Abstract: In one aspect there is provided a plasma processing apparatus including a substrate placing unit configured to be placed a substrate to be processed, and an upper electrode opposed to the substrate placing unit, wherein an outer portion of a main surface of the upper electrode opposed to the substrate placing unit has a mirror surface.

Abstract: A receiving device includes: a noise detecting means for detecting a noise, which is contained in a received signal, using the received signal which has undergone clock synchronization processing: a phase error detecting means for detecting a phase error of the received signal using the received signal which has undergone clock synchronization processing; and a calculation means for calculating a phase correction value on the basis of the phase error detected by the phase error detecting means, wherein, when the noise is detected by the noise detecting means, the calculation means modifies a parameter to be employed in the calculation of the phase correction value so as to decrease the phase correction value.

Abstract: A polyparaphenylene hydrocarbon electrolyte having a structure represented by a formula (1), a manufacture method therefore, and a polyparaphenylene usable as a raw material for manufacturing the polyparaphenylene hydrocarbon electrolyte, as well as a electrolyte membrane, a catalyst layer and a solid polymer fuel cell that employ the polyparaphenylene hydrocarbon-based electrolyte. In the formula, A is an integer of (1) or greater; B is an integer of 0 or greater; and C is an integer of 1 to 10. X represents a direct bond or an oxygen atom, which is arbitrarily assignable in repetitions. At least one of Y1s represents a proton-conducting site, and the rest of Y1s each represent a hydrogen atom or a proton-conducting site, which is arbitrarily assignable in repetitions. The proton-conducting site is made up of —SO3H, —COOH, —PO3H2 or —SO2NHSO2R (R is an alkyl chain or a perfluoroalkyl chain).

Abstract: A receiving device includes: a noise detecting means for detecting a noise, which is contained in a received signal, using the received signal which has undergone clock synchronization processing: a phase error detecting means for detecting a phase error of the received signal using the received signal which has undergone clock synchronization processing; and a calculation means for calculating a phase correction value on the basis of the phase error detected by the phase error detecting means, wherein, when the noise is detected by the noise detecting means, the calculation means modifies a parameter to be employed in the calculation of the phase correction value so as to decrease the phase correction value.

Abstract: A data stream generation apparatus and method for the JPEG etc. for efficiently performing processing for insertion of fill bits and a camera system using the same, wherein when not yet output data coupled at a data coupler reaches 32 bits, 32 bits of data are output from an MSB side of this not yet output data to an output unit and the remaining data is fed back to the data coupler, while when it does not reach 32 bits, the not yet output data is fed back to the data coupler; fill bits having a data length of a difference between a data length obtained by an addition of input data and the data length of a feedback data and the data length of a whole multiple of one byte are generated at a fill bit adder, added to the MSB side of a marker, and output to a data selection unit; and this marker or the variable length data is selected in accordance with a selection signal, coupled to an LSB side of the feedback data at the data coupler, and supplied to the output unit.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus of this invention for quantizing the orthogonal transformation coefficient value of image information supplied from a first path and for dequantizing the quantized orthogonal transformation coefficient value supplied from a second path stores the multiplication result of a quantization table and a quantization scale value as a quantization step size table and stores the reciprocal number of the multiplication result as a dequantization step size table. Then the quantization step size table or the dequantization step size table is selected according to an input. The selected result is multiplied by a corresponding orthogonal transformation coefficient value or a quantized orthogonal transformation coefficient value. This invention is capable of omitting time to calculate a quantization step size table and a dequantization step size table according to the characteristics of image information, resulting in improving quantization and dequantization efficiency per unit time.

Abstract: A data stream generation apparatus for generating a string of fixed length data from variable length data with a smaller circuit and simpler configuration and control. It comprises a control data inserting means for inserting control data with a predetermined data pattern into the variable length data, a first data combining means for successively combining the variable length data and the inserted control data, a fixed length data extracting means for extracting predetermined fixed length data from the combined data, a data pattern detecting means for detecting a data pattern other than the control data, and an output data selecting means for successively selecting an output data from the fixed length data, and, when the first data pattern other than the control data is detected, selecting second data having a predetermined second data pattern immediately after the first data pattern as the output data.

Abstract: A data stream generation apparatus and method for the JPEG etc. for efficiently performing processing for insertion of fill bits and a camera system using the same, wherein when not yet output data coupled at a data coupler reaches 32 bits, 32 bits of data are output from an MSB side of this not yet output data to an output unit and the remaining data is fed back to the data coupler, while when it does not reach 32 bits, the not yet output data is fed back to the data coupler; fill bits having a data length of a difference between a data length obtained by an addition of input data and the data length of a feedback data and the data length of a whole multiple of one byte are generated at a fill bit adder, added to the MSB side of a marker, and output to a data selection unit; and this marker or the variable length data is selected in accordance with a selection signal, coupled to an LSB side of the feedback data at the data coupler, and supplied to the output unit.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a data stream conversion apparatus and method, a variable length coded data stream generation apparatus and method, and a camera system, the data stream conversion apparatus, comprises a first data combining means for successively combining an input variable length data and a data portion not extracted as output data portion in already input data, a data extracting means for successively extracting predetermined data portions of the predetermined data length from said successively combined data as the output data portions, and an output means for successively outputting output data of a predetermined data length based on the successively extracted output data portions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a data stream conversion apparatus and method, a variable length coded data stream generation apparatus and method, and a camera system, the data stream conversion apparatus, comprises a first data combining means for successively combining an input variable length data and a data portion not extracted as output data portion in already input data, a data extracting means for successively extracting predetermined data portions of the predetermined data length from said successively combined data as the output data portions, and an output means for successively outputting output data of a predetermined data length based on the successively extracted output data portions.

Abstract: A data stream generation apparatus for generating a string of fixed length data from variable length data with a smaller circuit and simpler configuration and control. It comprises a control data inserting means for inserting control data with a predetermined data pattern into the variable length data, a first data combining means for successively combining the variable length data and the inserted control data, a fixed length data extracting means for extracting predetermined fixed length data from the combined data, a data pattern detecting means for detecting a data pattern other than the control data, and an output data selecting means for successively selecting an output data from the fixed length data, and, when the first data pattern other than the control data is detected, selecting second data having a predetermined second data pattern immediately after the first data pattern as the output data.