Abstract: The invention relates to an electroslag surfacing of cylindrical components, such as a rolling-mill roll for iron production. The invention seeks to solve the problems of the electrodes for supplying a high current to the slag, and; how to prevent excess fusion-penetration of the base metal from occurring during the thick surfacing which results in an increase in heat input and a decrease in welding speed or the speed of rising the metal pool. In the present invention, a multi-phase alternating current is supplied to the slag via a plurality of consumable electrodes each in the form of a bar having a large cross section, and further the surfacing is conducted while rotating the workpiece and continuously adding molten metal to the surface of the slag bath. The invention can be mainly utilized for the production and repairing of cylindrical composite components.

Abstract: In the method of initiating the scarfing process for removing the surface defects of a steel material as the material to be scarfed is moving relative to the movement of the scarfing machine having a scarfing nozzle, the improvement, which comprises the use of a consumable electrode having a steel sheath filled with an oxygen source material and a combustible material being fed to a scarfing position on said material to be scarfed until the tip of the consumable electrode contacts said position, thereby rapidly heating contact point of the steel material with electrical energy and the heat of oxidation up to the scarfing initiation temperature, and instantaneously starting the scarfing operation with oxygen jetted from said scarfing nozzle at the position of the steel material heated to such temperature.