Abstract: A process for refining coal-derived heavy carbonaceous materials such as pitch to remove quinline insolubles therefrom is disclosed. The process comprises providing a coal-derived heavy carbonaceous material from which all the components having normal boiling points of 270.degree. C. or below and all or part of the components having normal boiling points ranging from 270.degree. C. to 360.degree. C. have been removed; heating the heavy carbonaceous material to make it fluid; mixing the heated carbonaceous material with a ketone solvent having a boiling point below 200.degree. C. for a period sufficient to precipitate coarse insoluble particles in the mixture; separating the precipitated particles from the mixture; and removing the ketone solvent from the mixture, leaving a refined, coal-derived heavy carbonaceous material which is suitable for use in the production of high-grade carbon stocks such as needle coke, carbon fibers, high-purity carbon, etc., and for use as an impregnant or binder pitch.

Abstract: A molding process of a molding compound containing an ingredient such as a binder, e.g., pitch or a thermosetting resin which generate gas before being set, is disclosed, wherein the molding compound is heated and molded under pressure according to a special temperature pattern. First, the molding compound may be preheated substantially uniformly to a temperature at which the binder melts and generates reaction gas. Next, temperature gradient in the direction of thickness of the molding is created while raising the temperature of the molding to an upper limit temperature so that the setting of the molding progressively advances from the higher temperature to the lower temperature side of the molding.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of high-strength, high-density carbon materials is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of pulverizing a carbonaceous raw material having a carbon content of at least 92% by weight, a volatile content of 7-20% by weight up to 900.degree. C., and linear shrinkage as a molded body of at most 6% during heating up to 500.degree. C. to an average particle diameter of greater than 10 .mu.m and at most 40 .mu.m, followed by molding and baking. An organic fiber after baking in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of at least 400.degree. C. may be mixed with the pulverized carbonaceous raw material.

Abstract: A coal liquefaction process and apparatus therefor are disclosed. According to this invention, a finely divided coal and a solvent are contacted with molecular hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to provide a slurry, the slurry is separated into a gaseous component, a liquid component and a solid residue, the solid residue which is the liquefaction residue is then supplied to a molten metal bath together with oxygen gas to generate a gas entraining fine powdery solids, and the thus recovered fine powdery solids are returned to the liquefaction process as a catalyst.

Abstract: A coal-based heavy oil is refined so as to remove quinoline insolubles and provide a hydrocarbon product suitable for making carbon stocks by heating to remove the volatile components which have boiling points ranging from the initial boiling point of the heavy oil to up to at least 200.degree. C. and at most 270.degree. C., thereby leaving a residual coal-based heavy oil, the residual coal-based heavy oil is mixed with a ketone-type solvent having a boiling point less than 200.degree. C. to form an insoluble precipitate (including quinoline insolubles) and a supernatent, the supernatent is treated to recover the ketone-type solvent, and the remaining hydrocarbon mixture is easily processed by vacuum distillation to produce a hydrocarbon product suitable for making carbon stocks.

Abstract: A process of producing a solvent useful in coal liquefaction which includes separating the heavy liquid produced from the liquefaction of coal into a fraction boiling at 200.degree. to 210.degree. C., a fraction boiling at 211.degree. to 230.degree. C., and a fraction boiling at not less than 231.degree. subjecting the fraction boiling at 211.degree. to 230.degree. C. to a hydrogenation treatment to produce a hydrogenated fraction, mixing the hydrogenated fraction with the fraction boiling at 200.degree. to 210.degree. C. to form a resultant mixture, and mixing a portion of the resultant mixture with a portion of the fraction boiling at not less than 231.degree. C. Alternately, the solvent is produced from the heavy liquid by separating it into a fraction boiling at 200.degree. C. to 210.degree. C., a fraction boiling at 211.degree. C. to 230.degree. C., a fraction boiling at 231.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., a fraction boiling at 251.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. and a fraction boiling at not less than 351.

Abstract: A solvent useful in coal liquefaction is obtained by separating the heavy liquid resulting from coal liquefaction into a fraction boiling at temperatures of between 200.degree. to 210.degree. C., a fraction boiling at temperatures between 211.degree. to 250.degree. C., and a fraction boiling at not less than 250.degree. C., subjecting the fraction boiling at between 211.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. to two hydrogenation treatments, mixing the hydrogenated product with the fraction boiling at between 200.degree. to 210.degree. C. which optionally has been hydrogenated to form a resultant mixture and mixing a portion of the resultant mixture with the fraction boiling at not less than 250.degree. C. which has been optionally hydrogenated.

Abstract: An impregnated carbonaceous material which can be mixed with basic coal to form a mixture which, once roasted, forms an effective shaft furnace coke. The impregnated carbonaceous material is formed by finely crushing an inert carbonaceous material such as powdered coke, coal gasification char, coal liquifaction residue coal, oil coke, and semi-dry-distilled char, and mixing and impregnating the crushed carbonaceous material with an aromatic pitch such as coal tar, coal tar pitch, asphalt, and pitch obtained by heat-treating or solvent extracting an asphalt. The mixing is conducted at a temperature above the aromatic pitch melting point. The impregnated carbonaceous material contains preferably 50 to 95 parts by weight of crushed inert carbonaceous material and 5 to 50 parts by weight aromatic pitch.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing blast furnace coke wherein said coke is obtained by a process in which coal to be used for making briquettes is mixed with a caking substance having a softening point of 40.degree.-250.degree. C. with or without a solvent having fluidity at the mixing temperature and dissolvable to said caking substance, the resultant mixture being mixed by means of a powerful mixer capable of applying mixing energy of 0.01KW/Kg or more at a temperature of 40.degree.-250.degree. C. for 1-10 minutes, while a heating medium such as steam is passed therethrough and is then subjected to briquetting with a roll press. The briquette obtained is either carbonized directly or after blending with coal ready for coke oven charging.

Abstract: A process for preparing a briquette is disclosed. The process comprises a coal with a caking substance having a softening point of 20.degree.-40.degree. C. or with a caking substance having a softening point of above 40.degree. C. and a solvent which has fluidity at normal temperature and is compatible with the caking substance to a coal for making briquettes, powerfully mixing at a temperature of above 10.degree. C., preferably of 20.degree.-50.degree. C., for 1-10 minutes, by using a mixer provided with a mixing tool which is rotated at a speed of more than 5m/sec. peripheral velocity and/or a mixer provided with a mixing tool which applies a pressure of more than 45kg/cm.sup.2 ; and briquetting by using a roll press, whereby a briquette is obtained having a shutter strength of more than 80 and a trommel strength of more than 90.