Abstract: A fuel separation method by which auxiliary fuel is separated from blended gasoline fuel for a flexible fuel vehicle capable of using ethanol-blended gasoline fuel, the method including the following steps (a) and (b): (a) a step in which, when the ethanol concentration is low, the blended gasoline fuel is separated by a polar separating membrane member at a relatively high separation temperature to obtain, at the permeation side of the membrane, a first auxiliary fuel enriched with the aromatic gasoline components and ethanol component, and (b) a step in which, when the ethanol concentration is high, the blended gasoline fuel is separated by a polar separating membrane member at a relatively low second separation temperature to obtain, at the permeation side of the membrane, a second auxiliary fuel enriched with the non-aromatic high-volatile gasoline components.

Abstract: A fuel separation method by which auxiliary fuel is separated from blended gasoline fuel for a flexible fuel vehicle capable of using ethanol-blended gasoline fuel, the method including the following steps (a) and (b): (a) a step in which, when the ethanol concentration is low, the blended gasoline fuel is separated by a polar separating membrane member at a relatively high separation temperature to obtain, at the permeation side of the membrane, a first auxiliary fuel enriched with the aromatic gasoline components and ethanol component, and (b) a step in which, when the ethanol concentration is high, the blended gasoline fuel is separated by a polar separating membrane member at a relatively low second separation temperature to obtain, at the permeation side of the membrane, a second auxiliary fuel enriched with the non-aromatic high-volatile gasoline components.

Abstract: A fuel management system mounted on a vehicle is operative to feed individually or a mixture of grades of relatively low, intermediate, and high autoignition temperature fuels to an associated internal combustion engine. The system includes an on board separation unit (OBS unit) for receiving and separating intermediate autoignition temperature (IAT) fuel into low and high autoignition temperature fuels, LAT and HAT, respectively. The production rate of the LAT and HAT fuels by the OBS unit is controlled to substantially match the consumption requirements of the engine at any given time for the LAT and HAT fuels.

Abstract: An exhaust path and a heated portion such as an air duct of an internal combustion engine are connected to each other by a heat pipe. A heat pipe working fluid (water) vaporized by the heat of the exhaust gas in a heat receiving portion of the heat pipe is condensed in a heat discharging portion of the heat pipe and heated in the heated portion by the heat of the exhaust gas. An outer cylinder is formed around the casing of the heat pipe, and the exhaust path and the heated portion are connected to each other through heat insulating members, while at the same time supporting the heat pipe body through heat insulating members.

Abstract: A press working apparatus is provided that can prevent interference between the die and the punch and thus obtain a good sheared surface of a product. One embodiment is a press working apparatus comprising a lower mold frame on which a die is mounted, a sheet material being laid on the die; an upper mold frame movable toward and away from the lower mold frame; and a punch mounted on the upper mold frame for carrying out a predetermined press working on the sheet material laid on the die when the upper mold frame approaches proximately to the lower mold frame. Either the die or the punch can be freely displaced in its horizontal plane, and the press working apparatus further comprises a positioning apparatus for setting the relative position of the die and the punch.

Abstract: Embodiment, punch working apparatus has a first mold frame on which a die is mounted, a second mold frame movable toward and away from the first mold frame and a punch mounted on the first mold frame for simultaneously performing both outer and inner circumferential punching works on a sheet material between the frames, the punch containing resulted scraps in a space defined therewithin. A sub-punch is also provided, and punches an aperture having a predetermined configuration at a position of the sheet material that ends up as part of the scrap formed by and contained within the punch.

Abstract: An exhaust path 3 and a heated portion 5 such as an air duct of an internal combustion engine are connected to each other by a heat pipe 1. A heat pipe working fluid (water) vaporized by the heat of the exhaust gas in a heat receiving portion 1c of the heat pipe 1 is condensed in a heat discharging portion 1d of the heat pipe 1 and heated in the heated portion by the heat of the exhaust gas. An outer cylinder 10 is formed around the casing la of the heat pipe 1, and the exhaust path 3 and the heated portion 5 are connected to each other through heat insulating members 13, 15, while at the same time supporting the heat pipe body through heat insulating members 11. By doing so, the structural strength can be maintained by the outer cylinder and no load is imposed on the heat pipe, so that the thickness of the casing can be reduced.

Abstract: A multi-fuel system includes a high vapor pressure fuel tank and a low vapor pressure fuel tank. The high vapor pressure fuel tank contains a fuel a saturated vapor pressure of which is high so that the concentration of fuel vapor in a vapor space of the tank in the normal temperature range becomes higher than an upper-limit of an ignitable concentration of vapor. The low vapor pressure fuel tank contains a fuel a saturated vapor pressure of which is low so that the concentration of a fuel vapor in vapor space of the tank in the normal temperature range becomes lower than the upper-limit of an ignitable concentration of vapor. The vapor space in the high vapor pressure fuel tank communicates with the vapor space in the low vapor pressure fuel tank through a communication pipe, and the vapor space in the low vapor pressure fuel tank is connected to canister 15 through a vapor pipe and a check valve.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine with a variable valve timing system is provided. While the piston descends just after the combustion in the cylinder, the intake valve is opened by the variable valve system for the intake valve such that the intake air is supplied into the cylinder from the engine intake system.

Abstract: An onboard fuel separation apparatus separates a material fuel (gasoline) into a high-octane fuel having a higher octane value than the material fuel and a low-octane fuel having a lower octane value than the material fuel using a separation membrane which selectively allows high-octane value components (such as aromatic components) permeate through the membrane. The apparatus increases the ratio of the amount of the high-octane value components permeating through the membrane to the amount of the high-octane value components contained in the material fuel by, (A) Controlling the temperature of the material fuel supplied to the membrane (B) Increasing partial pressure of the low-octane value components on the high-octane fuel side of the membrane and removing volatiles from the permeate, and (C) Bypassing volatiles in the material feed around the membrane.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.

Abstract: An onboard fuel separation apparatus separates a material fuel (gasoline) into a high-octane fuel having a higher octane value than the material fuel and a low-octane fuel having a lower octane value than the material fuel using a separation membrane which selectively allows high-octane value components (such as aromatic components) permeate through the membrane. The apparatus increases the ratio of the amount of the high-octane value components permeating through the membrane to the amount of the high-octane value components contained in the material fuel by, (A) Controlling the temperature of the material fuel supplied to the membrane (B) Increasing partial pressure of the low-octane value components on the high-octane fuel side of the membrane and removing volatiles from the permeate, and (C) Bypassing volatiles in the material feed around the membrane.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine with a variable valve timing system is provided. While the piston descends just after the combustion in the cylinder, the intake valve is opened by the variable valve system for the intake valve such that the intake air is supplied into the cylinder from the engine intake system.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which includes an internal combustion engine of a lean-burn type, an NOx catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine so as to remove nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas emitted from the engine, and a variable valve control system capable of changing at least one of the opening and closing timing and a lift of the intake valve and/or the exhaust valve for each cylinder of the engine. The variable valve control system is controlled so that the exhaust gas to which the NOx catalyst is exposed is controlled so as to be suitable for removing a selected gaseous component from the NOx catalyst when the selected gaseous component should be removed. A method of purifying an exhaust gas emitted from the above engine is also provided.

Abstract: A gasoline in a material fuel tank is separated into a high-RON fuel having a higher octane value than the material fuel and a low-RON fuel having a lower octane value than the material fuel, by a separator device equipped with a separation membrane. Using a fuel switching mechanism, one or both of the high-RON fuel and the low-RON fuel are supplied to the engine in accordance with the state of operation of the engine. As the octane value of a fuel can be changed in accordance with the engine operation state, the state of combustion in the engine improves, so that both an increase in engine output and an improvement in an exhaust property can be achieved.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which includes an internal combustion engine of a lean-burn type, an NOx catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine so as to remove nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas emitted from the engine, and a variable valve control system capable of changing the opening and closing timing and/or a lift of the intake valve and/or the exhaust valve for each cylinder of the engine. The variable valve control system is controlled so that the exhaust gas to which the NOx catalyst is exposed is controlled so as to be suitable for removing a selected gaseous component from the NOx catalyst when the selected gaseous component should be removed . A method of purifying an exhaust gas emitted from the above engine is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which includes an internal combustion engine of a lean-burn type, an NOx catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine so as to remove nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas emitted from the engine, and a variable valve control system capable of changing at least one of the opening and closing timing and a lift of the intake valve and/or the exhaust valve for each cylinder of the engine. The variable valve control system is controlled so that the exhaust gas to which the NOx catalyst is exposed is controlled so as to be suitable for removing a selected gaseous component from the NOx catalyst when the selected gaseous component should be removed. A method of purifying an exhaust gas emitted from the above engine is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.