Abstract: A polishing pad contains: a polishing layer having a polishing surface for polishing a workpiece; and a cushion layer disposed on the side of the polishing layer opposite from the polishing surface. With regard to the ratio (tan?) of the storage elastic modulus E? to the loss elastic modulus E? of the whole polishing pad, as obtained through dynamic viscoelasticity measurement using frequency dispersion (25° C.) in a bending mode, the ratio of the maximum value of tan? measured at 100-1000 rad/s (tan?max100-100) to the maximum value of tan? measured at 1 to 10 rad/s (tan?max1-10) is 0.75 to 1.30.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing pad capable of sufficiently reducing minute defects to be generated after polishing on a workpiece which are detected in measurement for a particle size of 26 nm or smaller and capable of providing the workpiece with excellent surface flatness. The polishing pad includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface to polish a workpiece, and includes, in the side opposite to the polishing surface of the polishing layer, an intermediate layer having an amount of deformation C larger than that of the polishing layer, a hard layer having an amount of deformation C smaller than that of the polishing layer, and a cushion layer having an amount of deformation C larger than that of the intermediate layer, in which each of the amounts of deformations C is defined as an amount of deformation in the case of compression in a thickness direction, and the intermediate layer, the hard layer, and the cushion layer are laminated in this order from the side of the polishing layer.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing pad capable of sufficiently reducing minute defects to be generated after polishing on a workpiece which are detected in measurement for a particle size of 26 nm or smaller and capable of providing the workpiece with excellent surface flatness. The polishing pad includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface to polish a workpiece, and includes, in the side opposite to the polishing surface of the polishing layer, an intermediate layer having an amount of deformation C larger than that of the polishing layer, a hard layer having an amount of deformation C smaller than that of the polishing layer, and a cushion layer having an amount of deformation C larger than that of the intermediate layer, in which each of the amounts of deformations C is defined as an amount of deformation in the case of compression in a thickness direction, and the intermediate layer, the hard layer, and the cushion layer are laminated in this order from the side of the polishing layer.

Abstract: A toner cartridge contains a toner container including an opening and configured to contain a toner. An engaging member includes a ring-shaped seal member disposed on a seal member installation surface. The engaging member is engaged with the toner container to cover the opening and rotatably mounted to the toner container while an edge of the opening is frictionally slid on a surface of the seal member. The toner container is configured to convey the toner into the engage member through the opening and discharge the toner therefrom as the toner container is rotated. The seal member includes a non-contact portion at a surface thereof facing the installation surface and being free from any contact with the installation surface so that the engage member includes a space extending from the surface of the seal member where the edge of the opening is frictionally slid to the non-contact portion.

Abstract: A toner container that can pass not only air but a toner, has toner sealing ability, and does not allow toner leakage even during transportation and an inner pressure change of the container, by placing an air permeable member at the fitting part in the casing part. An inner cap including at least the air permeable member is placed in the casing part of the inner cap, wherein the inner cap is used for a toner container that is detachably mounted to a developing unit in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographical method, and the toner container includes at least a container main body, the inner cap, and an outer cap.

Abstract: A toner cartridge containing: a toner container including an opening and configured to contain a toner; and an engaging member containing a ring-shaped seal member disposed on a seal member installation surface, and being engaged with the toner container to cover the opening and rotatably mounted to the toner container while an edge of the opening is frictionally slid on a surface of the seal member, wherein the toner container is configured to convey the toner into the engage member through the opening and discharge the toner therefrom as the toner container is rotated, the seal member includes a non-contact portion at a surface thereof facing the installation surface and being free from any contact with the installation surface so that the engage member includes a space extending from the surface of the seal member where the edge of the opening is frictionally slid to the non-contact portion.

Abstract: A toner container that can pass not only air but a toner, has toner sealing ability, and does not allow toner leakage even during transportation and an inner pressure change of the container, by placing an air permeable member at the fitting part in the casing part. An inner cap including at least the air permeable member is placed in the casing part of the inner cap, wherein the inner cap is used for a toner container that is detachably mounted to a developing unit in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographical method, and the toner container includes at least a container main body, the inner cap, and an outer cap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container containing a toner that exhibits sufficient sealing effects and prevents leakage of the content in the container body.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide toner bottles and the like in which the possibility to damage the ring gear, in particular the teeth of the ring gear, is remarkably suppressed at processing the toner bottle such as handling, packaging, and transporting, thus packaging and transporting are principally possible without cushioning materials.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide toner bottles and the like in which the possibility to damage the ring gear, in particular the teeth of the ring gear, is remarkably suppressed at processing the toner bottle such as handling, packaging, and transporting, thus packaging and transporting are principally possible without cushioning materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container containing a toner that exhibits sufficient sealing effects and prevents leakage of the content in the container body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container containing a toner that exhibits sufficient sealing effects and prevents leakage of the content in the container body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container containing a toner that exhibits sufficient sealing effects and prevents leakage of the content in the container body.

Abstract: A developer container for use in an image forming apparatus including a supporting member rotating around a rotation shaft thereof. A plurality of developing devices are arranged on the supporting member, each developing device including a developer supplying device. A plurality of cylindrically-shaped developer containers containing developer are provided, each developer container having an opening and a guide, and each developer container being detachably mounted on the developer supplying device. A container rotating device rotates the developer container, in which the guide is arranged that when one of the developing devices needs to be filled with the developer, the container rotating device rotates the developer container to transfer the developer in the developer container to the opening in accordance with a rotating movement of the developer container.

Abstract: A toner container for replenishing toner stored therein to a developing section included in an image forming apparatus includes a body formed with a spiral groove in its inner periphery and coaxially rotatably supported by a replenishing portion via a seal member. The replenishing portion has a toner outlet in its circumferential wall that is selectively blocked or unblocked. While the body is in rotation, the spiral groove conveys toner toward the replenishing portion with the result that the toner is replenished to the developing section via the toner outlet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a supporting member rotating around a rotation shaft thereof. A plurality of developing devices are arranged on the supporting member, each developing device including a developer supplying device. A plurality of cylindrically-shaped developer containers containing developer are provided, each developer container having an opening and a guide, and each developer container being detachably mounted on the developer supplying device. A container rotating device rotates the developer container, in which the guide is arranged that when one of the developing devices needs to be filled with the developer, the container rotating device rotates the developer container to transfer the developer in the developer container to the opening in accordance with a rotation movement of the developer container.

Abstract: A toner cartridge includes a container body for holding toner therein, at least one rotatable member including a rotation center shaft, for discharging the toner outside from the container body, disposed in the container body, the container body having an opening at one end thereof in the axial direction of rotation of the rotatable member, and a cap member for opening and closing the opening formed in the container body, which is capable of serving as a bearing member for the rotatable member thereon and is detachable through the opening in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotatable member. This toner cartridge is available with toner loaded therein, and can be recycled when the toner is used up. A method of recycling this toner cartridge is provided. In addition, an image formation apparatus including this toner cartridge is proposed.

Abstract: An enzyme immobilizing carrier is produced by dissolving low-molecular weight chitosan in an aqueous acid solution and dropping the solution into a basic solution to produce regenerated porous chitosan in particles, reacting the regenerated porous chitosan in particles with the glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyalcohol, and reacting further the resulting chitosan with the acid halide or acid anhydride of a higher fatty acid in a polar organic solvent. An enzyme and a polyfunctional cross-linking agent are reacted with the carrier to covalently immobilize the enzyme on the carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the enzyme is lipase and the carrier is produced by introducing the glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyalcohol at 0.01 to 0.4 mole to 1 mole of the pyranose ring residue of the chitosan and by introducing a higher fatty acid having a total carbon number of 6 to 20 at 0.05 to 1 mole to 1 mole of the pyranose ring residue of the chitosan.