Abstract: An electronic control unit is connected to a network in an in-vehicle network system. The electronic control unit includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The first control circuit is connected to the network via the second control circuit. The second control circuit performs a first determination process on a frame to determine conformity of the frame with a first rule. Upon determining that the frame conforms to the first rule, the second control circuit transmits the frame to the first control circuit. The first control circuit performs a second determination process on the frame to determine conformity of the frame with a second rule. The second rule is different from the first rule.

Abstract: Certain embodiments provide an image forming apparatus including a drum configured to include a drum surface which rotates around a shaft in a rotation direction; a blade configured to clean residual toner after a toner image on the drum surface is transferred to a transfer-receiving member; and a holding section configured to hold a lubricant arranged in the blade at the upstream side of the blade in the rotation direction and cover both ends in a longitudinal direction of the blade on the drum surface.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, an image forming apparatus comprises a fixing device configured to include a heating roller heated by a heating section and a pressing roller for pressing the heating roller; and a cleaning sheet configured to be stretched between a first reel and a second reel and wound on at least one of the first reel and the second reel to clean the heating roller; wherein the cleaning sheet is separated from or contacted with the heating roller by a movable member.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, an image forming apparatus comprises a fixing device configured to include a heating roller heated by a heating section and a pressing roller for pressing the heating roller; and a cleaning sheet configured to be stretched between a first reel and a second reel and wound on at least one of the first reel and the second reel to clean the heating roller; wherein the cleaning sheet is separated from or contacted with the heating roller by a movable member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to an embodiment includes an image carrier which is irradiated with a laser beam to form an electrostatic latent image, and a charging device which is disposed in parallel to the image carrier and includes an electrode that charges an electric charge to the image carrier. The charging device has a cleaning device which includes a container accommodating a cleaning member abutting an end portion of a discharge side of the electrode, moves the container along the longitudinal direction of the electrode, removes foreign matter attached to the electrode by the cleaning member, and accommodates the foreign matter in the container.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for cleaning including, scraping off, agitating, or capturing, in non-contact with a belt surface, a visualizing material present on the belt surface and fiber or powder different from the visualizing material, coming into contact with the belt surface and scraping off, agitating, or capturing the visualizing material present on the belt surface and the fiber or the powder different from the visualizing material, and being located in contact with the belt surface at predetermined pressure and scraping off the visualizing material present on the belt surface and the fiber or powder different from the visualizing material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to an embodiment includes an image carrier which is irradiated with a laser beam to form an electrostatic latent image, and a charging device which is disposed in parallel to the image carrier and includes an electrode that charges an electric charge to the image carrier. The charging device has a cleaning device which includes a container accommodating a cleaning member abutting an end portion of a discharge side of the electrode, moves the container along the longitudinal direction of the electrode, removes foreign matter attached to the electrode by the cleaning member, and accommodates the foreign matter in the container.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes a foreign-matter removing roller arranged in a post-process of a transfer device. The foreign-mater removing roller includes a rotatable metal shaft and a cylindrical conductive first sponge attached to the outer circumference of the metal shaft. The foreign-matter removing roller is attached a fixed distance apart from the surface of an image carrier and electrostatically attracts foreign matters adhering to the image carrier. A cleaning member scrapes off the foreign matters attracted by the foreign-matter removing roller.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for cleaning including, scraping off, agitating, or capturing, in non-contact with a belt surface, a visualizing material present on the belt surface and fiber or powder different from the visualizing material, coming into contact with the belt surface and scraping off, agitating, or capturing the visualizing material present on the belt surface and the fiber or the powder different from the visualizing material, and being located in contact with the belt surface at predetermined pressure and scraping off the visualizing material present on the belt surface and the fiber or powder different from the visualizing material.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a cleaning mechanism including a scraping-off member or an agitating member configured to scrape off or agitate a visualizing material present on a surface of a photoconductive member and a fiber body or a power body different from the visualizing material, a collecting member configured to store the visualizing material and the fiber body or the powder body different from the visualizing material scraped off or agitated by the scraping-off member or the agitating member, and a removing member located along the surface of the photoconductive member and at a fixed interval to the surface of the photoconductive member in a range between the scraping-off member or the agitating member and the collecting member.

Abstract: Hollow spherical portions 3 and 4 respectively formed on both tubes 1 and 2 so provided as to face to each other are fitted to each other inside and outside and the faced tubes 1 and 2 are coupled so that they can mutually bend. Packings 5 and 5a in which a recessed portion is formed from the side in section are provided between the open ends 4a of the hollow spherical portions 3 and 4 fitted outside and the outside face of the hollow spherical portion 3 fitted inside. A lip portion 7 formed at least on one side of the recessed portion is joined to the open end face of the hollow spherical portion 4 fitted outside. And a holding member 9 provided to the open end face 4a of the hollow spherical portion 4 fitted outside is joined to the packings 5 and 5a.

Abstract: This invention involves a MIG welding method for aluminum alloys to prevent the formation and deposition of black powder on or around the weldment's bead. By using pure aluminum wire or aluminum alloy wire containing less than 2.5 wt% the base of alloying components as the consumable electrode wire and using aluminum alloy wire as the filler wire 3, the consumable electrode wire 2 and the filler wire 3 are fed into the a metal bath under a certain weight ratio, so that the alloy composition of the molten metal bath is equivalent to that of the base of the black powder on the both sides of the weldment's bead can be is avoided.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a memory distributing unit arranged between a transfer unit and a developing unit which develops an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoconductive drum and cleans the drum surface. The distributing unit has a brush formed of bundles of electrically conductive fibers contacting the circumferential surface of the drum. A predetermined voltage is applied from a power source to the fiber bundles so that residual developing agents on the drum surface are attracted to the fiber bundles. The distributing unit includes a lining member which is formed of an insulating material and presses the brush against the drum surface to prevent the attracted developing agent from scattering from the fiber bundles.