Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an adenosine derivative which can be usefully used for preventing or treating cholangitis or a liver disease caused by cholangitis, and the composition comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: An evaporative humidifier for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, comprising: a condensation channel to which exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack is introduced; an evaporation channel to which supply gas for the fuel cell stack is introduced; a partition wall for separating the condensation channel and the evaporation channel from each other; and a water distribution unit for supplying water into the evaporation channel, wherein the water is condensed in the condensation channel by heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the supply gas.

Abstract: Disclosed are a portable refrigerator with a fuel cell system and an operating method thereof. The portable refrigerator with a fuel cell system comprises a case having a storage space, a fuel cell stack disposed in the case, a gas tank configured to store gas necessary to operate the fuel cell stack, a fan configured to cool the fuel cell stack and supply air to the fuel stack, a thermoelectric cooling means disposed in the case, and configured to cool the storage space, a battery charged by the fuel cell stack, and configured to supply power to the thermoelectric cooling means, and a controller configured to control the fuel cell stack and the thermoelectric cooling means.

Abstract: Provided are an electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment and a self-generation system having the same. The electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment includes: a piezoelectric beam having an end fixed to a movement type equipment and other end with a mass; and a rectifier unit for rectifying and storing electric energy generated due to deformation of the piezoelectric beam. The self-generation system includes: a movement type equipment; and an electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment including a piezoelectric beam having an end fixed to a movement type equipment and other end with a mass, and a rectifier unit for rectifying and storing electric energy generated due to deformation of the piezoelectric beam.

Abstract: Provided are an electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment and a self-generation system having the same. The electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment includes: a piezoelectric beam having an end fixed to a movement type equipment and other end with a mass; and a rectifier unit for rectifying and storing electric energy generated due to deformation of the piezoelectric beam. The self-generation system includes: a movement type equipment; and an electric power generating apparatus for a movement type equipment including a piezoelectric beam having an end fixed to a movement type equipment and other end with a mass, and a rectifier unit for rectifying and storing electric energy generated due to deformation of the piezoelectric beam.

Abstract: There is provided a micro power generator enhanced in efficiency and power generation output, and having an increased temperature range for operation. The micro power generator comprises: a high-temperature heat source; a low-temperature heat source; an enclosed body containing a working substance therein, the enclosed body being deformable by means of a phase change of the working substance between a first shape wherein heat can be transferred from the high-temperature heat source and a second shape wherein heat can be transferred to the low-temperature heat source; a permanent magnet constituting the enclosed body, the permanent magnet being maintained in a first position when the enclosed body has the first shape and in a second position when the enclosed body has the second shape; and a wire in which an electric current is induced by a movement of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: An evaporative humidifier for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack, comprising: a condensation channel to which exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack is introduced; an evaporation channel to which supply gas for the fuel cell stack is introduced; a partition wall for separating the condensation channel and the evaporation channel from each other; and a water distribution unit for supplying water into the evaporation channel, wherein the water is condensed in the condensation channel by heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the supply gas.

Abstract: There is provided a micro power generator enhanced in efficiency and power generation output, and having an increased temperature range for operation. The micro power generator comprises: a high-temperature heat source; a low-temperature heat source; an enclosed body containing a working substance therein, the enclosed body being deformable by means of a phase change of the working substance between a first shape wherein heat can be transferred from the high-temperature heat source and a second shape wherein heat can be transferred to the low-temperature heat source; a permanent magnet constituting the enclosed body, the permanent magnet being maintained in a first position when the enclosed body has the first shape and in a second position when the enclosed body has the second shape; and a wire in which an electric current is induced by a movement of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator is provided with a housing having a heat source and a heat sink opposite to the heat source in the housing. An upper diaphragm and a lower diaphragm separated from the upper diaphragm by a constant distance are further provided, which are deformable between a first position where the lower diaphragm is thermally connected to the heat source while the upper diaphragm being thermally shut off from the heat sink, and a second position where the upper diaphragm is thermally connected to the heat sink while the lower diaphragm being thermally shut off from the heat source. Further, the upper diaphragm and the lower diaphragm are adapted to generate electric energy whenever being deformed.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator is provided with a housing having a heat source and a heat sink opposite to the heat source in the housing. An upper diaphragm and a lower diaphragm separated from the upper diaphragm by a constant distance are further provided, which are deformable between a first position where the lower diaphragm is thermally connected to the heat source while the upper diaphragm being thermally shut off from the heat sink, and a second position where the upper diaphragm is thermally connected to the heat sink while the lower diaphragm being thermally shut off from the heat source. Further, the upper diaphragm and the lower diaphragm are adapted to generate electric energy whenever being deformed.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator has a liquid chamber, a heating block, an elongated elastic piezoelectric plate and a pair of electrodes. The liquid chamber is defined by bottom blocks which include the heating block and side walls, and can maintain a liquid. The heating block generates bubbles within the liquid chamber. The elongated elastic piezoelectric plate has a piezoelectric material layer, and is positioned in the liquid chamber adjacent to an upper portion of the heating block. The elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is deformable by contact with the bubbles, wherein a first end of the elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is a free end and a second end of the elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is a fixed end. The pair of electrodes are electrically connected to the piezoelectric material layer.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator has a housing, a heater, a cooler, a heat transfer member, a supporting member, and fluid. The heater is formed in the housing and the cooler is formed in the housing opposite to the heater. The heat transfer member is positioned between the heater and the cooler and is provided with a first surface facing the heater and a second surface facing the cooler. The supporting member supports the heat transfer member at an external portion of the heat transferring member and is deformable between a first position where the heat transferring member is positioned adjacent to the heater, and a second position where the heat transferring member is positioned adjacent to the cooler. The supporting member also partitions the housing into a sealed first space at a side of the heater and a second space at a side of the cooler. The fluid is charged in the sealed first space.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator has a liquid chamber, a heating block, an elongated elastic piezoelectric plate and a pair of electrodes. The liquid chamber is defined by bottom blocks which include the heating block and side walls, and can maintain a liquid. The heating block generates bubbles within the liquid chamber. The elongated elastic piezoelectric plate has a piezoelectric material layer, and is positioned in the liquid chamber adjacent to an upper portion of the heating block. The elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is deformable by contact with the bubbles, wherein a first end of the elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is a free end and a second end of the elongated elastic piezoelectric plate is a fixed end. The pair of electrodes are electrically connected to the piezoelectric material layer.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical generator has a housing, a heater, a cooler, a heat transfer member, a supporting member, and fluid. The heater is formed in the housing and the cooler is formed in the housing opposite to the heater. The heat transfer member is positioned between the heater and the cooler and is provided with a first surface facing the heater and a second surface facing the cooler. The supporting member supports the heat transfer member at an external portion of the heat transferring member and is deformable between a first position where the heat transferring member is positioned adjacent to the heater, and a second position where the heat transferring member is positioned adjacent to the cooler. The supporting member also partitions the housing into a sealed first space at a side of the heater and a second space at a side of the cooler. The fluid is charged in the sealed first space.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating uniformly sized spherical ice particles. The apparatus comprises a water feed pump, a vacuum chamber connected to the water feed pump and having a water spray nozzle, boosters discharging the vapor from the vacuum chamber to maintain the inside of the vacuum chamber below a desired pressure and compressing it, a condenser for condensing the vapor being compressed by the boosters, and a vacuum pump for removing noncondensable gases from the condenser.