Abstract: A removal determination device that accurately determines a removal of an exhaust gas purification device from an exhaust pipe. The removal determination device comprises: an input temperature sensor detecting a temperature at an upstream side of casing; an output temperature sensor detecting a temperature at a downstream side of the casing; an engine stop time collector measuring a time period from an inactivation of an engine to a startup of the engine; and a determiner determining a presence of the exhaust gas purifying device based on the input temperature and the output temperature, in a case that the time period is equal to or longer than a predetermined time.

Abstract: An upstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting an upstream gas temperature at a starting point in time of integration from the upstream gas temperature after starting of the internal combustion engine. A downstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting a downstream gas temperature at the starting point in time of the integration from the downstream gas temperature after the starting of the internal combustion engine. An anomaly diagnosing process obtains an anomaly determination result indicating that the exhaust purification device is in a removed state when a deviation between the upstream integrated value and the downstream integrated value is smaller than a reference level. The determination threshold is higher than a dew point.

Abstract: An objective optical system for endoscope includes a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second lens having a positive refractive power, an aperture stop, a third lens having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens having a positive refractive power, a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power. The second lens is a meniscus lens having a convex surface directed toward an image side and the third lens is a meniscus lens having a convex surface directed toward the image side. A cemented lens having a positive refractive power is formed by the fourth lens and the fifth lens. The sixth lens is cemented to an image sensor, and the following conditional expression (1??) is satisfied: 1?(r3f+r3r)/(r3f?r3r)?5??(1??).

Abstract: A ring-segment surface-side member is included in a ring segment disposed at a position opposite to a turbine blade on a stationary side of a gas turbine, serves as a part of a combustion gas flow path through which combustion gas flows, and is formed of a ceramic matrix composite. The ring-segment surface-side member includes: a surface portion forming the combustion gas flow path; a turned-back portion including a first part extending outward in a radial direction of the gas turbine from the surface portion and a second part extending toward a central line of the surface portion from an end part of the first part; and a protrusion portion extending outward from the turned-back portion in the radial direction of the gas turbine.

Abstract: Provided are a coating structure, a turbine part having the same, and a method for manufacturing the coating structure. The coating structure is provided on a surface of a base portion including a ceramic matrix composite. The coating structure is layered on the surface of the base portion, and includes a bond coat layer formed of a rare-earth silicate and a top coat layer layered on the bond coat layer. The residual stress present in the bond coat layer is compressive residual stress. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the bond coat layer is no greater than 10?9 kg·m?1·s?1 at a temperature of not lower than 1200° C. and a higher oxygen partial pressure of not less than 0.02 MPa. The bond coat layer may contain carbonitride particles or carbonitride whiskers.

Abstract: A turbine blade includes an airfoil portion, a cooling passage inside the airfoil portion, and a plurality of cooling holes formed in a trailing edge part of the airfoil portion. The cooling holes communicating with the cooling passage and opening in a surface of the trailing edge part. A relation of d_up<d_mid<d_down is satisfied, where d_mid is an index indicating opening densities of the cooling holes in a center region including an intermediate position between a first end and a second end of the airfoil portion in the blade height direction, d_up is an index in a region positioned upstream of a flow of a cooling medium in the cooling passage from the center region in the blade height direction, and d_down is an index in a region positioned downstream of the flow of the cooling medium from the center region in the blade height direction.

Abstract: A ring-segment surface-side member is included in a ring segment disposed at a position opposite to a turbine blade on a stationary side of a gas turbine, serves as a part of a combustion gas flow path through which combustion gas flows, and is formed of a ceramic matrix composite. The ring-segment surface-side member includes: a surface portion forming the combustion gas flow path; a turned-back portion including a first part extending outward in a radial direction of the gas turbine from the surface portion and a second part extending toward a central line of the surface portion from an end part of the first part; and a protrusion portion extending outward from the turned-back portion in the radial direction of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A turbine blade includes an airfoil portion, a cooling passage inside the airfoil portion, and a plurality of cooling holes formed in a trailing edge part of the airfoil portion. The cooling holes communicating with the cooling passage and opening in a surface of the trailing edge part. A relation of d_up<d_mid<d_down is satisfied, where d_mid is an index indicating opening densities of the cooling holes in a center region including an intermediate position between a first end and a second end of the airfoil portion in the blade height direction, d_up is an index in a region positioned upstream of a flow of a cooling medium in the cooling passage from the center region in the blade height direction, and d_down is an index in a region positioned downstream of the flow of the cooling medium from the center region in the blade height direction.

Abstract: An objective optical system for an endoscope includes, in order from an object side, a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second meniscus lens having a positive refractive power and having a convex surface directed toward an image side, an aperture stop, a third lens having a positive refractive power, and a cemented lens of a fourth lens having a positive refractive power and a fifth lens having a negative refractive power.

Abstract: An endoscope objective optical system consists of a front group having a negative refractive power, an aperture stop, and a rear group having a positive refractive power. The front group consists of a first lens having a negative refractive power, and a second lens having a positive refractive power, and the rear group consists of a third lens having a positive refractive power, a cemented lens of a fourth lens having a positive refractive power and a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power. An object-side surface of the first lens is a flat surface, and the second lens has a meniscus shape with a convex surface directed toward an image side, and the sixth lens is cemented to an image pickup element, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: ?1.2?D6/F12??0.47??(1).

Abstract: A gas turbine includes: a first cavity inside a stationary body and supplied with cooling air; a second cavity between the stationary body and a rotating body; a first cooling passage between the first and second cavities and having a swirl flow guide nozzle therein by which the cooling air of the first cavity is supplied to the second cavity while being swirled along a rotation direction of the rotating body; a second cooling passage in the rotating body, in communication with the second cavity, and supplied with the cooling air of the second cavity; and a flow regulating passage, different from the first cooling passage, between the first cavity and the second cavity and through which the cooling air is supplied from the first cavity to the second cavity, wherein the flow regulating passage has a flow regulator for regulating a flow rate of the cooling air.

Abstract: An end plate of a blade has a gas path surface facing a combustion gas channel side, an end surface along an edge of the gas path surface, a plurality of channels, and a skirt hole. The plurality of channels extend along the direction of a partial end surface, which is a portion of the end surface, and are arranged in a perspective direction with respect to the partial end surface. The skirt hole opens at the partial end surface. The skirt hole communicates with an inside channel, which is the channel of the plurality of channels that is farthest from the partial end surface.

Abstract: An objective optical system for endoscope includes a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second lens having a positive refractive power, an aperture stop, a third lens having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens having a positive refractive power, a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power. The second lens is a meniscus lens having a convex surface directed toward an image side and the third lens is a meniscus lens having a convex surface directed toward the image side. A cemented lens having a positive refractive power is formed by the fourth lens and the fifth lens. The sixth lens is cemented to an image sensor, and the following conditional expression (1??) is satisfied: 1?(r3f+r3r)/(r3f?r3r)?5??(1??).

Abstract: Provided are a coating structure, a turbine part having the same, and a method for manufacturing the coating structure. The coating structure is provided on a surface of a base portion including a ceramic matrix composite. The coating structure is layered on the surface of the base portion, and includes a bond coat layer formed of a rare-earth silicate and a top coat layer layered on the bond coat layer. The residual stress present in the bond coat layer is compressive residual stress. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the bond coat layer is no greater than 10?9 kg·m?1·s?1 at a temperature of not lower than 1200° C. and a higher oxygen partial pressure of not less than 0.02 MPa. The bond coat layer may contain carbonitride particles or carbonitride whiskers.

Abstract: An objective optical system for endoscope consists of in order from an object side, a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second meniscus lens having a positive refractive power and having a convex surface directed toward an image side, an aperture stop, a third lens having a positive refractive power, and a cemented lens of a fourth lens having a positive refractive power and a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and the objective optical system for endoscope satisfies the following conditional expressions (1-1), (1-2), and (1-3). ?0.6?f1/f45??0.18??(1-1) 0.2?(r3f+r3r)/(r3f?r3r)?1??(1-2) 0.15?d34/d4?0.

Abstract: An endoscope objective optical system consists of a front group having a negative refractive power, an aperture stop, and a rear group having a positive refractive power. The front group consists of a first lens having a negative refractive power, and a second lens having a positive refractive power, and the rear group consists of a third lens having a positive refractive power, a cemented lens of a fourth lens having a positive refractive power and a fifth lens having a negative refractive power, and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power. An object-side surface of the first lens is a flat surface, and the second lens has a meniscus shape with a convex surface directed toward an image side, and the sixth lens is cemented to an image pickup element, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: ?1.2D6/F12??0.47 ??(1).

Abstract: An end plate of a blade has a gas path surface facing a combustion gas channel side, an end surface along an edge of the gas path surface, a plurality of channels, and a skirt hole. The plurality of channels extend along the direction of a partial end surface, which is a portion of the end surface, and are arranged in a perspective direction with respect to the partial end surface. The skirt hole opens at the partial end surface. The skirt hole communicates with an inside channel, which is the channel of the plurality of channels that is farthest from the partial end surface.

Abstract: A gas turbine including: a first cavity inside a stationary body and supplied with cooling air; a second cavity between the stationary body and a rotating body; a first cooling passage between the first and second cavities and having a swirl flow guide nozzle therein by which the cooling air of the first cavity is supplied to the second cavity while being swirled along a rotation direction of the rotating body; a second cooling passage in the rotating body, communicating with the second cavity, and supplied with the cooling air of the second cavity; and a flow regulating passage, different from the first cooling passage, between the first cavity and the second cavity and through which the cooling air is supplied from the first cavity to the second cavity, wherein the flow regulating passage has a flow regulator for regulating the flow rate of the cooling air.

Abstract: An endoscope tip part has impact resistance even when applied to a thin endoscope, and the light distribution characteristics thereof can be improved even at a wide angle of view. An endoscope tip part includes a tip part main body that is attached to the tip of an insertion section of an endoscope and a positive-power transparent-plastic tip lens that is integrated with the tip part main body through two-color molding. The tip lens is a lens that is located closest to an object, among optical elements constituting an illumination optical system of the endoscope, and the tip part main body is provided with an insertion hole into which two positive-power rear lenses that will be disposed behind the tip lens are inserted.

Abstract: An endoscope tip part has impact resistance even when applied to a thin endoscope, and the light distribution characteristics thereof can be improved even at a wide angle of view. An endoscope tip part includes a tip part main body that is attached to the tip of an insertion section of an endoscope and a positive-power transparent-plastic tip lens that is integrated with the tip part main body through two-color molding. The tip lens is a lens that is located closest to an object, among optical elements constituting an illumination optical system of the endoscope, and the tip part main body is provided with an insertion hole into which two positive-power rear lenses that will be disposed behind the tip lens are inserted.