Abstract: An image forming method for use in image forming apparatus including on the right surface thereof a discharge opening connectable with a post-processing device, the image forming method comprising the steps of:a first step of delivering one or more documents to a read position sequentially starting from the first document to read the documents at the read position, and outputting the documents in the form of images of the same posture as document images to be read on the documents;a second step of reading a document at a position where the same is placed and outputting the document in the form of an image of the same posture of a document image to be read on the document;a third step of forming, on the upper surface of a sheet to be supplied from the left surface side of the image forming apparatus, the images output in the first or second step in the order that they are read, and delivering the formed images in a direction of the right surface of the image forming apparatus; anda fourth step of reversing the

Abstract: A spindle stock unit for surface grinding machines includes a spindle head, and a spindle assembly having a spindle body rotatably supported by a pair of axially spaced radial fluid bearings in the spindle head and positioned in place by a pair of axially spaced thrust fluid bearings in the spindle head. To minimize thermal displacement of the spindle assembly in an axial direction, the spindle body is made of crystallized glass of low coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: A sheet sorter apparatus is disclosed as having a basic sorter unit comprising a horizontal transport, a vertical transport, and a plurality of sorter bins wherein the vertical transport has a pair of bin indexing guide elements, one of which is arranged to index sheets into the bins sequentially, while the other element is arranged to index sheets to a second sorter unit containing only a plurality of bins thereby allowing the use of additional bins without added transport structure.

Abstract: A polishing method suitable for use in working a surface of a magnetic material such as materials of magnetic head into a mirror-finished surface. The work is placed in a treating liquid cell such that its surface to be worked is opposed by the surface of a lap. The treating liquid contains fine polishing grains of magnesium oxide as the polishing agent, by an amount less than 4 wt %, and may contain 10 to 30 wt % of glycerol for increasing the viscosity. As a relative movement occurs between the work and the lap, the treating liquid forms a state of a dynamic-pressure bearing between the opposing surfaces of the work and lap, so that the surface of the work is polished into mirror surface by the action of the magnesium oxide without contacting the lap directly.

Abstract: Heat and pressure fuser apparatus for fixing toner images to substrates passing through a nip formed between two pressure engaged roll structures, at least one of the roll structures being heated and contacting the toner images as the substrates pass through the nip. The apparatus being characterized by a heated fuser roll structure having a thin circumferential wall wherein reinforcing structure is provided internally thereof for rendering the thin circumferential wall sufficiently rigid to withstand the pressures to which it is subjected during fusing.

Abstract: A scanning mechanism is provided for a copying apparatus which is adapted to increase the number of copies per unit time when copying a smaller size document by increasing the scanning speed between the end of the shorter document and the normal end of scan position. A copying machine employing the above-noted scanning mechanism also forms part of the invention.