Abstract: Provided are a moisture detection method and a moisture detection system which are capable of detecting moisture in a simple manner. A moisture detection method in accordance with the present invention uses a moisture detection system which contains: (A) a substance that reacts with water to produce hydrogen peroxide; and (B) a fluorescent substance that is indirectly excited by hydrogen peroxide to emit light. The moisture detection system may further contain (C) a substance that reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce a reaction product which excites the fluorescent substance (B) to emit light.

Abstract: A compound of the present invention is represented by the general formula (1) and has a 40° C. kinetic viscosity (v) that satisfies 4 mm2/s?v?30 mm2/s, CnH2n+1—(O—CH2CH2)p—O—(CH2)3—(C?O)—O—CmH2m+1??(1) (where O represents an oxygen atom, C represents a carbon atom, H represents a hydrogen atom, m is an integer of 1 to 18, n is an integer of 1 to 12, p is an integer of 1 to 3, and 2?n+m?30 is satisfied). The present invention provides (i) a lubricant excellent in energy-saving, heat resistance, and low-temperature fluidity and (ii) use of the lubricant.

Abstract: A compound of the present invention is represented by the general formula (1) and has a 40° C. kinetic viscosity (v) that satisfies 4 mm2/s?v?30 mm2/s, CnH2n+1—(O—CH2CH2)p—O—(CH2)3—(C?O)—O—CmH2m+1??(1) (where O represents an oxygen atom, C represents a carbon atom, H represents a hydrogen atom, m is an integer of 1 to 18, n is an integer of 1 to 12, p is an integer of 1 to 3, and 2?n+m?30 is satisfied). The present invention provides (i) a lubricant excellent in energy-saving, heat resistance, and low-temperature fluidity and (ii) use of the lubricant.

Abstract: A bearing lubricant of the present invention contains a compound represented by the following general formula: CfH2f+1—R1a—O—(C?O)—O—R2b—CgH2g+1 wherein O represents an oxygen atom; C represents a carbon atom; H represents a hydrogen atom; R1 and R2 independently represent a C2-C48 oxaalkylene group having 1 to 6 oxygen atoms; a and b independently represent an integer of 0 or 1 and satisfy a+b?1; and f and g independently represent an integer of 1 to 12.

Abstract: A bearing lubricant of the present invention contains a compound represented by the following general formula: CfH2f+1—R1a—O—(C?O)—O—R2b—CgH2g+1 wherein O represents an oxygen atom; C represents a carbon atom; H represents a hydrogen atom; R1 and R2 independently represent a C2-C48 oxaalkylene group having 1 to 6 oxygen atoms; a and b independently represent an integer of 0 or 1 and satisfy a+b?1; and f and g independently represent an integer of 1 to 12.

Abstract: This invention has an object of providing a flame retardant which advantageously has a high melting point and a low volatility and is unlikely to depress the inherent properties of resins. The flame retardant of the invention is a phosphazene compound crosslinked with a crosslinking group such as phenylene group, each of the crosslinking groups being interposed between the two oxygen groups left after the elimination of phenyl groups from the phosphazene compound, the amount of the phenyl groups in the crosslinked compound being 50 to 99.9% based on the total number of the phenyl groups in the phosphazene compound. The invention also provides a resin composition containing the flame retardant, and a molded article of the resin.

Abstract: This invention has an object of providing a flame retardant which advantageously has a high melting point and a low volatility and is unlikely to depress the inherent properties of resins. The flame retardant of the invention is a phosphazene compound crosslinked with a crosslinking group such as phenylene group, each of the crosslinking groups being interposed between the two oxygen groups left after the elimination of phenyl groups from the phosphazene compound, the amount of the phenyl groups in the crosslinked compound being 50 to 99.9% based on the total number of the phenyl groups in the phosphazene compound. The invention also provides a resin composition containing the flame retardant, and a molded article of the resin.

Abstract: This invention provides a halogen-free flame retardant which advantageously has a high melting point and a low volatility and does not impair the inherent properties of resins. The flame retardant of the invention is a phosphazene compound crosslinked with a crosslinking group such as a phenylene group, wherein each of the crosslinking groups is interposed between the two oxygen groups left after the elimination of phenyl groups from the phosphazene compound; the crosslinked phenoxyphosphazene compound does not have any free hydroxyl groups (derived from crosslinking groups); and the amount of the phenyl groups in the crosslinked compound is 50 to 99.9%, based on the total number of the phenyl groups in the phosphazene compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery which comprises a layer of vanadium pentoxide serving as the positive electrode active substance, a substance capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions and serving as the negative electrode active substance, and a polymer represented by the following formula (I) and having a lithium salt dissolved therein to serve as the electrolyte, wherein said formula is ##STR1## and wherein m is the average number of repeating ethyleneoxy units and is a real number of about 5 to about 25, and n is the average number of repetitions and is a real number in the range of 3.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.200000.The lithium secondary battery of the invention comprises two electrode active substances which have a high energy density and an electrolyte which is flame-retardant, nonflowable and safe, and is capable of retaining its characteristics even at low ambient temperatures of up to the ice point.

Abstract: A solid-state battery having a solid electrolyte represented by [A].sub.u.({[=N(Z).sub.2 ].(MX).sub.v }.sub.w), a positive electrode, and a negative electrode. A is a single ionic polymer of at least one of an oligoethylene oxypolyphosphazene compound having a sulfone group and an oligoalkylene oxpolyphosphazene compound having a fluorolakylsulfone group. The respective oxypolyphosphazenes have the structure of one of formulas (I) to (IV): ##STR1## R is at least one of methyl, ethyl and propyl. R' is hydrogen or methyl. h, k, h' and k' are each the average number of repeating ethyleneoxy unite or alkyleneoxy units and are each a real number from 0 to 20. l, n, l' and n' are each an integer of 0 or greater in the range of 3.ltoreq.l+n+l'+n'.ltoreq.200,000. Z is a group represented by Y--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.y --O--. Y is at least one of methyl, ethyl and propyl. y is a real number from 1 to 30.

Abstract: The present invention provides an all solid-state lithium secondary battery comprising an oxide of layer structure serving as a positive electrode active substance and represented by the formula(V.sub.2 O.sub.5)x.cndot.(A)y.cndot.zH.sub.2 Owherein x+y=1, y=0.03 to 0.5, z=0.1 to 1.6, A is at least one oxide seleced from among GeO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, MoO.sub.3, WO.sub.3, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, Cr.sub.3 O.sub.8 and ZrO.sub.2, lithium or a lithium alloy serving as a negative electrode active substance, and a compound serving as an electrolyte and represented by the formula{[N=P(E).sub.2 ].cndot.(LiX)a}bwhereini) [N=P(E).sub.

Abstract: Polyphosphazenes which can be formed into a membrane having a high affinity for a separated substance and an excellent flexibility and even a thin membrane having a high strength and an excellent permeability, a process for their preparation, and their use. The phosphazenes contain allyl groups and have the structure wherein segments represented by the formulae (I), (II) and (III) are arbitrarily arranged. In said formulae, R represents a single group or a mixture of methyl, ethyl, and propyl groups, h and k each represent an average repeating number of ethyleneoxy units, with 0.ltoreq.h.ltoreq.15 and 0.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.15, l, m, and n each represent 0 or a positive integer satisfying the condition of 3.ltoreq.l+m+n.ltoreq.200000 and n.noteq.0.

Abstract: A fluoroalkoxy cyclic phosphonitrile ester represented by the formula (1)[H(CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2)mCH.sub.2 O].sub.2 n-l[CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O]lPnNn (1)wherein (CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2)m is a single segment of the unit (CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2) multiplied by an integer or indicates conjoint presence of segments having different chain lengths and each comprising the unit (CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2) multiplied by an integer, m is 2 in the case of the single segment or, in the case of the presence of segments of different chain lengths, represents the average of the chain lengths, means the average number of repeating units (CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2) and is in the range of 1.3.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.2.8, l is in the range of 2n-1.gtoreq.l.gtoreq.1, and n is the number of repeating PN units of the phosphonitrile cyclic skeleton, or represents the average number of repeating PN units and is a real number in the range of 3.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.4.3 when rings of different numbers of repeating units are conjointly present.

Abstract: A process for separating cyclic phosphazene oligomers from a mixture containing cyclic phosphazene oligomers and linear phosphazenes by bringing the mixture into contact with a mineral adsorbent composed of mainly silicon and/or aluminum and removing the adsorbent. Cyclic phosphazene oligomers of high purity can be readily separated in high yields by the process.

Abstract: 2,2'-BIS(3,4-Epoxy-5-oxotetrahydropyran)ethers represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen atom or straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; a process for preparing the same.