Abstract: An engine control apparatus includes a control system including one or more memories and one or more processors communicably coupled to one another, and controlling ignition timing of a spark plug. The one or more memories hold first and second ignition timing maps that provide setting of the ignition timing for each engine operation point. The one or more processors determine the number of injection stages of an injector. When the number of injection stages of the injector is the first number of injection stages, the one or more processors control the ignition timing of the spark plug based on the first ignition timing map. When the number of injection stages of the injector is the second number of injection stages greater than the first number of injection stages, the one or more processors control the ignition timing of the spark plug based on the second ignition timing map.

Abstract: An upstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting an upstream gas temperature at a starting point in time of integration from the upstream gas temperature after starting of the internal combustion engine. A downstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting a downstream gas temperature at the starting point in time of the integration from the downstream gas temperature after the starting of the internal combustion engine. An anomaly diagnosing process obtains an anomaly determination result indicating that the exhaust purification device is in a removed state when a deviation between the upstream integrated value and the downstream integrated value is smaller than a reference level. The determination threshold is higher than a dew point.

Abstract: The meat quality-improving agent of the present invention includes an enzymatic hydrolyzate of a protein. By using the above meat quality-improving agent for frozen meats, pressured and heat-sterilized foods, or processed ground meat foods, an improvement in the water binding capacity, suppression of the meat shrinkage upon grilling, and an improvement in the texture is shown.

Abstract: A mineral-containing composition including enzymatically decomposed lecithin and a water-insoluble mineral. Since the mineral composition shows excellent dispersion stability of the water-insoluble mineral, the mineral composition can be utilized in a wide variety of fields such as foods, cosmetics and industrial products.