Abstract: Provided are: a culture fluid for hydroponics accompanied by a large amount of water absorption by plants; an additive for a culture fluid, the additive enabling such a culture fluid to be readily prepared; and a cultivation method in which the same is used. A culture fluid for hydroponics contains water-soluble polymeric molecules, and has a surface tension at 20° C. of 45 mN/m or more and 70 mN/m or less, and a kinematic viscosity at 30° C. of 0.8 mm2/s or more and 2.00 mm2/s or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vinyl alcohol polymer having properties comparable to the properties of vinyl alcohol polymers of solely petroleum origin, and, in using the vinyl alcohol polymer (PVA), saves petroleum resources, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions in production processes. The present invention relates to a vinyl alcohol polymer (X) obtained through saponification after polymerization of a plant-derived vinyl ester monomer (A) and a petroleum-derived vinyl ester monomer (B), and having a mole ratio (A)/(B) of 5/95 to 100/0.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion may include: an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) as a dispersant; and a polymer (B) containing an unsaturated ethylenic monomer unit as a dispersoid, wherein the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) has a content of ethylene units of 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol % and a block character of the ethylene units from 0.90 to 0.99. The aqueous emulsion may contain the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A), as a dispersant, having a specific structure and is thus excellent in storage stability at low temperatures and water-resistant adhesiveness.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous dispersion that enables production of a film having improved water resistance, tensile elastic modulus, and stress at break, and with which a decrease of strain at break can be reduced in the film. The present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion comprising an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) and a cellulose nanofiber, the ethylene unit content of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) being 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol %.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion may include: an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) as a dispersant; and a polymer (B) containing an unsaturated ethylenic monomer unit as a dispersoid, wherein the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) has a content of ethylene units of 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol % and a block character of the ethylene units from 0.90 to 0.99. The aqueous emulsion may contain the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A), as a dispersant, having a specific structure and is thus excellent in storage stability at low temperatures and water-resistant adhesiveness.

Abstract: A water-based adhesive for a paper straw, comprising: an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A); and water, wherein the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) has a content of ethylene units of 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol % and a block character of the ethylene units from 0.90 to 0.99. The water-based adhesive contains the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) having a specific structure, and is thus excellent in balance between the rapid coatability, the film strength, the initial adhesiveness, the dynamic water resistance, and the acid resistance, and particularly excellent in the rapid coatability, the film strength, and the acid resistance.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion may include an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) as a dispersant and a polymer (B) which contains an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit as a dispersoid, wherein the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) has an ethylene unit content of 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol %; and a crystallinity in water at 30° C. (Cw (30° C.)) and a crystallinity in water at 70° C. (Cw (70° C.)) as determined by pulse NMR satisfying formula (I). Such aqueous emulsions can form fewer aggregates and exhibit excellent water-resistant adhesiveness and excellent film formability.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous emulsion that excels in heat resistance, water resistance (particularly, hot water resistance and boiling resistance), and viscosity stability. The present invention relates to an aqueous emulsion comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit-containing polymer (A) as a dispersoid and a vinyl alcohol polymer (B) as a dispersant, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit-containing polymer (A) comprises: a structural unit derived from a radical-polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer (p) having a functional group represented by the following general formula (P); and a structural unit derived from a radical-polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer (q) having a functional group represented by the following general formula (Q), wherein X and Y are the same or different, and each represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, Z is an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, * represents a bond, and m is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a polyvinyl alcohol composition having higher amorphous polyvinyl alcohol polymer content and various end uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a polyvinyl alcohol composition having higher amorphous polyvinyl alcohol polymer content and various end uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a polyvinyl alcohol composition having higher amorphous polyvinyl alcohol polymer content, a process for making such a polyvinyl alcohol composition, and various end uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a polyvinyl alcohol composition having higher amorphous polyvinyl alcohol polymer content, a process for making such a polyvinyl alcohol composition, and various end uses thereof.