Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a semiconductor chip are provided. The methods may include providing a semiconductor substrate including integrated circuit regions and a cut region. The cut region may be between the integrated circuit regions. The methods may also include forming a modified layer by emitting a laser beam into the semiconductor substrate along the cut region, polishing an inactive surface of the semiconductor substrate to propagate a crack from the modified layer, and separating the integrated circuit regions along the crack. The cut region may include a plurality of multilayer metal patterns on an active surface of the semiconductor substrate, which is opposite to the inactive surface of the semiconductor substrate. The plurality of multilayer metal patterns may form a pyramid structure when viewed in cross section.

Abstract: A display device comprises a substrate; a circuit array layer comprising pixel drivers, data lines, first dummy lines, and second dummy lines; and a light emitting array layer. The display area comprises middle, first side, and second side regions. The data lines comprise first, second, and third data lines disposed in the middle, first side, and second side regions, respectively. The first dummy lines comprise a first data detour line disposed in the first side region and adjacent to a part of the second data line, and auxiliary lines. The second dummy lines comprise a second data detour line configured to connect the first data detour line to the third data line, and additional lines. The auxiliary lines comprise a bias auxiliary line to which a bias power is applied; and a second power auxiliary line to which a second power is applied.

Abstract: A urea solution mixing chamber for a diesel vehicle that increases a purification rate of NOx by increasing a vaporization rate of a urea solution by use of a urea solution vaporization component, includes a flow guide configured to guide a flow of exhaust gas while collecting the flow of the exhaust gas toward a catalyst, a urea solution injector disposed rearward of the flow guide and configured to distribute and inject a urea solution, an impactor provided on an internal surface of the flow guide configured to collect the exhaust gas, the impactor being configured to atomize the urea solution injected from the urea solution injector, and vaporization fins configured to vaporize the atomized urea solution by bringing the atomized urea solution into contact with the vaporization fins and mix the vaporized urea solution with the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A urea injection control method in an exhaust after-treatment system includes: performing an ammonia slip prevention logic that adjusts a urea injection amount based on the highest temperature during a predetermined period of time from an end point of filter regeneration to a thermal equilibrium point when a temperature of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst is higher than or equal to a predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration; and adjusting a urea injection amount based on an ammonia storage amount map when the temperature of the SCR catalyst is lower than or equal to the predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration. In particular, the thermal equilibrium point is a point at which a temperature of a filter is close or equal to an exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: A urea injection control method in an exhaust after-treatment system includes: performing an ammonia slip prevention logic that adjusts a urea injection amount based on the highest temperature during a predetermined period of time from an end point of filter regeneration to a thermal equilibrium point when a temperature of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst is higher than or equal to a predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration; and adjusting a urea injection amount based on an ammonia storage amount map when the temperature of the SCR catalyst is lower than or equal to the predetermined threshold temperature at the end point of the filter regeneration. In particular, the thermal equilibrium point is a point at which a temperature of a filter is close or equal to an exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 2 stage rotary compressor including a hermetic container (101), an electric motor (110) composed of an stator (111), a rotor (112) and a rotation axis (113), a low pressure compression assembly (120) including a low pressure cylinder (121), a high pressure compression (130) assembly including a high pressure cylinder (131), a middle plate (140) for separating the low pressure cylinder (121) from the high pressure cylinder (131), middle pressure communication holes (161a, 140a) formed in the low pressure cylinder (121) and the middle plate (140) to communicate with each other, and a middle pressure inflow groove (130a) formed in the high pressure cylinder (131) to communicate with the communication holes (161a, 140a) of the low pressure cylinder (121) and the middle plate (140).

Abstract: The present invention provides a 2 stage rotary compressor (100) including a hermetic container (101), a 2 stage compression assembly provided in the hermetic container, wherein a low pressure compression assembly (120), a middle plate (130) and a high pressure compression assembly (140) are successively stacked from any one of upper and lower portions, a first discharge port (124) for discharging middle pressure refrigerant compressed in the low pressure compression assembly (120) a second discharge port (162p) for discharging high pressure refrigerant compressed in the high pressure compression assembly (130) and a third discharge port (172p) positioned at any one of the upper and lower portions of the 2 stage compression assembly to discharge high pressure refrigerant compressed in the 2 stage compression assembly to the hermetic container (101), wherein an area of the third discharge port (172p) is larger than 0.5 times of an area of the first discharge port and smaller than 1.0 times thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor. The reciprocating compressor includes a latching unit by which a piston is reciprocated by two times a total eccentric amount obtained by adding an eccentric amount of an eccentric portion to an eccentric amount of an eccentric sleeve in a power mode, while the piston is reciprocated by two times the eccentric amount of the eccentric portion in a saving mode, accordingly the piston can have an upper dead point same in the power mode and the saving mode, thereby reducing a dead volume between the piston and a discharge valve and increasing a variable ratio of a cooling capacity of the compressor in the saving mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor. The reciprocating compressor includes a latching unit by which a piston is reciprocated by two times a total eccentric amount obtained by adding an eccentric amount of an eccentric portion to an eccentric amount of an eccentric sleeve in a power mode, while the piston is reciprocated by two times the eccentric amount of the eccentric portion in a saving mode, accordingly the piston can have an upper dead point same in the power mode and the saving mode, thereby reducing a dead volume between the piston and a discharge valve and increasing a variable ratio of a cooling capacity of the compressor in the saving mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 2 stage rotary compressor (100) including a hermetic container (101), a 2 stage compression assembly provided in the hermetic container, wherein a low pressure compression assembly (120), a middle plate (130) and a high pressure compression assembly (140) are successively stacked from any one of upper and lower portions, a first discharge port (124) for discharging middle pressure refrigerant compressed in the low pressure compression assembly (120) a second discharge port (162p) for discharging high pressure refrigerant compressed in the high pressure compression assembly (130) and a third discharge port (172p) positioned at any one of the upper and lower portions of the 2 stage compression assembly to discharge high pressure refrigerant compressed in the 2 stage compression assembly to the hermetic container (101), wherein an area of the third discharge port (172p) is larger than 0.5 times of an area of the first discharge port and smaller than 1.0 times thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 2 stage rotary compressor including a hermetic container (101), an electric motor (110) provided in the hermetic container (101) and composed of an stator (111), a rotor (112) and a rotation axis (113), a low pressure compression assembly (120) including a low pressure cylinder (121), a low pressure eccentric portion (122) rotated along an inner diameter of the low pressure cylinder (121) due to rotation of the rotation axis (113), a low pressure roller (123) rotatably coupled to the outside of the low pressure eccentric portion (122), and a low pressure vane (124) for partitioning off an inner space of the low pressure cylinder (121), a high pressure compression (130) assembly including a high pressure cylinder (131), a high pressure eccentric portion (132) rotated along an inner diameter of the high pressure cylinder (130) due to rotation of the rotation axis (113) a high pressure roller (133) rotatably coupled to the outside of the high pressure eccentric portion (132), and