Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound useful as a constituent of an organic EL device. Also disclosed is a practical organic EL device using this compound. This organic EL device has low driving voltage, long life, and reduced leakage current. Specifically disclosed is a compound characterized by having at least one structure (1) shown below in a molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound useful as a constituent of an organic EL device. Also disclosed is a practical organic EL device using this compound. This organic EL device has low driving voltage, long life, and reduced leakage current. Specifically disclosed is a compound characterized by having at least one structure (1) shown below in a molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel aromatic amine derivative enabling to obtain an organic electroluminescence device which is driven under a low voltage, exhibits small increase in the driving voltage after continuous driving for a long time and has a long life. The amine derivative is represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, R1 to R7 each represent, for example, hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 50 nuclear carbon atoms; a represents an integer of 1 or greater; b, c, g and h each represent an integer of 1 to 5, and d, e and f each represent an integer of 1 to 4; and Ar1 and Ar2 represent a group represented by following general formulae (2) and (3), respectively, and the groups represented by Ar1 and Ar2 are not same with each other. R8 to R11 each represent, for example, hydrogen atom; and i and m each represent an integer of 1 to 5, j and k each represent an integer of 1 to 4, n and p each represent an integer of 0 or greater, and n?p.

Abstract: A searching apparatus and a method thereof using a management table. A hierarchical structure of directories is created in a recording medium. With respect to at least one directory to be considered, the management table is associated with a list of contents of another directory other than the directory to be considered. In searching for a file, it is not necessary to move from the directory to be considered, and any directories or files which satisfy a specified searching condition are retrieved by looking up the management table of the directory to be considered.

Abstract: A searching apparatus and a method thereof using a management table. A hierarchical structure of directories is created in a recording medium. With respect to at least one directory to be considered, the management table is associated with a list of contents of another directory other than the directory to be considered. In searching for a file, it is not necessary to move from the directory to be considered, and any directories or files which satisfy a specified searching condition are retrieved by looking up the management table of the directory to be considered.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymerization catalyst comprising (a) a specific transition metal compound, (b) (i) a compound which can form a complex by reaction with the transition metal compound of component (a) or (ii) a specific compound containing oxygen, and optionally, (c) an alkylating agent, and a process for producing polymers in the presence of said polymerization catalyst.By using the polymerization catalyst of the present invention, decrease in the contents of residual metals in obtained polymers, simplification of the process for producing polymers, and reduction of the production cost of polymers can be achieved, and polymers having a high molecular weight can be obtained.

Abstract: An addition unit adds information for managing a plurality of image-data files to directory information packets. A managing unit utilizes the added information for managing the plurality of image-data files. A retrieving unit retrieves, in accordance with an input retrieving information, a desired image-data file from among the plurality of image-data files recorded on a recording medium. An image-data input and output interfacing unit interfaces for input and output of image-data files. A recording-medium interfacing unit interfaces for information input and output by means of the recording medium. An output video-signal producing unit produces a video signal for output, the producing being effected by converting the retrieved image-data file into a corresponding analog video signal and using the analog video signal as the video signal for output.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst for polymerization comprising (A) a transition metal compound containing at least one linkage represented by the general formula (I):M.sup.1 --Z--C (I)wherein M.sup.1 represents a metal element of Groups 3 to 6 or the lanthanide series, and Z represents an element of Group 15, in one molecule, (B) (a) a compound which can form an ionic complex by the reaction with the transition metal compound or (b) a specific oxygen-containing compound, and (C) a metal compound containing alkyl group which is optionally used; and a process for producing a styrenic polymer, particularly a styrenic polymer having a highly syndiotactic configuration, comprising using this catalyst for polymerization.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a styrenic polymer, especially, syndiotactic polystyrene, which comprises polymerizing a styrenic monomer by the use of (a) a transition metal compound, (b) a coordination complex compound comprising an anion in which a plurality of radicals are bonded to a metal and a cation or methylaluminoxane, (c) an alkylating agent (alkyl group-containing aluminum, magnesium or zinc compound) and (d) a reaction product between a straight-chain alkylaluminum having at least two carbon atoms and water (alkylaluminoxane). The above process is capable of simplifying the production process and producing high-performance styrenic polymer having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in high catalytic activity without deteriorating the catalyst activity, increasing the amounts of residual metals in the objective polymer or leaving the decomposition products of the alkylaluminum therein, thereby curtailing the production cost of the objective polymer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS) which comprises polymerizing a styrenic monomer having a content of indene-based compounds of at most 50 ppm by bringing a polymerization catalyst into contact with the above styrenic monomer, which catalyst preferably comprises an (A) transition metal compound (e.g. Ti compound) and (B) an (a) compound capable of reacting with the above transition metal compound (component (A)) to form an ionic complex (e.g. DMAB) or a (b) oxygen atom-containing compound (e.g. MAO), and optionally a (C) alkyl group-containing metallic compound (e.g. TIBA). By virtue of using the above styrenic monomer, the process enables to minimize the amount of the residual metals in the resultant styrenic polymer without deterioration of the catalytic activity, simplify the process and thereby curtail the production cost of SPS.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a styrenic polymer, especially, syndiotactic polystyrene, which comprises polymerizing a styrenic monomer by the use of a (a) transition metal compound, a (b) coordination complex compound comprising an anion in which a plurality of racicals are bonded to a metal and a cation or a Lewis acid, a (c) alkylating agent (alkyl group-containing aluminum, magnesium or zinc compound) and a (d) reaction product between a straight-chain alkylaluminum having at least two carbon atoms and water (alkylaluminoxane). The above process is capable of simplifying the production process and producing high-performance styrenic polymer having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in high catalytic activity without deteriorating the catalyst activity, increasing the amounts of residual metals in the objective polymer or leaving the decomposition products of the alkylaluminum therein, thereby curtailing the production cost of the objective polymer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a styrenic polymer, especially, syndiotactic polystyrene, which comprises polymerizing a styrenic monomer by the use of (a) a transition metal compound, (b) a coordination complex compound comprising an anion in which a plurality of radicals are bonded to a metal and a cation or methylaluminoxane, (c) an alkylating agent (alkyl group-containing aluminum, magnesium or zinc compound) and (d) a reaction product between a straight-chain alkylaluminum having at least two carbon atoms and water (alkylaluminoxane). The above process is capable of simplifying the production process and producing high-performance styrenic polymer having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in high catalytic activity without deteriorating the catalyst activity, increasing the amounts of residual metals in the objective polymer or leaving the decomposition products of the alkylaluminum therein, thereby curtailing the production cost of the objective polymer.