Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I), formula (II), or formula (IV), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in inhibiting metallo-?-lactamases.

Abstract: An object is to provide a compound having ?-lactamase inhibitory activity. The object is achieved by a compound represented by formula (1), typified by a compound in which specific positions of a 5-membered ring having planarity are replaced by sulfamoyl and carboxy groups.

Abstract: An object is to provide a compound having ?-lactamase inhibitory activity. The object is achieved by a compound represented by formula (1), typified by a compound in which specific positions of a 5-membered ring having planarity are replaced by sulfamoyl and carboxy groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vaccine which has a high therapeutic effect on mycoplasma infection and is highly safe. For the purpose of developing effective therapeutic methods for mycoplasma infection, mycoplasma-mimic particles which are effective as a vaccine for mycoplasma infection are provided, and also provided are bacterium-mimic particles including common bacteria. Bacterium-mimic particles such as mycoplasma-mimic particles can be provided by producing liposome particles in which a lipid antigen specific to a pathogenic bacterium such as mycoplasma is contained as a liposome-constituting lipid component. The administration of the mycoplasma-mimic particles enables the induction of a potent immunological activity in living bodies. The mycoplasma-mimic particles can be used as an excellent vaccine for the prevention or treatment of mycoplasma infection.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vaccine which has a high therapeutic effect on mycoplasma infection and is highly safe. For the purpose of developing effective therapeutic methods for mycoplasma infection, mycoplasma-mimic particles which are effective as a vaccine for mycoplasma infection are provided, and also provided are bacterium-mimic particles including common bacteria. Bacterium-mimic particles such as mycoplasma-mimic particles can be provided by producing liposome particles in which a lipid antigen specific to a pathogenic bacterium such as mycoplasma is contained as a liposome-constituting lipid component. The administration of the mycoplasma-mimic particles enables the induction of a potent immunological activity in living bodies. The mycoplasma-mimic particles can be used as an excellent vaccine for the prevention or treatment of mycoplasma infection.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vaccine which has a high therapeutic effect on mycoplasma infection and is highly safe. For the purpose of developing effective therapeutic methods for mycoplasma infection, mycoplasma-mimic particles which are effective as a vaccine for mycoplasma infection are provided, and also provided are bacterium-mimic particles including common bacteria. Bacterium-mimic particles such as mycoplasma-mimic particles can be provided by producing liposome particles in which a lipid antigen specific to a pathogenic bacterium such as mycoplasma is contained as a liposome-constituting lipid component. The administration of the mycoplasma-mimic particles enables the induction of a potent immunological activity in living bodies. The mycoplasma-mimic particles can be used as an excellent vaccine for the prevention or treatment of mycoplasma infection.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vaccine which has a high therapeutic effect on mycoplasma infection and is highly safe. For the purpose of developing effective therapeutic methods for mycoplasma infection, mycoplasma-mimic particles which are effective as a vaccine for mycoplasma infection are provided, and also provided are bacterium-mimic particles including common bacteria. Bacterium-mimic particles such as mycoplasma-mimic particles can be provided by producing liposome particles in which a lipid antigen specific to a pathogenic bacterium such as mycoplasma is contained as a liposome-constituting lipid component. The administration of the mycoplasma-mimic particles enables the induction of a potent immunological activity in living bodies. The mycoplasma-mimic particles can be used as an excellent vaccine for the prevention or treatment of mycoplasma infection.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a test bacterium is a class C beta-lactamase-producing bacterium. Spots of a class C beta-lactamase inhibitor and a beta-lactam drug are applied at an interval on the surface of a solid medium that has been coated with the test bacterium, the solid medium is cultured, and following culturing, determining whether or not the inhibitory zone formed around the beta-lactam drug has extended toward the class C beta-lactamase inhibitor. A mixture of class C beta-lactamase inhibitor and beta-lactam drug and a beta-lactam drug in spots are applied at an interval on the surface of a solid medium that has been coated with the test bacterium, the solid medium is cultured, and following culturing, observing the difference between the inhibitory zone formed around the mixture and the inhibitory zone formed around the beta-lactam drug.

Abstract: The present invention identifies the apoptosis-inducing protein of Helicobacter pylori, analyzes the structure and provides the amino acid sequence of the protein and the nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence. Furthermore, the present invention provides inhibiting agents of an apoptosis-inducing activity of the bacterium for the treatment of disease ascribed to the bacterium and a vaccine to prevent the infection of the bacterium. The present invention revealed that the apoptosis-inducing protein of Helicobacter pylon is a protein complex composed by association of two kinds of proteins, which comprise a part of the amino acid sequence encoded by ?-glutamyl transferase gene (HP1118). The present invention is said protein and a vaccine comprising said protein.

Abstract: A worm gear type differential mechanism has a bias ratio equalization mechanism disposed between the casing and the worm gears. The bias ratio equalization mechanism includes frictional members disposed between axially opposite transverse faces of the casing and each of the worm gears, and each of the frictional materials has frictional faces which create the same friction force per unit of thrust force applied thereagainst. The frictional materials fix the worm gear axially to the casing.

Abstract: The transmission of the invention is capable of attaining a plurality of shift ranges by locking and releasing one or more elements of a gear mechanism to a casing of the transmission or by connecting and releasing the elements with the input shaft, the output shaft or into and out of engagement with each other. The control system for controlling the action of the elements of the gear set is a hydraulic control system having friction elements which achieve a higher speed range and a lower speed range of the transmission upon actuation by servo valves. An additional servo valve is included to work in opposition to one of the other servo valves and communicates with another of the servo valves. A communication control valve is disposed in a hydraulic line which communicates with another of the servo valves and with the servo valve acting in opposition so as to control the communication between these valves in response to a signal pressure developed by a signal pressure valve.

Abstract: A control apparatus in an automatic transmission includes first and second shift valves which are independently actuable to define four distinct states corresponding to four speed ranges of the transmission. In the first state, neither valve participates in achieving the first range. In the second state, only the first valve participates in achieving the second range. In the third state, only the second valve participates in achieving the third range. In the fourth state, both valves participate in locking a lock-up clutch by being fluidly interconnected by an interconnecting passage so as to define a signal pressure passage which conducts a signal pressure to a lock-up relay valve to implement a locking of the lock-up clutch.

Abstract: A control system for an automatic transmission equipped with a plurality of friction engaging devices for attaining a plurality of shift ranges by locking the elements of a gear mechanism, which is disposed between an input shaft and an output shaft, to a case, by bringing the elements into and out of engagement with the input shaft or output shaft, or into and out of engagement with each other, said friction engaging devices including a first friction engaging device (C2) which takes part in achieving a reverse shift, and a second friction engaging device (B2) which participates in achieving parking and reverse the control system includes an electronic control circuit means which controls the timing of the actuation of the first and second friction engaging devices upon shifting from parking to reverse range so as to mitigating shock upon gear shifting.