Abstract: The invention provides a lead acid storage battery with a high utilization at a high rate discharge by incorporating a lead ion solubility adjusting agent into the electrolyte. The agent is selected from polysaccharides, chelating agents, their derivatives, and hydrazinium sulfate.

Abstract: Electrode plates for a lead-acid battery have an active material layer using polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder formed on both sides of a substrate. The substrate is selected from the group consisting of a foil-like sheet made of pure lead or lead alloy and a polyester film that is lead-plated or covered with a conductive coating layer containing carbon powder, whose main ingredient is graphite as a conducting agent. The method of manufacturing provides a thin electrode plate that is suitable for use as a spirally-wound type of electrode plate. The resulting plates have excellent high-rate discharge characteristics and long cycle life. The electrode plates are manufactured in a high productivity process that uses neither pore-forming agents nor pore-forming processes.

Abstract: In producing a cathode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, an hydroxide or an oxyhydroxide of a 3d transition metal, e.g., MnOOH is exposed to an atmosphere of saturated water vapor containing alkali metal ions in a water mist preferably in a pressurized condition, so that the water mist substitutes the alkali metal ions for protons contained in the hydroxide or the oxyhydroxide.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing lithium containing oxides represented by a formula LiNi.sub.x Co.sub.(1-x) O.sub.2, or a formula LiNi.sub.x Mn.sub.(1-x) O.sub.2, having almost single phase, through completely replacing a part of the Ni with Co or Mn. The single phase structure has the advantage that Li mobility in the crystal is high, the positive active materials having almost single phase show a large capacity and excellent cycle characteristics. According to the method, the positive active materials of lithium containing oxides are prepared by burning lithium compounds and composite hydroxides comprising Ni and Co, or Ni and Mn. The composite hydroxides are obtained through co-precipitation of nickel and cobalt hydroxides, or nickel and manganese hydroxides by adding caustic alkali aqueous solutions to mixed solutions containing nickel and cobalt salts or nickel and manganese salts.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary cell is provided, which includes a positive electrode including an active material having the formula: Li.sub.y Ni.sub.1-x Me.sub.x O.sub.2 where Me is one of Ti, V, Mn and Fe; the number of moles of x and y: 0.2<y.ltoreq.1.3; when Me is Ti, V or Fe, 0<x<0.5; and when Me is Mn, 0.ltoreq.x<0.6; having a hexagonal crystal structure and lattice constants a.sub.0 and c.sub.0 in the ranges of 2.83 to 2.89 .ANG. and 14.15 to 14.31 .ANG., respectively, as identified by X-ray diffraction pattern; a negative electrode of Li, an alloy of li or a carbon material intercalated with Li; and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The active material having the formula: Li.sub.y Ni.sub.1-x Mn.sub.x O.sub.2 where the number of moles of x and y are 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.3 and 1.0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.

Abstract: A non-pollution zinc-alkaline battery excellent in storage stability can be obtained by using, in formulation for negative electrode, a zinc alloy which contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lithium, calcium and aluminum which is free from mercury, lead, cadmium, indium and thallium is used as an active material and gallium hydroxide or gallium oxide optimized in a starting material therefor, particle size and weight loss on heat decomposition as an inorganic inhibitor. The storage stability of the battery can be further improved by adding to the above formulation for a negative electrode a proper amount of a surfactant having a polyethylene oxide group in a hydrophilic group and a perfluoroalkyl group in oleophilic group as an organic inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a mercury-free zinc-alkaline battery giving no environmental pollution and having an excellent shelf stability which comprises a corrosion-resistant zinc alloy as an anode active material, an indium compound having appropriate properties, an aqueous alkaline solution as an electrolyte and optionally a fluorine-containing surfactant having the specified chemical structure. The indium compound is indium hydroxide or indium sulfide prepared by neutralizing an aqueous solution of an indium salt. The surfactant has a hydrophilic part of a polyethylene oxide and an oleophilic part of a fluoroalkyl group. The zinc alloy contains a proper amount of at least one of the group of indium, lead, bismuth, lithium, calcium and aluminum. The indium hydroxide or indium sulfide is present in an amount of 0.005 to 0.5 wt % and the surfactant in an amount of 0.001 to 0.1 wt %, based on the weight of the zinc alloy, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zinc-alkaline battery giving no environmental pollution and having an excellent shelf stability, which comprises a zinc alloy as an anode active material and an aqueous alkaline solution as an electrolyte, and manganese dioxide, silver oxide and oxygen as cathode active materials, the anode constituting the battery together with the cathode and the alkaline electrolyte being in a gel form and containing 0.001 to 0.1 wt % based on the weight of the zinc alloy of a surfactant as an organic inhibitor represented by the formula of(X)--C.sub.n F.sub.2n --(Y)--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.m --(Z)wherein X is --H or --F, Y is --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --O--CH.sub.2 CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 O--, Z is --CH.sub.3, --PO.sub.3 W.sub.2 or --SO.sub.3 W, wherein W is an alkali metal, n is 4 to 14 and m is 20 to 100, and the zinc alloy consisting of 0.01 to 1 wt % of indium, 0.005 to 0.5 wt % of one or more of lead and bismuth and the balance of zinc.