Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including an active area having pixels and a non-active area including a pad region. A pad electrode is disposed in the pad region and includes a first pad electrode and a second pad electrode disposed on the first pad electrode. A first insulating pattern is interposed between the first and second pad electrodes. In a plan view, the first insulating pattern is positioned inside the first pad electrode, and a portion of the second pad electrode overlapping the first insulating pattern protrudes further from the substrate in a thickness direction than a portion of the second pad electrode not overlapping the first insulating pattern. The second pad electrode directly contacts a portion of the upper surface of the first pad electrode. In a plan view, an area of the second pad electrode is greater than an area of the first pad electrode.

Abstract: In a method of killing or reducing a growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a composition including a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or 3 is administered to a subject in need thereof. The peptide can be usefully applied as an active ingredient for antibiotics, cosmetic compositions, food additives, feed additives, biological pesticides and quasi-drugs.

Abstract: A peptide according to an embodiment of the present in which, in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, (i) 2nd and 4th amino acids are each substituted with tryptophan (W); (ii) 2nd, 4th, 11st and 13rd amino acids are each substituted with tryptophan; and (iii) 2nd, 4th, 19th, 20th, 22nd, 23rd, 26th and 27th amino acids are each substituted with tryptophan. The peptide can be usefully applied as an active ingredient for antibiotics, cosmetic compositions, food additives, feed additives, biological pesticides and quasi-drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventatively treating headaches, containing: a carbamate compound of chemical formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvent or hydrate thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. According to the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition can effectively prevent a headache, more specifically, headaches caused by cortical spreading depression, and particularly, chronic headaches including migraines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventatively treating headaches, containing: a carbamate compound of chemical formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvent or hydrate thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. According to the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition can effectively prevent a headache, more specifically, headaches caused by cortical spreading depression, and particularly, chronic headaches including migraines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventatively treating headaches, containing: a carbamate compound of chemical formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvent or hydrate thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. According to the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition can effectively prevent a headache, more specifically, headaches caused by cortical spreading depression, and particularly, chronic headaches including migraines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibacterial and fungicidal peptide in which a lysine and tryptophan dipeptide is repeated. More specifically, the antibacterial and fungicidal peptide of the present invention, in which lysine and tryptophan dipeptide is repeated four times, shows excellent antibacterial activities with respect to gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and antibiotic-resistant strains by affecting the inner membrane of harmful microorganisms, has remarkable fungicidal activities with respect to pathogenic fungi and antibiotic-resistant fungi, and shows little cytotoxicity, and thus can be useful for a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, agricultural chemicals, a food preservative, a cosmetic preservative, and a pharmaceutical preservative.

Abstract: An optical modulation device or an optical device including the same includes: a first plate and a second plate facing the first plate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first plate and the second plate and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first plate includes a plurality of first electrodes and a first aligner, the second plate includes at least one second electrode and a second aligner, and an alignment direction of the first aligner is substantially parallel to an alignment direction of the second aligner and wherein portions of the first plate, the second plate, and the liquid crystal layer between the first and second plates are individual units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibacterial and fungicidal peptide in which a lysine and tryptophan dipeptide is repeated. More specifically, the antibacterial and fungicidal peptide of the present invention, in which lysine and tryptophan dipeptide is repeated four times, shows excellent antibacterial activities with respect to gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and antibiotic-resistant strains by affecting the inner membrane of harmful microorganisms, has remarkable fungicidal activities with respect to pathogenic fungi and antibiotic-resistant fungi, and shows little cytotoxicity, and thus can be useful for a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, agricultural chemicals, a food preservative, a cosmetic preservative, and a pharmaceutical preservative.

Abstract: A method for driving an optical modulation device is provided. The optical modulation device includes first and second portions. Each of the first and second portions includes a first plate, a second plate opposite to the first plate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second plates. The method includes forming a forward phase gradient in the first portion by applying a first driving signal to first and second electrodes in the first plate of the first portion and a third electrode in the second plate of the first portion. The method further includes forming a reverse phase gradient in the second portion by applying a second driving signal differing from the first driving signal to fourth and fifth electrodes in the first plate of the second portion and a sixth electrode in the second plate of the second portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a peptide derived from the Helicobacter pylori ribosomal protein L1, and the use of this peptide an antibiotic. More specifically, the peptide is derived by making site-specific substitution mutations in a peptide consisting of amino acids 2-20 of the Helicobacter pylori ribosomal protein L1. The resulting peptide has both antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory activity, but no cytotoxicity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes a lens area and a peripheral area. The lens area includes a plurality of liquid crystal lenses. Each of the plurality of liquid crystal lenses includes a plurality of electrodes. The peripheral area surrounds the lens area. The peripheral area includes a first bus line layer and a second bus line layer facing each other in a first direction. The first and second bus line layers include first bus lines and second bus lines, respectively. The first and second bus lines are electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes through one end of each electrode.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a driving method of a liquid crystal lens panel, including a driving method of a liquid crystal lens panel that includes a first plate including a first region, a second region, and first electrodes at the first region and the second region; a second plate facing the first plate and including second electrodes that face the first electrodes; and a liquid crystal layer between the first plate and the second plate to include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, including: forming a backward phase slope by applying a first driving signal to the first electrodes and the second electrodes which correspond to the first region; and forming a forward phase slope by applying a second driving signal that is different from the first driving signal to the first electrodes and the second electrodes which correspond to the second region.

Abstract: An optical modulation device includes a first plate, a second plate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first plate includes an active area and a peripheral area positioned around the active area. The liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first plate and the second plate and includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The first plate includes a first electrode, first and second voltage transmitting lines, and a first aligner. The second plate includes a second electrode and a second aligner. The first and second voltage transmitting lines are positioned at the peripheral area and extend in a direction crossing a direction in which the first electrode extends. The first electrode is electrically connected to the first voltage transmitting line in the peripheral area. The first electrode includes a portion overlapping the second voltage transmitting line.

Abstract: A method for driving an optical modulation device is provided. The optical modulation device includes first and second portions. Each of the first and second portions includes a first plate, a second plate opposite to the first plate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second plates. The method includes forming a forward phase gradient in the first portion by applying a first driving signal to first and second electrodes in the first plate of the first portion and a third electrode in the second plate of the first portion. The method further includes forming a reverse phase gradient in the second portion by applying a second driving signal differing from the first driving signal to fourth and fifth electrodes in the first plate of the second portion and a sixth electrode in the second plate of the second portion.

Abstract: An optical modulation device or an optical device including the same includes: a first plate and a second plate facing the first plate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first plate and the second plate and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first plate includes a plurality of first electrodes and a first aligner, the second plate includes at least one second electrode and a second aligner, and an alignment direction of the first aligner is substantially parallel to an alignment direction of the second aligner and wherein portions of the first plate, the second plate, and the liquid crystal layer between the first and second plates are individual units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antibiotic peptide originated from the ribosomal protein L1 of Helicobacter pylori and a use of the same. Particularly, the novel peptide represented by SEQ. ID. NO: 4 was synthesized by replacing phenylalanine, the 12th amino acid of the peptide composed of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ. ID. NO: 3, with proline. The present inventors confirmed that the novel peptide had a significant antibacterial activity but had no cytotoxicity. In addition, the inventors confirmed that the peptide of the invention had in vivo anti-inflammatory effect, so that the novel peptide can be used as an active ingredient of a natural antibacterial agent.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens panel includes a display area and a periphery area disposed outside the display area. A first substrate including a plurality of linear electrodes is disposed in a display area. A plurality of bus lines is disposed on a periphery area. A common voltage line is disposed parallel to the plurality of bus lines The liquid crystal lens panel includes a second substrate including a common electrode. The second substrate faces the first substrate. A sealing member is disposed along the periphery area and bonds the first substrate and the second substrate to each other. The common voltage line is disposed between each of the plurality of bus lines. The sealing member is disposed on the common voltage line. The sealing member electrically connects the common voltage line and the common electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes a lens area and a peripheral area. The lens area includes a plurality of liquid crystal lenses. Each of the plurality of liquid crystal lenses includes a plurality of electrodes. The peripheral area surrounds the lens area. The peripheral area includes a first bus line layer and a second bus line layer facing each other in a first direction. The first and second bus line layers include first bus lines and second bus lines, respectively. The first and second bus lines are electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes through one end of each electrode.

Abstract: A display device and a driving method thereof is provided. The display device includes a display panel displaying an image and a liquid crystal lens panel including a liquid crystal lens. The liquid crystal lens panel includes a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer includes a plurality of electrodes. A common voltage is applied to the second electrode layer. First and second voltages are applied to first and second electrodes, respectively. The first and second electrodes are in a first zone and a second zone, respectively and are adjacent to a boundary between the first zone and a second zone.