Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine is configured to execute a determination process that determines that a deviation between a first change amount and a second change amount during a fuel cutoff operation is less than or equal to a threshold, and an anomaly diagnosing process that determines that an exhaust purification device is in a detached state when the determination process determines that the deviation is less than or equal to the threshold. The first change amount and the second change amount are change amounts per unit time of the temperature of exhaust gas on the upstream side and the downstream side of the exhaust purification device, respectively. The controller is configured to interrupt the determination process when the upstream-side temperature increases within a determination period.

Abstract: To provide a disposable diaper enabling reduction in re-wet amount and having an excellent speed of incorporating liquid regardless of concentration and configuration of a water-absorbing agent in an absorbent material. A water-absorbing agent having excellent Gel Capillary Absorption (GCA) and Free Gel Bed Permeability (FGBP) is obtained by crushing a crosslinked hydrogel polymer obtained in a polymerization step to have a specific weight average particle diameter while fluid retention capacity and a surface tension of a water-absorbing agent are adjusted in a specific range, drying the crushed crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and then adding a liquid permeability enhancer thereto during surface crosslinking or after surface crosslinking.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for a water-absorbing resin in which an absorption capacity without pressure of the resulting water-absorbing resin is high and a water-absorbing resin can be efficiently obtained. The production method for a water-absorbing resin including a polymerization step of polymerizing a monomer composition containing an internal crosslinking agent and a monomer to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and a drying step of drying the crosslinked hydrogel polymer to obtain a dry polymer, in which the crosslinked hydrogel polymer to be subjected to the drying step contains 50 ppm or more of hydrogen peroxide with respect to the solid content mass of the crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and the crosslinked hydrogel polymer is heated during the drying step so that a maximum reaching temperature of the crosslinked hydrogel polymer exceeds 160° C., and/or the dry polymer is heated after the drying step so that a maximum reaching temperature of the dry polymer exceeds 160° C.

Abstract: [Problem] Provided is a method for producing a water-absorbing resin powder excellent in water absorption speed. [Solution] The method for producing a water-absorbing resin powder according to the present invention includes a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer, a gel-crushing step of crushing the crosslinked hydrogel polymer after the polymerization step using a gel-crushing device to obtain a crosslinked particulate hydrogel polymer, and a drying step of drying the crosslinked particulate hydrogel polymer to obtain a dried product, and in the method, the gel-crushing device includes an input port, a discharge port, and a main body incorporating a plurality of rotation axes each including a crusher, in the gel-crushing step, the crosslinked hydrogel polymer is continuously put into the gel-crushing device from the input port, the crosslinked hydrogel polymer is continuously crushed by the crusher at 50° C.

Abstract: To provide a disposable diaper enabling reduction in re-wet amount and having an excellent speed of incorporating liquid regardless of concentration and configuration of a water-absorbing agent in an absorbent material. A water-absorbing agent having excellent Gel Capillary Absorption (GCA) and Free Gel Bed Permeability (FGBP) is obtained by crushing a crosslinked hydrogel polymer obtained in a polymerization step to have a specific weight average particle diameter while fluid retention capacity and a surface tension of a water-absorbing agent are adjusted in a specific range, drying the crushed crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and then adding a liquid permeability enhancer thereto during surface crosslinking or after surface crosslinking.

Abstract: To provide a disposable diaper enabling reduction in re-wet amount and having an excellent speed of incorporating liquid regardless of concentration and configuration of a water-absorbing agent in an absorbent material. A water-absorbing agent having excellent Gel Capillary Absorption (GCA) and Free Gel Bed Permeability (FGBP) is obtained by crushing a crosslinked hydrogel polymer obtained in a polymerization step to have a specific weight average particle diameter while fluid retention capacity and a surface tension of a water-absorbing agent are adjusted in a specific range, drying the crushed crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and then adding a liquid permeability enhancer thereto during surface crosslinking or after surface crosslinking.

Abstract: The production method includes: a gel-crushing step of grinding a crosslinked hydrogel polymer to obtain a particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer; a heating drying step of obtaining dried particles from the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer by using a continuous stirring drying machine; a post-crosslinking step of post-crosslinking the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer or the dried particles; and a sizing step of adjusting a particle size of the dried particles or the post-crosslinked dried particles to obtain water-absorbent resin powder. The particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer contains a gel fluidizer. A gel temperature of the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer containing the gel fluidizer, the gel temperature being measured by a contact thermometer, is not lower than 50° C. In the production method, the dried particles or the post-crosslinked dried particles is forcedly cooled before the sizing step.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing; a water absorbent resin powder having a reduced amount of fine powder generated and a reduced amount of fine powder recovered; and a production method for the water absorbent resin. The production method of the present invention includes a drying step and a fine powder granulation step. The drying step is for obtaining a dried polymer by drying a particulate water-containing gel crosslinked polymer which is obtained using an acid group-containing unsaturated monomer as a main component. The fine powder granulation step is for obtaining a fine powder granulated product by adding a binder and an adhesion control agent to a fine powder made of a water absorbent resin. In this production method, the obtained fine powder granulated product is recovered in the drying step or in any step before the drying step.

Abstract: A polyacrylic acid (salt), or a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin, contains a tracer for detecting various troubles in the water-absorbing resin during the period from the production of the water-absorbing resin to the use and discard thereof by a consumer. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has a stable carbon isotope ratio, as determined by accelerator mass spectrometry, of less than ?20‰ and a radioactive carbon content of 1.0×10?14 or more. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has: a CRC of 10 [g/g] or more; an AAP of 20 [g/g] or more; an Ext of 35 wt. % or less; a content of residual monomers of 1,000 ppm or less; a PSD in which the proportion of particles having a particle diameter of 150 ?m or larger but less than 850 ?m is 90 wt. % or more; and an FSR of 0.15 [g/g/s] or more.

Abstract: The production method includes: a gel-crushing step of grinding a crosslinked hydrogel polymer to obtain a particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer; a heating drying step of obtaining dried particles from the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer by using a continuous stirring drying machine; a post-crosslinking step of post-crosslinking the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer or the dried particles; and a sizing step of adjusting a particle size of the dried particles or the post-crosslinked dried particles to obtain water-absorbent resin powder. The particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer contains a gel fluidizer. A gel temperature of the particulate crosslinked hydrogel polymer containing the gel fluidizer, the gel temperature being measured by a contact thermometer, is not lower than 50° C. In the production method, the dried particles or the post-crosslinked dried particles is forcedly cooled before the sizing step.

Abstract: A low cost, a disposable diaper is provided that presents no difficulties in disposable diaper manufacture in humid climates, and that has a minimal amount of flowback, and rapid absorption time. A particulate water-absorbing agent is provided having as the principal component a poly (meth)acrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbing resin, wherein the water-absorbing agent has a particle size distribution of a weight average particle diameter of 300 to 500 ?m, a blocking ratio after moisture absorption when left for one hour at 25° C. and 90% relative humidity of 20% or less, a surface tension of 60 mN/m or more, and a gel capillary absorption (GCA) of 28.0 g/g or more.

Abstract: To provide a disposable diaper enabling reduction in re-wet amount and having an excellent speed of incorporating liquid regardless of concentration and configuration of a water-absorbing agent in an absorbent material. A water-absorbing agent having excellent Gel Capillary Absorption (GCA) and Free Gel Bed Permeability (FGBP) is obtained by crushing a crosslinked hydrogel polymer obtained in a polymerization step to have a specific weight average particle diameter while fluid retention capacity and a surface tension of a water-absorbing agent are adjusted in a specific range, drying the crushed crosslinked hydrogel polymer, and then adding a liquid permeability enhancer thereto during surface crosslinking or after surface crosslinking.

Abstract: A polyacrylic acid (salt), or a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin, contains a tracer for detecting various troubles in the water-absorbing resin during the period from the production of the water-absorbing resin to the use and discard thereof by a consumer. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has a stable carbon isotope ratio, as determined by accelerator mass spectrometry, of less than ?20‰ and a radioactive carbon content of 1.0×10?14 or more. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has: a CRC of 10 [g/g] or more; an AAP of 20 [g/g] or more; an Ext of 35 wt. % or less; a content of residual monomers of 1,000 ppm or less; a PSD in which the proportion of particles having a particle diameter of 150 ?m or larger but less than 850 ?m is 90 wt. % or more; and an FSR of 0.15 [g/g/s] or more.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide, at low cost, a disposable diaper that presents no difficulties in disposable diaper manufacture in humid climates, and that has a minimal amount of flowback, and rapid absorption time. [ Solution] Provided is a particulate water-absorbing agent having as the principal component a poly (meth)acrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbing resin, wherein the water-absorbing agent has a particle size distribution of a weight average particle diameter of 300 to 500 ?m, a blocking ratio after moisture absorption when left for one hour at 25° C. and 90% relative humidity of 20% or less, a surface tension of 60 mN/m or more, and a gel capillary absorption (GCA) of 28.0 g/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water absorbing agent, including: water absorbent resin particles; and a modified cationic polymer compound containing a primary amino group and/or a secondary amino group, the modified cationic polymer compound being obtained by reacting, with a modifying agent, a cationic polymer compound containing the primary amino group and/or the secondary amino group, and the modifying agent containing two or more carbon atoms continuously linked, and one reactive group which reacts with the primary amino group and/or the secondary amino group. The present invention further provides a method for producing a water absorbing agent including water absorbent resin particles, the method including the step (i) of mixing the water absorbent resin particles with a modified cationic polymer compound.

Abstract: A particulate water retaining material for cultivating plant comprising (A) a carboxyl group-containing water-insoluble water absorbent resin and (B) a polyvalent metal compound, by having the compound (B) deposited on the rerin (A), it is made possible to possess an outstanding water absorbing property without impairing the growth of a plant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water absorbing agent that is excellent in a balance between a centrifugal retention capacity (CRC) and a saline flow conductivity (SFC), and a method for producing the water absorbing agent. The method for producing the water absorbing agent, the method comprising mixing (i) a water absorbing resin (A) and (ii) a polymer (B) being a polyamine polymer having a hydroxyl group on a main chain provides a water absorbing agent containing (i) the water absorbing resin (A) and (ii) the polymer (B) being a polyamine polymer having a hydroxyl group on a main chain.

Abstract: A homogeneously surface cross-linked water absorbent resin and a method for the production thereof are provided. The water absorbent material is formed of a surface cross-linked water absorbent resin resulting from granular irregularly pulverized shaped surface cross-linking the product of partial neutralization or whole neutralization of a water absorbent resin having acrylic acid or a metal salt thereof as a main component, which water absorbent material shows a metal atom concentration on the surface of the water absorbent material in the range of 0-10% within 0 second of polishing and 2-35% at 10 seconds value of polishing as determined by subjecting the water absorbent material to Ar ion discharge polishing under a voltage of 500 ?. The surface cross-linked water absorbent resin to be used herein can be produced by surface cross-linking a water absorbent resin having a specific particle diameter with a surface cross-linking agent having a water concentration in a specific range.

Abstract: A polyacrylic acid (salt), or a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin, contains a tracer for detecting various troubles in the water-absorbing resin during the period from the production of the water-absorbing resin to the use and discard thereof by a consumer. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has a stable carbon isotope ratio, as determined by accelerator mass spectrometry, of less than ?20% and a radioactive carbon content of 1.0×10?14 or mole. The polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin has: a CRC of 10 [g/g] or mole; an AAP of 20 [g/g] or mole; an Ext of 35 wt. % or less; a content of residual monomers of 1,000 ppm or less; a PSD in which the proportion of particles having a particle diameter of 150 ?m or larger but less than 850 ?m is 90 wt. % or more; and an FSR of 0.15 [g/g/s] or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water absorbing agent, and a method for producing the water absorbing agent. The water absorbing agent includes water absorbent resin particles, an organic acid and/or salt thereof having carbon number of 10 or more and not more than 30 in its molecule, and a water-soluble polyvalent cation. The method includes the step (i) of mixing the water absorbent resin particles, the organic acid and/or salt thereof having carbon number of 10 or more and not more than 30 in its molecule, and the water-soluble polyvalent cation with one another.