Abstract: Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a lithium salt; an organic solvent; and a compound represented by Formula 1 as an additive: wherein in Formula 1, R1 may be an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted with fluorine, an aryl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted with fluorine, or a nitrile group; and R2 to R4 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A composition for preventing, ameliorating or treating a respiratory disease includes fermented Centella asiatica extract as effective component. The composition is effective in, in bronchial epithelial cells as respiratory cells, reducing the production amount of the inflammatory chemokine RANTES, protecting damaged cells induced by LPS, and reducing the expression level of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, and it can also reduce the neutrophil count and regulate the expression level of inflammatory cytokines or chemokines in an animal model of lung injury. Accordingly, it can be advantageously used for a functional health food for preventing or ameliorating a respiratory disease, or a pharmaceutical product for preventing or treating a respiratory disease.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte includes an organic solvent, a compound represented by Formula 1 as a first additive, and a compound represented by Formula 2 or Formula 3 as a second additive: in the formulas, R and R1 to R6 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes: a negative electrode including a silicon-based negative electrode active material; a positive electrode; a separator; and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains: a lithium salt; an organic solvent; a compound of Formula 1 as a first additive; and a compound of Formula 2 as a second additive. Here, R is an alkylene group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which is substituted with fluorine, and R1 to R3 are each independently any one selected from the group consisting of H, an alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a nitrile group. Here, R4 to R7 are each independently any one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which is substituted with fluorine, and an alkenyl group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, which is substituted with fluorine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antibody specifically binding to OX40L and a bispecific antibody specifically binding to OX40L and TNF? and, specifically, to an antibody or a bispecific antibody specifically binding to human OX40L to effectively inhibit the binding of OX40 to an OX40 receptor; a nucleic acid encoding the antibody; an expression vector comprising the nucleic acid; a transformant comprising the expression vector; a method for preparing the antibody; a pharmaceutical composition for treating autoimmune diseases or inflammatory diseases, comprising the antibody; a composition for diagnosing autoimmune diseases or inflammatory diseases, comprising the antibody; a method for diagnosing autoimmune diseases or inflammatory diseases by using the antibody; a method for providing information on diagnosis of autoimmune diseases or inflammatory diseases by using the antibody; and a kit for providing the same.

Abstract: A substrate carrier may include a carrier body and a first sensor unit. The carrier body may include an internal space, an inlet port and an outlet port. The internal space may be configured to receive a substrate. A purge gas may be introduced into the internal space through the inlet port. A gas in the internal space may be exhausted through the outlet port. The first sensor unit may be at the outlet port and configured to detect environmental properties of the internal space in real time. Thus, a generation or cause of a contaminant in the carrier body may be accurately identified.

Abstract: A substrate carrier may include a carrier body and a first sensor unit. The carrier body may include an internal space, an inlet port and an outlet port. The internal space may be configured to receive a substrate. A purge gas may be introduced into the internal space through the inlet port. A gas in the internal space may be exhausted through the outlet port. The first sensor unit may be at the outlet port and configured to detect environmental properties of the internal space in real time. Thus, a generation or cause of a contaminant in the carrier body may be accurately identified.

Abstract: A plating method includes supplying a plating solution into a plating bath, immersing a first substrate having a lower metal interconnection and a photoresist pattern in the plating solution, performing a first plating process and forming a first plating pattern on the first substrate, removing the first substrate from the plating solution, collecting a sample of the plating solution, analyzing a photoresist residue included in the sample, immersing a second substrate in the plating solution, and performing a second plating process and forming a second plating pattern on the second substrate.