor to provide a solid electrolyte composite, and coating the solid electrolyte composite on the surface of a lithium compound including nonmetallic solids such as S, Se, and Te.

Abstract: Provided is a method for administering a recombinant human growth hormone GX-H9 for treating growth hormone deficiency. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating growth hormone deficiency, containing a recombinant hGH GX-H9 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the recombinant GX-H9 is administered once a week with a dosage of 0.1 to 0.3 mg per weight kg of a patient or twice-monthly with a dosage of 0.1 to 0.4 mg per weight kg of the patient. Further, the present disclosure relates to a method for treating growth hormone deficiency including administering an recombinant hGH GX-H9 to a patient with growth hormone deficiency once a week with a dosage of 0.1 to 0.3 mg per weight kg of the patient or twice-monthly with a dosage of 0.1 to 0.4 mg per weight kg of the patient.

Abstract: A pouch type battery cell is provided. The battery cell includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode that overlap each other while spaced apart from each other. The negative electrode includes a pair of negative terminals that protrude from a first side of opposite ends of the negative electrode. Additionally, the positive electrode includes a pair of positive terminals that protrude from a second side of opposite ends of the positive electrode.