Abstract: This liquid crystal display device is provided with: a first substrate; a second substrate that faces the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer that is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; and liquid crystal alignment films (a first alignment film and a second alignment film) that are formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively. The first substrate and the second substrate respectively have an electrode on the liquid crystal layer side surfaces. At least one of the first alignment film and the second alignment film is a photo-alignment film. Each pixel has a plurality of alignment regions, in which the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules are different from each other, within the pixel. The liquid crystal layer has negative dielectric anisotropy, while having a thickness of 2.9 ?m or less.

Abstract: To estimate the number of layers required for drawing wirings out of a BGA component at a high speed. A layer number estimation device includes: a bottleneck line detection means, a wiring layer adding means, and a repeating means. The bottleneck line detection means detects a line as a bottleneck line, among a plurality of lines formed by connecting electrodes, where the number of electrodes located nearer the center side than the lines is greater comparing with the number of wirings capable of passing through the lines. The wiring layer adding means disposes electrodes, among the electrodes located nearer the center side than the bottleneck line, which remain after subtracting the number of wirings capable of passing through the bottleneck line, on the next wiring layer with vias. The repeating means causes the bottleneck line detection means and the wiring layer adding means to be executed to the next wiring layer.

Abstract: Before cutting a gang-printed substrate having a multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions provided thereon into individual liquid crystal display panels, a voltage is applied to all of the multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions to inspect display defects, polymerize a monomer in the liquid crystal component, and control alignment of the liquid crystal, which allows the time required for a voltage applying step to be reduced and allows a reduction in the manufacturing cost. A dispenser injection process is used to allow a liquid crystal to be injected between mother boards that have not been cut into individual display panels, and a voltage is applied after the pair of glass substrates are combined and before they are cut into individual display panels to perform a test on display defects (dynamic operating test), pretilt control, and an aligning process.

Abstract: To estimate the number of layers required for drawing wirings out of a BGA component at a high speed. A layer number estimation device includes: a bottleneck line detection means, a wiring layer adding means, and a repeating means. The bottleneck line detection means detects a line as a bottleneck line, among a plurality of lines formed by connecting electrodes, where the number of electrodes located nearer the center side than the lines is greater comparing with the number of wirings capable of passing through the lines. The wiring layer adding means disposes electrodes, among the electrodes located nearer the center side than the bottleneck line, which remain after subtracting the number of wirings capable of passing through the bottleneck line, on the next wiring layer with vias. The repeating means causes the bottleneck line detection means and the wiring layer adding means to be executed to the next wiring layer.

Abstract: A water soluble bactericide is obtained by ozone-oxidizing glycerin. Specifically, a 0.1 to 20% glycerin aqueous solution and gas phase ozone obtained by ozonizing oxygen through contact between oxygen and a silent discharge field, are brought into gas-liquid contact with each other, thereby to ozone-oxdize glycerin. Alternatively, a 0.1 to 20% glycerin aqueous solution is electrolyzed, thereby to produce ozone directly in the glycerin aqueous solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display used in a display section of an electronic apparatus and a substrate for a liquid crystal display used in the same and provides a liquid crystal display and a substrate for a liquid crystal display used in the same which are manufactured with improved yield and which can achieve high display quality. A configuration includes a sealing material forming region which is provided in a peripheral portion of a glass substrate and in which a sealing material is formed and a cell gap control layer which is formed inside the sealing material forming region and which controls a cell gap.

Abstract: The display apparatus has a common substrate and a TFT substrate, and a flexible printed board is attached to the TFT substrate. ICs are arranged in an area of the TFT substrate in a row along an alignment direction, and connection terminals are arranged in that area by the shorter sides of the ICs along the alignment direction of the ICs. The flexible printed board and ICs can be fitted to the TFT substrate, by an anisotropic electro-conductive film, using a thermo-compression bonding head or heads.

Abstract: Before cutting a gang-printed substrate having a multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions provided thereon into individual liquid crystal display panels, a voltage is applied to all of the multiplicity of liquid crystal display panel regions to inspect display defects, polymerize a monomer in the liquid crystal component, and control alignment of the liquid crystal, which allows the time required for a voltage applying step to be reduced and allows a reduction in the manufacturing cost. A dispenser injection process is used to allow a liquid crystal to be injected between mother boards that have not been cut into individual display panels, and a voltage is applied after the pair of glass substrates are combined and before they are cut into individual display panels to perform a test on display defects (dynamic operating test), pretilt control, and an aligning process.

Abstract: A water soluble bactericide is obtained by ozone-oxidizing glyceline. Specifically, a 0.1 to 20% glyceline aqueous solution and gas phase ozone obtained by ozonizing oxygen through contact between oxygen and a silent discharge field, are brought into gas-liquid contact with each other, thereby to ozone-oxidize glyceline. Alternatively, a 0.1 to 20% glyceline aqueous solution is electrolyzed, thereby to produce ozone directly in the glyceline aqueous solution.

Abstract: Object: Prevention of generation of press marks as well as increase of wear resistance at a corrugation tip portion and thereby providing a corrugating roll having a much improved life.Construction: A manufacturing method of a corrugating roll useful for forming a wave-shaped core paper of corrugated board, characterized in that the corrugating roll is worked to form tooth-shaped corrugation portions on the outer circumference and applying a nitriding treatment or a carbo-nitriding treatment, and then applying to the corrugation portion of the corrugating roll a quenching and tempering treatment, and further forming a wear resistant coating on the surface of the corrugation portion.

Abstract: A single facer which includes a rotating corrugating roll for corrugating a medium; an endless belt for pressing a liner against the medium on the corrugating roll; at least a pair of belt rolls for running the endless belt; and a direction adjusting mechanism for changing the running direction of the endless belt with respect to the rotating shaft of the corrugating roll within the running plane of the endless belt to correct zigzag or sideway motion of the belt occurring while the belt is running; a detector for detecting sideway displacements of the endless belt; a computer for computing a positional correction to be made in the width direction based on a signal from the detector; and a controller for controlling the direction adjusting mechanism based on a value computed by the computer.

Abstract: A method for establishing electrical connection of a pressure-connector terminal by forming a plurality of divided terminals by providing a plurality of grooves on a connecting surface of a pressure-connector terminal used for TAB connection and COG connection, placing such divided connecting surfaces in contact with a connecting surface of an opposed terminal electrode, imperfectly hardening a bonding material under such condition, deforming a divided terminal by applying pressure and thereafter perfectly hardening the bonding material and a configuration of the pressure-connector terminal are disclosed.

Abstract: A paper sheet takeout apparatus has an eccentric roller rotatably supported and placed against one side of a stack of paper sheets. The roller feeds the paper sheets one-by-one. The stacked paper sheets are urged toward the eccentric roller by a backup member. The back up member is urged toward the stacked paper sheets by a base member. There is provided an absorbing member between the backup member and the base member. During the takeout operation, the backup member vibrates due to the eccentric rotation of the eccentric roller. With the absorbing member, such as a coil spring between the backup member and the base member, vibrations are absorbed so as to continuously take sheets out one-by-one.

Abstract: A trim guide device for slitter-scorers in which a corrugated board sheet transferred on guide tables is slit by rotary elements disposed above and below the corrugated board sheet, to be thereafter scored by similar rotary elements, comprising air ejection means disposed under the lower surface of those portion of said guide tables which are on the upstream side with respect to the flow of the corrugated board sheet of said rotary elements, and adapted to eject air toward the downstream side of the flow of the corrugated board sheet. The trims at both ends of the corrugated board sheet which has been subjected to slitting by means of said rotary elements are correctly guided by currents of air ejected from the air ejection means into the trim chute disposed on the downstream side of the guide table.