Abstract: A valve opening and closing apparatus includes a rocker arm which is in contact with a cam and causes a valve to be opened and closed using rotation of the cam. In particular, the valve opening and closing apparatus includes an eccentricity-creating unit which is disposed on the rocker arm and changes an eccentric position using rotation. A contact-maintaining unit of the valve opening and closing apparatus is disposed between the rocker arm and the eccentricity-creating unit so as to maintain the contact between the cam and the rocker arm when the cam is rotating.

Abstract: Embodiments of a display apparatus of an energy management system are presented. The display apparatus may include: a first screen updating unit including a drawing unit configured to determine a screen to be output based on a screen operation input and update data and an object included in the determined screen to configure an output-scheduled screen and a first temporary storage unit configured to store the configured output-scheduled screen; and a second screen updating unit configured to receive the stored output-scheduled screen and output the received output-scheduled screen through a screen output unit.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing voltages of a fuel cell vehicle may synchronize the voltages of high voltage components in real time regardless of the completion of vehicle start-up in order to improve performance and control precision within a full range of operable voltages. The method includes a default voltage synchronization step in which, when the fuel cell vehicle starts, the voltages of the high voltage components are corrected based on an offset value, stored in advance in multiple auxiliary controllers for controlling the high voltage components, and the corrected voltages are further corrected according to a default voltage synchronization command of a main controller; and a real-time voltage synchronization step in which, after the default voltage synchronization step, the main controller transmits a target offset value to the auxiliary controllers, and the auxiliary controllers correct the voltages based on the target offset value.

Abstract: A gamma reference voltage generator includes first and second resistors between a base voltage source and an input node, a third resistor coupled to a first node between the first resistor and the second resistor, a first transistor coupled to the input node and coupled to a first output node, a fourth resistor coupled between the first transistor and the input node, an operational amplifier coupled to the first node and coupled to a second terminal of the third resistor, a second transistor coupled to the first transistor, coupled to the second terminal of the third resistor and a second output node, and coupled to an output terminal of the operational amplifier, a fifth resistor and a first capacitor coupled in parallel between the second output node and the base voltage source, and a plurality of resistors coupled between the first output node and the second output node.

Abstract: A power supply device for an internal antenna of a display is provided. The power supply device includes at least two coils configured to be separated by a predetermined interval and a power supply terminal of the at least two coils to connect the at least two coils in parallel. An integrated circuit (IC) includes the power supply terminal of the at least two coils connects the at least two coils in parallel and supplies a current to the at least two coils through the included power supply terminal. Phases of the current flowing in the at least two coils are the same due to the current supplied by the IC.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter includes: a switching circuit to change a voltage value of an input voltage, and to generate an output voltage; a feedback circuit connected between an output terminal to which the output voltage is supplied and a source of a first power, and to generate a feedback voltage corresponding to the output voltage; a gate pulse generator to generate a gate pulse to be supplied to the switching circuit by utilizing the feedback voltage; a current protector to control the switching circuit by utilizing the feedback voltage and the gate pulse; and a voltage protector to control the switching circuit by utilizing the feedback voltage.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, a conductive film, a touch panel and a pressure-sensitive adhesive film. The exemplary pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, the conductive film or the pressure-sensitive adhesive film has excellent durability and optical properties such as transparency. In addition, such physical properties are stably maintained under severe conditions. Particularly, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to a conductor thin film, and thus resistance change of the conductor thin film is effectively inhibited even when the conductor thin film is exposed to the severe conditions. Therefore, the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may be effectively used to manufacture a touch panel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing illegitimate outflow of an electronic document. The apparatus includes a taking-out control unit, a taking-out management server unit, and a self-response agent unit. The taking-out control unit generates a virtual disk for storing an electronic document to be controlled, and controls the taking-out of the electronic document. The taking-out management server unit authenticates whether the taking-out of the electronic document is legitimate taking-out. The self-response agent unit performs self-extinction when a result indicating illegitimate outflow is received from the taking-out management server unit.

Abstract: Deposition of material is performed on a substrate by causing short-distance reciprocating motions of the substrate that improve uniformity of material on the substrate. A series of reactors for injecting material onto the substrate is arranged along the length of the substrate in a repeating manner. During each reciprocating motion, the susceptor moves a distance shorter than an entire length of the substrate. Portions of the substrate are injected with materials by a subset of reactors. Since the movement of the substrate is smaller, a linear deposition device including the susceptor may be made smaller.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes: an engine; a driving motor/generator connected to an output shaft of the engine; a connection unit disposed between the engine and the driving motor/generator to separate the engine from the driving motor/generator when the engine is stopped and to connect the engine to the driving motor/generator when the engine is operated; a manual transmission connected to the driving motor/generator, for directly varying gear ratio without using an engine clutch according to a driving speed and a torque generated by the driving motor/generator and/or the engine; a position sensor for detecting a position of a manual gearshift lever; and a central control unit connected to the engine, the driving motor/generator, the connection unit, and the manual transmission.

Abstract: Provided is a system for providing social network service (SNS) and a method for setting relationship between users of mobile terminals. The system may include a reception unit to receive location information on a user terminal allowing the location information to be shared in response to a friend request from the user terminal, a user terminal identification unit to identify at least one other user terminal present within a preset distance based on the location information on the user terminal and allows location information to be shared, a user information transmission unit to identify and send user information on the other user terminal to the user terminal, and a relationship setting unit to set a relationship between users of the user terminal and the other user terminal when the user information on the other user terminal is selected in the user terminal.

Abstract: A separator includes a non-woven fabric substrate having pores, fine thermoplastic powder located inside the pores of the non-woven fabric substrate, and a porous coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the non-woven fabric substrate. The fine thermoplastic powder has an average diameter smaller than that of the pores and a melting point lower than the melting or decomposition point of the non-woven fabric substrate. The porous coating layer includes a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer whose melting point is higher than the melting or decomposition point of the fine thermoplastic powder. In the porous coating layer, the inorganic particles are fixedly connected to each other by the binder polymer and the pores are formed by interstitial volumes between the inorganic particles. Previous filling of the large pores of the non-woven fabric substrate with the fine thermoplastic powder makes the porous coating layer uniform.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, a conductive film, a touch panel and a pressure-sensitive adhesive film. The exemplary pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, the conductive film or the pressure-sensitive adhesive film has excellent durability and optical properties such as transparency. In addition, such physical properties are stably maintained under severe conditions. Particularly, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to a conductor thin film, and thus resistance change of the conductor thin film is effectively inhibited even when the conductor thin film is exposed to the severe conditions. Therefore, the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may be effectively used to manufacture a touch panel.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same. The solar cell comprises asymmetric nanowires each of which has an angled sidewall, and thus incident light can be concentrated at a p-n junction portion by means of a total reflection phenomenon of light caused by the difference between the refractive indices of a semiconductor layer and a transparent electrode layer, and light absorption may increase due to an increase in the light travel distance, thus improving photoelectric efficiency. Further, the method for manufacturing the solar cell involves etching a substrate and integrally forming the substrate and a p-type semiconductor layer including the asymmetric nanowires each of which has the angled sidewalls, thereby enabling reduced manufacturing costs and simple and easy manufacture of the nanowires having the angled sidewalls.

Abstract: A photomask includes a focus metrology mark region that includes a plurality of focus monitor patterns. To measure a focal variation of a feature pattern formed on a substrate, a substrate target for lithography metrology including a focus metrology mark formed on the same level as the feature pattern is used. A lithography metrology apparatus includes a projection device including a polarizer; a detection device detecting the powers of ±n-order diffracted light beams from among output beams diffracted by the focus metrology mark of a to-be-measured substrate; and a determination device which determines, from a power deviation between the ±n-order diffracted light beams, defocus experienced by the feature pattern.

Abstract: A touch pad with a simple structure to enable an electronic device to be manufactured more slimly and with low manufacturing costs. The touch pad includes a cover having a plurality of function icons a cover frame to support the cover, the cover frame including a plurality of light guide hollows, and a board, which is engaged with the cover frame and includes touch sensors and luminous elements to illuminate the function icons mounted thereon, the touch sensors and luminous elements being respectively mounted at positions on the board corresponding to the plurality of function icons.