Abstract: A method for treatment of a mental disorder containing the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a sigma receptor binding agent containing an indanone compound represented by the following formula (I), a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate of them. The variables of formula (I) are recited in the present specification.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating and/or preventing cognitive impairments, dementia, or neurodegenerative diseases and disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in patients by administering therapeutically effective amounts of an AMPA receptor antagonist (e.g., 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds) and therapeutically effective amounts of nootropics (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors) to patients. The invention also provides combinations, commercial packages, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of AMPA receptor antagonists (e.g., 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds) and therapeutically effective amounts nootropics (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors). The 1,2-dihydropyridine compound may be, for example, 3-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one. The cholinesterase inhibitor may be, for example, donepezil.

Abstract: The present invention provides an excellent sigma receptor binding agent and/or acetylcholinesterase inhibitor containing an (1-indanone)-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) compound. More specifically, it provides an (1-indanone)-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) compound represented by the following formula, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof: In the formula (I), R1, R2, R3 and R4 are the same as or different from each other.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating and/or preventing headaches by administering to patients therapeutically effective amounts of 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds, and, optionally, cholinesterase inhibitors and/or anti-migraine agents. The headaches may be primary headaches, such as migraines, or secondary headaches. The invention also provides combinations, commercial packages, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds and, optionally, cholinesterase inhibitors and/or anti-migraine agents. The 1,2-dihydropyridine compound may be, for example, 3-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one. The cholinesterase inhibitor may be, for example, 1-benzyl-4-((5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)-2-yl)methylpiperidine.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating and/or preventing cognitive impairments, dementia, or neurodegenerative diseases and disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in patients by administering therapeutically effective amounts of an AMPA receptor antagonist (e.g., 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds) and therapeutically effective amounts of nootropics (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors) to patients. The invention also provides combinations, commercial packages, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of AMPA receptor antagonists (e.g., 1,2-dihydropyridine compounds) and therapeutically effective amounts nootropics (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors). The 1,2-dihydropyridine compound may be, for example, 3-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one. The cholinesterase inhibitor may be, for example, donepezil.

Abstract: The present invention provides an excellent sigma receptor binding agent and/or acetylcholinesterase inhibitor containing an (1-indanone)-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) compound. More specifically, it provides an (1-indanone)-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) compound represented by the following formula, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof: In the formula (I), R1, R2, R3 and R4 are the same as or different from each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides an indanone derivative and an excellent sigma receptor binding agent comprising an indanone derivative. More specifically, it provides a sigma receptor binding agent comprising an indanone derivative represented by the following formula, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate of them.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound having an excellent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect. That is, it provides a 4-substituted piperidine compound fluoride represented by the following formula, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or hydrates thereof (provided that 1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-2-fluoro-1-indanon)-2-yl]methylpiperidine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and hydrates thereof are excluded). wherein R1 and R2 represent substituents.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound useful as a medicament, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and an agent for preventing, treating and improving various kinds of senile dementia, Alzheimer-type senile dementia, cerebrovascular dementia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, namely, 1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-2-fluoro-1-indanone)-2-yl]methylpiperidine represented by the following formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof: R1-(CH2)n-Z in which R1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R2 and R4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.

Abstract: A piperdine derivative having the formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof:R.sup.1 --X--A--R.sup.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid imide, bicyclo oct-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid imide and pyromellitimide;X is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --S(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --SO.sub.1 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, ##STR1## --CH.sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein n is an integer of 1 through 7 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or a benzyl, ##STR3## --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.dbd. or ##STR4## R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, benzyl, benzyl substituted with hydroxy, methoxy or chlorine, benzoyl, benzyl with a fluorine substituent, pyridyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, pyridylmethyl or ##STR5## wherein Z represents a halogen atom.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof: R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2)n-Z in which R.sup.1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R.sup.2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R.sup.3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R.sup.4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof: R.sup.1 --(CH2)n--Z in which R.sup.1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R.sup.2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R.sup.3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R.sup.4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R2 and R4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof:R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Zin whichR.sup.1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R.sup.2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R.sup.3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R.sup.4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof:R.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Zin which R.sup.1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R.sup.2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R.sup.3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R.sup.4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.

Abstract: A novel piperidine derivative is defined by the formula (I), including a salt thereof, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes anthraquinone, X denotes a group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula --S(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula --SO.sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula ##STR2## a group of the formula ##STR3## a group of the formula ##STR4## a group of the formula --CH.sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, a group of the formula ##STR5## (in all the above formulas, n is an integer of 1 through 7 and R.sup.3 represents a lower alkyl group or a benzyl group), a group of the formula ##STR6## a group of the formula ##STR7## a group of the formula --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.dbd.

Abstract: A novel piperidine derivative is defined by the formula (I), including a salt thereof, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes a univalent group derived from substituted or unsubstituted quinazolinedione,X denotes a group of the formula ##STR2## n is an integer of 1 through 7, the ring A denotes a group of the formula ##STR3## a group of the formula ##STR4## or a group of the formula ##STR5## and R.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a substituted benzoyl group, a pyridyl group, a 2-hydroxyethyl group, a pyridylmethyl group, or a group of the formula ##STR6## wherein Z represents a halogen atom). The novel compounds of this invention are used for treating dementias and sequelae of cerebrovascular diseases.

Abstract: The cyclic amide derivative is defined by the formula (I) or a salt thereof: R1--(CH2)n-z in which R1 is a group derived from a cyclic amide compound, substituted or unsubstituted, n is zero or an integer of 1 to 10 and Z is ##STR1## R2 being an aryl, a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, m being an integer of 1 to 6, R3 being hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R4 being an aryl or a substituted aryl, a cycloalkyl or a heterocyclic group, p being an integer of 1 to 6, provided that the cyclic amide compound is quinazoline-on or quinazoline-dion, R2 and R4 are neither aryl nor substituted aryl. The cyclic amide compound is pharmacologically effective to prevent and treat diseases due to insufficiency of the central choline functions.