Abstract: A non-aqueous ink comprising a carbon black and a non-aqueous solvent is provided, wherein the carbon black comprises: a carbon black (A) having a primary particle size of at least 18 nm but less than 30 nm, a DBP absorption of at least 80 cm3/100 g but not more than 130 cm3/100 g and a pH of at least 6.0 but not more than 9.0, and a carbon black (B) having a primary particle size of at least 30 nm but not more than 50 nm, a DBP absorption of at least 40 cm3/100 g but less than 80 cm3/100 g and a pH of at least 6.0 but not more than 9.0.

Abstract: A printing method is provided, wherein the printing method including: printing an ink, having a total surface free energy ? calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula of 25 to 30 mN/m, and a dispersive component ratio ?dr represented by a formula (1) shown below of 0.55 to 0.75, onto a recording medium, and transporting the recording medium using a transport member that opposes at least a printed surface of the printed recording medium, wherein the transport member has a total surface free energy ? calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula of 20 mN/m or less, and a dispersive component ratio ?dr represented by the formula (1) shown below of 0.75 to 1.00: ?dr=?d/? (1), wherein ?dr represents the dispersive component ratio, ?d represents a surface free energy of as dispersive component, and ? represents the total surface free energy.

Abstract: A stratified scavenging two-stroke engine includes: an intake passage that connects an intake opening through an outer surface of a cylinder member with an intake port opening to the inside of a cylinder, and supplies gaseous mixture of fuel and air; an exhaust passage that connects an exhaust outlet opening through the outer surface of the cylinder member with an exhaust port opening to the inside of the cylinder, and discharges combustion gas; a scavenging passage; and an air passage that connects an air inlet opening through the outer surface of the cylinder member with the scavenging passage and supplies pre-scavenging air into the scavenging passage. The intake and the air inlet are arranged at positions opposite from the exhaust port across the axis of the cylinder, and arranged side by side in a substantially circumferential direction of the cylinder or a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

Abstract: An air-leading type, stratified scavenging two-stroke engine. The engine including a cylinder member and a crankcase joined therewith has an intake passage, an exhaust passage, first and second scavenging passages, a communicating portion and an air passage. The intake passage, the exhaust passage and the air passage are formed in the cylinder member. The first and the second scavenging passages each has a cylinder member-side passage and a crankcase-side passage. The cylinder member-side passages of both of the first and the second scavenging passages communicate with each other via the communicating portion. The air passage is connected to the cylinder member-side passage of the first scavenging passage. In the engine, air for pre-scavenging is introduced from the air passage through a check valve into the cylinder member-side passage of the first scavenging passage, and a part of the introduced air flows into the second scavenging passage through the communicating portion.

Abstract: An oily ink including a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and an organic solvent, the oily ink further including 0.5 to 7% by mass of resin particles, which are swollen by the organic solvent, wherein (1) a dispersion of 1% by mass of the resin particles in an equilibrium state of swelling in the organic solvent has an optical transmittance at 700 nm ranging from 20 to 70%, and (2) a dispersion of 10% by mass of the resin particles in an equilibrium state of swelling in the organic solvent has such a viscosity that a ratio of the viscosity to a viscosity of the organic solvent ranging from 1.5 to 5.0. The oily ink form dense printed images on plain paper.

Abstract: A method for printing a non-aqueous ink onto a printing substrate, using a non-aqueous ink including a coloring material and a non-aqueous solvent is provided, wherein the non-aqueous ink has a total surface free energy, calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula, of 25 to 30 mN/m, and a dispersive component ratio of 0.55 to 0.75, and the printing substrate has a coating layer containing inorganic particles, has a total surface free energy, calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula, of 30 to 50 mN/m, has a dispersive component ratio of 0.80 to 1.0, and exhibits a liquid absorption property for the inorganic particles of 0.30 or greater. The method for printing a non-aqueous ink enables roller transfer staining to be suppressed while maintaining high image density.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment ink is provided, wherein the non-aqueous pigment ink comprises a pigment complex including a pigment, a dispersant comprising a functional group having reactivity with a polyvalent isocyanate compound, and a polyvalent isocyanate compound, and a non-aqueous solvent.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment ink comprising a pigment, a non-aqueous solvent, and non-aqueous resin dispersion microparticles having a pigment dispersion capability, wherein the non-aqueous resin dispersion microparticles are an acrylic polymer comprising an alkyl (meth)acrylate unit having an alkyl group of 12 or more carbon atoms and a (meth)acrylate unit having a urethane group. The acrylic polymer is a copolymer of a monomer mixture comprising an alkyl (meth)acrylate (A) having an alkyl group of 12 or more carbon atoms and a reactive (meth)acrylate (B) having a functional group capable of reacting with an amino group, wherein the urethane group is introduced by a reaction between the functional group capable of reacting with an amino group, an amino alcohol and a polyvalent isocyanate compound, and the mass ratio within the acrylic polymer between the copolymer portion and the introduced urethane group portions is within a range from 60:40 to 99:1.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a polarizing eyeglass lens comprising forming an orientation layer on a substrate, sliding a rubbing member across the orientation layer in a state of contact with the orientation layer to form curved rubbing traces on a surface of the orientation layer, forming a polarizing layer by depositing and orienting a dichroic dye on the orientation layer, and subjecting the polarizing layer to a treatment of immobilizing the dichroic dye in the polarizing layer.

Abstract: A printing method is provided, wherein the printing method comprising: printing an ink, having a total surface free energy ? calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula of 25 to 30 mN/m, and a dispersive component ratio ?dr represented by a formula (1) shown below of 0.55 to 0.75, onto a recording medium, and transporting the recording medium using a transport member that opposes at least a printed surface of the printed recording medium, wherein the transport member has a total surface free energy ? calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula of 20 mN/m or less, and a dispersive component ratio ?dr represented by the formula (1) shown below of 0.75 to 1.00: ?dr=?d/???(1) wherein ?dr represents the dispersive component ratio, ?d represents a surface free energy of as dispersive component, and ? represents the total surface free energy.

Abstract: A non-aqueous ink comprising a carbon black and a non-aqueous solvent is provided, wherein the carbon black comprises: a carbon black (A) having a primary particle size of at least 18 nm but less than 30 nm, a DBP absorption of at least 80 cm3/100 g but not more than 130 cm3/100 g and a pH of at least 6.0 but not more than 9.0, and a carbon black (B) having a primary particle size of at least 30 nm but not more than 50 nm, a DBP absorption of at least 40 cm3/100 g but less than 80 cm3/100 g and a pH of at least 6.0 but not more than 9.0.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polarizing lens that can form a uniform polarizing element on a curved surface of a lens base is provided. The polarizing lens is manufactured by the steps of: forming parallel grooves on a convex surface of a lens base by pressing the convex surface of the lens base onto a rotating surface of an elastic body and rotating the elastic body, the rotating surface having a length in a rotary shaft direction larger than a diameter of the lens base and holding abrasive grains; applying a polarizing dye on the convex surface of the lens base on which the parallel grooves have been formed; and fixing the polarizing dye to form a polarizing element on the convex surface of the lens base.

Abstract: A method of forming a dense image in non-aqueous inkjet composite printing wherein a black ink and at least one color ink are ejected in the same printing scan, comprising the step of: using the black ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and a solvent, wherein an acid value of the pigment (PA), a base value of the pigment (PB), an acid value of the pigment dispersant (DA), and a base value of the pigment dispersant (DB), all measured by using a glass electrode as an indicator electrode and a silver/silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, satisfy the following formula (1): |WP?P+WD?D|<3.0??(1) wherein ?P=PA?PB; ?D=DA?DB; WP represents the pigment content in % by mass in the ink; WD represents the pigment dispersant content in % by mass in the ink; and the unit of PA, PB, DA, and DB is meq/g.

Abstract: A method for printing a non-aqueous ink onto a printing substrate, using a non-aqueous ink comprising a coloring material and a non-aqueous solvent is provided, wherein the non-aqueous ink has a total surface free energy, calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula, of 25 to 30 mN/m, and a dispersive component ratio of 0.55 to 0.75, and the printing substrate has a coating layer comprising inorganic particles, has a total surface free energy, calculated from the Kaelble-Uy theoretical formula, of 30 to 50 mN/m, has a dispersive component ratio of 0.80 to 1.0, and exhibits a liquid absorption property for the inorganic particles of 0.30 or greater. The method for printing a non-aqueous ink enables roller transfer staining to be suppressed while maintaining high image density.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a polarizing lens comprising a polarizing layer on a substrate, wherein the polarizing layer comprises polarization axes that are at least partly in the form of a closed curve.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a polarizing lens comprising a polarizing layer on a substrate, wherein the polarizing layer comprises polarization axes that are at least partly curved.

Abstract: An oily ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and an organic solvent, the oily ink further comprising 0.5 to 7% by mass of resin particles, which are swollen by the organic solvent, wherein (1) a dispersion of 1% by mass of the resin particles in an equilibrium state of swelling in the organic solvent has an optical transmittance at 700 nm ranging from 20 to 70%, and (2) a dispersion of 10% by mass of the resin particles in an equilibrium state of swelling in the organic solvent has such a viscosity that a ratio of the viscosity to a viscosity of the organic solvent ranging from 1.5 to 5.0. The oily ink form dense printed images on plain paper.

Abstract: An oily ink, wherein the oily ink comprises a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and an organic solvent, said oily ink comprising: 0.1 to 10% by mass, relative to a mass of the oily ink, of a nonionic surfactant having a HLB of from 6 to 16, wherein the nonionic surfactant having a HLB of from 6 to 16 is at least one selected from the group consisting of fatty acid esters, ethers of fatty acid esters, and polyoxyalkylene ethers.

Abstract: A method of forming a dense image in non-aqueous inkjet composite printing wherein a black ink and at least one color ink are ejected in the same printing scan, comprising the step of: using the black ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and a solvent, wherein an acid value of the pigment (PA), a base value of the pigment (PB), an acid value of the pigment dispersant (DA), and a base value of the pigment dispersant (DB), all measured by using a glass electrode as an indicator electrode and a silver/silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, satisfy the following formula (1): |WP?P+WD?D|<3.0??(1) wherein ?P=PA?PB; ?D=DA?DB; WP represents the pigment content in % by mass in the ink; WD represents the pigment dispersant content in % by mass in the ink; and the unit of PA, PB, DA, and DB is meq/g.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the pigment dispersant comprises a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and an alkene of 10 to 40 carbon atoms.