Abstract: The present invention provides: a lubricin-localized cartilage-like tissue characterized in that, when in an arbitrary cross section passing a first center of mass of a cartilage-like tissue derived from pluripotent stem cells or a center-of-mass region, which is a portion inside a concentric sphere being centered at the first center of mass and having a diameter of [first major diameter×0.2], the expression level of lubricin per unit area contained in a central region, which is a portion inside a concentric circle being centered at a second center of mass that is the center of mass of the cross section and having a diameter of [major diameter of cross section (second major diameter)×(0.4 to 0.9)] is referred to as the central lubricin level and the expression level of lubricin per unit area contained in the non-central region is referred to as the non-central lubricin level.

Abstract: A tap to pour beer foam onto a liquid has a flow path through which the beer foam flows. A folded section and a second extension section of the flow path are curved along a liquid surface of the liquid.

Abstract: A tap to pour beer foam onto a liquid has a flow path through which the beer foam flows. A folded section and a second extension section of the flow path are curved along a liquid surface of the liquid.

Abstract: Provided are a sparkling beverage product exhibiting excellent foam properties, and a method related thereto. A sparkling beverage product according to the present invention includes: a sparkling beverage; and a container for holding the sparkling beverage, in which: an empty portion inside the container is filled with carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas so that the following condition (a) or (b) is satisfied: (a) a pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 200 kPa or more, and a ratio of a pressure of the nitrogen gas to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 0.5 or more; or (b) a pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 170 kPa or more and less than 200 kPa, and a ratio of a pressure of the nitrogen gas to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 1.0 or more.

Abstract: A tap to pour beer foam onto a liquid has a flow path through which the beer foam flows. A folded section and a second extension section of the flow path are curved along a liquid surface of the liquid.

Abstract: Provided are a sparkling beverage product exhibiting excellent foam properties, and a method related thereto. A sparkling beverage product according to the present invention includes: a sparkling beverage; and a container for holding the sparkling beverage, in which: an empty portion inside the container is filled with carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas so that the following condition (a) or (b) is satisfied: (a) a pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 200 kPa or more, and a ratio of a pressure of the nitrogen gas to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 0.5 or more; or (b) a pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 170 kPa or more and less than 200 kPa, and a ratio of a pressure of the nitrogen gas to the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas is 1.0 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electrically conductive support and thereon formed a light-sensitive layer containing a carrier generation material, a carrier transport material and a binder resin, wherein said light-sensitive layer comprises a copolymer having a structural unit represented by Formula B.sub.1 and Formula B.sub.2 ; ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may combine together to form a cyclic hydrocarbon residue having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic hydrocarbon residue having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group, l, m, p and q independently represent an integer of 1 to 4. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has high sensitivity and high durability.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive support and provided thereon an intermediate layer, a carrier generation layer and a carrier transport layer, wherein an outermost layer of said electrophotographic photoreceptor contains silica particle each containing an aluminium ingredient of not more than 1000 ppm, a calcium ingredient of not more than 300 ppm and a iron ingredient of not more than 1000 ppm, and said silica particles have a volume average particle size of 0.05 through 5 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a photoreceptor having an electroconductive support, a barrier layer, a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, all formed on the support in this order, wherein the barrier layer consists of an alcohol-soluble copolymerized polyamide resin, the charge generation layer contains a compound represented by formula I or II, and the charge transport layer contains a polycarbonate resin having a molecular weight of not less than 100,000, ##STR1## wherein Z represents a groups of atoms necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic ring.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising the steps of:(a) preparing a dispersion solution comprising a carrier generation material, a binder resin and an organic solvent; and(b) coating said dispersion solution on a conductive support; wherein said carrier generation material is a fluorenone type bisazo pigment represented by Formula F.sub.1, and main component of said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of a ketone type solvent, an ester type solvent and an alcohol type each having a branched alkyl group: ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, p, q, and A, are defined as in the Specification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, such as a copier and a printer, for forming a toner image on a recording sheet. The apparatus includes: a photoreceptor for holding the toner image; an image exposure driver for forming a latent image on the photoreceptor; a developer for developing the latent image with a toner so that the toner image is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor; a transferrer for transferring the toner image from the surface of the photoreceptor to the recording sheet; a scraping blade for scraping off a residual toner on the surface of the photoreceptor after the toner image is transferred from the surface to the recording sheet; a toner collection chanber for collecting the residual toner; a toner guide roller for conveying the residual toner from the scraping blade to the toner collecting chanber; in which the toner guide roller is urged onto the surface of the photoreceptor, and the toner guide roller has a surface made of an open-cell cellular material having a pore size between 1 .mu.

Abstract: The improved photoreceptor has a light-sensitive layer that contains as carrier generation materials both a polycylic quinone compound selected from among specified anthanthrone pigments, dibenzpyrene pigments and pyranthrone pigments and a specified bisazo pigment, and that also contains a specified stilbene compound as a carrier transport material. This photoreceptor has good spectral sensitivity characteristics over a broad range of wavelengths, has high sensitivity, has a long cycle life on account of reduced residual potential, is adapted for fast copying processes, and is capable of copying red images with improved fidelity of reproduction.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed. The material comprises a conductive support and, provided thereon, an undercoat layer, a carrier generating layer and a carrier transport layer in this order, wherein said undercoat layer contains an N-alkoxylated polyamide copolymer or N-alkylated polyamide copolymer a unit represented by the following Formula 1:--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.11 --CO-- Formula 1.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having improved anti-oxidation properties by ozone, comprising a conductive substrate, disposed thereon, a photosensitive layer which includes, as principal constituents, a charge generating material and a charge transporting material, wherein the photosensitive layer contains at least one type of compound selected from a group of those represented by any of the following [A] through [D]:[A] Compounds represented by the following general formula [I]; ##STR1## [B] Bisspiroindene compounds represented by the following general formula [II]; ##STR2## [C] Bisspiroindene compounds represented by the following general formula [III]; ##STR3## [D] Compounds having in the molecular structure thereof at least one structure selected from the following groups; ##STR4## [wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, or organic substituent group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, which is improved in layer casting property, mechanical strength and scratch and abrasion resistance, and also improved in electric property in repetitive use.

Abstract: An image forming method which employs an electro-photographic photoreceptor having high sensitivity, high resistance to damage, high durability, and high resistance to ozone oxidation. The method comprises charging the surface of the photoreceptor with positive charge, the photoreceptor including a photoconductive base, a photoreceptive layer formed on the base and consisting of at least a layer having a charge transport function and a layer having a charge generating function, and a resin-containing non-photoreceptive layer formed on the photoreceptive layer as required, and in which one layer placed above the layer having a charge transport function contains an antioxidizing agent, forming an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor by image-like exposure, then developing the electrostatic latent image.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photoreceptor which comprises a brominated anthanthrone pigment represented by the structural formula shown below: ##STR1## contained in the photosensitive layer, the brominated anthanthrone pigment exhibiting a X-ray diffraction spectrum having the respective diffraction strengths S (18.4.degree.) and S (26.7.degree.) at 2.theta.=18.4.degree. and 26.7.degree. which satisfy the relationship of0.2.ltoreq.S (18.4.degree.) / S (26.7.degree.).ltoreq.1.0;or exhibiting a X-ray diffraction spectrum having the respective half-value widths of diffraction strength of .DELTA..theta.(18.4.degree.) and .DELTA..theta.(26.7.degree.) at 2.theta.=18.4.degree.and 26.7.degree. which satisfy the relationship of{.DELTA..theta.(18.4.degree.).ltoreq.0.8.degree.} and/or{.DELTA..theta.(26.7.degree.).ltoreq.1.degree.}.

Abstract: A photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer and a support, wherein said photosensitive layer contains a polycarbonate compound binder selected from the group consisting of Formula A and B, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring, provided that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 has at least 3 carbon atoms, Z represents a group of atoms necessary to constitute a substituted or unsubstituted carbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring, R.sub.3 to R.sub.10 in Formulas A and B are independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring, and n is a number from 10 to 1000.

Abstract: A photoreceptor for positive charging is disclosed, said photoreceptor comprising a carrier generating material which is stable against both heat and light, has high carrier generating efficiency and provides good photoconductivity over a wide wavelength range and a specific carrier transport material combined in such a manner that the shape of surface potential curves remains essentially constant over a cyclic operation and contributes to the formation of a visible image of high quality in each cycle by reducing the "memory effect", minimizing the residual potential and extending the cycle life.

Abstract: A photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer and a support, wherein said photosensitive layer contains a polycarbonate compound binder selected from the group consisting of Formula A and B, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring, provided that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 has at least 3 carbon atoms, Z represents a group of atoms necessary to constitute a substituted or unsubstituted carbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocylic ring, R.sub.3 to R.sub.10 in Formulas A and B are independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring, and n is a number from 10 to 1000.