Abstract: A vehicle network system employing a controller area network protocol includes a bus, a first electronic control unit, and a second electronic control unit. The first electronic control unit transmits, via the bus, at least one data frame including an identifier relating to data used for a calculation for obtaining a message authentication code indicating authenticity of transmission content. The second electronic control unit receives the at least one data frame transmitted vis the bus and verifies the message authentication code in accordance with the identifier included in the at least one data frame.

Abstract: An anomaly detection device (IDS ECU) includes a detection rule generator that monitors a communication establishment frame flowing over Ethernet in a communication establishment phase of service-oriented communication and that generates, for each communication ID, a detection rule including the communication ID written in the communication establishment frame and a server (or client) address written in the communication establishment frame; an anomaly detector that monitors a communication frame flowing over the Ethernet in a communication phase of the service-oriented communication and that, by referring to a detection rule that includes a communication ID written in the communication frame, detects the communication frame as an anomalous frame when a server (or client) address written in the communication frame differs from a server (or client) address included in the detection rule; and an anomaly notifier that provides a notification of an anomaly in response to the anomalous frame being detected.

Abstract: An anomaly detection server is provided. The anomaly detection server is a server for counteracting an anomalous frame transmitted on an on-board network of a single vehicle. The anomaly detection server acquires information about multiple frames received on one or multiple on-board networks of one or multiple vehicles, including the single vehicle. The anomaly detection server, acting as an assessment unit that, based on the information about the multiple frames and information about a frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle after the acquisition of the information about the multiple frames, assesses an anomaly level of the frame received on the on-board network of the single vehicle.

Abstract: An electronic control unit is connected to a network in an in-vehicle network system. The electronic control unit includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The first control circuit is connected to the network via the second control circuit. The second control circuit performs a first determination process on a frame to determine conformity of the frame with a first rule. Upon determining that the frame conforms to the first rule, the second control circuit transmits the frame to the first control circuit. The first control circuit performs a second determination process on the frame to determine conformity of the frame with a second rule. The second rule is different from the first rule.

Abstract: An operation motion is accurately determined in an operational information management system. The system includes a motion verification portion that combines and verifies plurality of pieces of sensor information and recognizes a specific body motion, a signal determination portion that determines whether an operation content of an operator is correctly performed based on the body motion recognized by the motion verification portion, and a report portion that reports a determine result of the signal determination portion.

Abstract: A monitoring device includes three or more monitors each monitoring, as a monitoring target, at least one of software and a communication log. The three or more monitors include a first monitor operating with a first execution privilege, a second monitor operating with a second execution privilege having a reliability level lower than the first execution privilege, and a third monitor operating with a third execution privilege having a reliability level that is the same as the second execution privilege or that is lower than the second execution privilege. The first monitor monitors software of the second monitor, and at least one of the first monitor or the second monitor monitors software of the third monitor.

Abstract: An unauthorized frame detection device that can keep an unauthorized ECU from spoofing as a legitimate server or client while suppressing an overhead during communication is provided. The unauthorized frame detection device includes a plurality of communication ports corresponding to the respective of networks, a communication controller, and an unauthorized frame detector. The plurality of communication ports are each connected to a corresponding predetermined network among the plurality of networks and each transmit or receive a frame via the predetermined network. The unauthorized frame detector determines whether an identifier of a service, a type of the service, and port information that are each included in the frame match a permission rule set in advance and outputs a result of the determination.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive photographic containing a hydrophilic colloid layer containg dextran or a compound of the following formula and subbing layer containing metal oxide is disclosed. ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydroxy group, --OM group, an amino group, an acylamino group, an alkylsulfonylamino group, an arylsulfonylamino group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, a mercapto group or an alkylthio group, and M represents an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group and X represents two vinyl carbons substituted by R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and an atom group necessary for forming a 5-6 ring together with carbonyl carbon.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion is provided, wherein the silver halide emulsion contains silver halide grains having an average iodide content of less than 3 mol %, the silver halide grains comprising monodispersed core/shell type silver halide grains containing internally high iodide, the core/shell grains having two parallel twin planes and a substantially roundish hexahedral or tetradecahedral form.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing silver halide grains comprising {111} and {100} faces and having a silver iodide content of less than 2 mol %, wherein silver halide grains having 5 or more dislocations per grain account for not less than 50% of the total number of silver halide grains, the dislocations being located substantially on the {100} face.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is described which is to be processed by a scheme including at least the step of development with a color developer having a pH of at least 11 wherein said material contains a specific pyrazoloazole based magenta coupler and a compound that react with the oxidized product of a color developing agent and which substantially lacks the ability to impart an image density. The color photographic material is improved in granularity and color reproduction and yet permits efficient desilvering.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material having an excellent adhesion resistance and capable of preventing deterioration of quality of processed images is disclosed. The light-sensitive material having a support and provided thereon, the photographic component layers including each at least one red-sensitive layer comprising at least a masking cyan coupler, green-sensitive layer comprising at least a masking magenta coupler, and blue-sensitive layer, is characterized by that:A. an uppermost layer of said photographic component layers comprises an alkali-soluble matting agent,B. a total amount of coated silver is 15 to 45 mg/dm.sup.2.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The material has at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, said silver halide emulsion layer containing a coupler which forms a mobile dye by coupling reaction with the oxidized product of a color developing agent, and said silver halide emulsion layer having in association therewith a non-light sensitive layer containing substantially non-light sensitive fine silver halide grains.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having silver halide emulsion layers on a support, wherein at least one layer of said silver halide emulsion layers contains surface latent image type mono-dispersed silver halide grains, and 50% or more of the silver halide grains contained in said at least one silver halide emulsion layer are regular surface latent image type mono-dispersed silver halide grains of tetradecahedral crystals whose external surfaces have crystal faces with Miller indices (100) and (111), the area ratio of said (100) face and said (111) face satisfying the relation represented by the correlation formula (I) shown below:correlation formula (I): ##EQU1## wherein K is the ratio between the intensities of respective diffraction lines attributable to the (200) face and the (222) face measured in X-ray diffraction analysis as set forth in the following formula ##EQU2##

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing a silver halide photographic emulsion by use of an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution in a double-jet manner, characterized in that the method comprises the step of maintaining the ratio between the maximum and minimum solubility of the silver halide in a silver halide photographic emulsion at 3 or less after 1/10 of the total amount of the solution containing silver halide has been used.The method according to the present invention provides a monodispersed silver halide photographic emulsion which has a high sensitivity, i.e., which comprises silver halide having a relatively large crystal size.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer constituted of a plural number of layers which are substantially the same in color to which they are sensitive but different in sensitivity provided on a support, which comprises a layer having the highest sensitivity among the plural number of layers with different sensitivities which contains at least two kinds of substantially mono-dispersed silver halide grains with different average grain sizes.The light-sensitive silver halide photographic material according to this invention is high in sensitivity and excellent in graininess of dye image.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide emulsion is disclosed, which comprises cores composed of silver halide grains and shells covering the cores. The cores consist essentially of silver halide containing silver iodide, and the shells consist essentially of silver bromide, silver chloride or silver chlorobromide excluding silver iodide. The shells have a thickness of from 0.01 to 0.1.mu.. This light-sensitive silver halide emulsion has high sensitivity and superior covering power.