Abstract: Provided is a joined body including a piezoelectric substrate and a polycrystalline spinel substrate provided on one main surface of the piezoelectric substrate, wherein the polycrystalline spinel substrate has a porosity of 0.005% or more and 0.6% or less.

Abstract: An ion removal apparatus according to this disclosure performs a desalination treatment on a liquid and includes: a first electrode guide having an inlet allowing the liquid to flow in, a first electrode holder holding a first electrode that adsorbs an ion in the liquid, and an inflow passage serving as a flow passage connecting the inlet and the first electrode holder to one another; and a second electrode guide having an outlet allowing the liquid to flow out, a second electrode holder allowing the liquid passing through the first electrode holder to flow in and holding a second electrode that adsorbs the ion in the liquid, and an outflow passage serving as a flow passage connecting the outlet and the second electrode holder to one another.

Abstract: A first laminated body is worked to form a second laminated body, the first laminated body being formed by laminating prepregs including reinforcing fibers and resin, the second laminated body including a flat portion and a wavy portion, the flat portion being located at at least one of side edge portions of the second laminated body, the wavy portion being located at a portion adjacent to the side edge portion and extending along a longitudinal direction. An intermediate product is formed from the second laminated body by a forming die such that the flat portion becomes a bent portion that is an inside portion whose circumferential length is shorter in a curved portion, and the wavy portion becomes a bent portion that is an outside portion whose circumferential length is longer in the curved portion.

Abstract: A water-using apparatus includes a water-feeding unit configured to feed water, a water-treating unit connected to the water-feeding unit by a pipe and being configured to perform a function in which ionic substances contained in water fed from the water-feeding unit are removed by an electrical deionization unit, a water-using unit connected to the water-treating unit by a pipe and configured to use water having flowed through the water-treating unit, a drainpipe through which water with increased concentration of ionic substances removed by the water-treating unit is drained, and a controller configured to control a passage for water fed from the water-feeding unit and to cause water with increased concentration of ionic substances to be drained through the drainpipe.

Abstract: An ion removal apparatus according to this disclosure performs a desalination treatment on a liquid and includes: a first electrode guide having an inlet allowing the liquid to flow in, a first electrode holder holding a first electrode that adsorbs an ion in the liquid, and an inflow passage serving as a flow passage connecting the inlet and the first electrode holder to one another; and a second electrode guide having an outlet allowing the liquid to flow out, a second electrode holder allowing the liquid passing through the first electrode holder to flow in and holding a second electrode that adsorbs the ion in the liquid, and an outflow passage serving as a flow passage connecting the outlet and the second electrode holder to one another.

Abstract: An aircraft structure (such as a T-shaped structure, a convex structure, a curved structure, or the like) includes: a laminated structure including composite-material layers that are laminated; and wherein the composite material aircraft structure is a three-dimensional structure that includes at least one of a standing structure, a convex structure, or a curved structure. The composite-material layers include at least a composite-material layer in which a reinforced fiber is a single continuous fiber, wherein the single continuous fiber includes a partial slit region. When a thickness of a flat-plate formed body including a same laminated structure as the aircraft structure but not including the three-dimensional structure, is defined as a reference thickness, the aircraft structure includes a thin plate region which has a thickness that is smaller than the reference thickness while maintaining the laminated structure.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment device configured to perform a deionization treatment for the water to be treated, and the water treatment device includes a pressing member, a treatment container configured to store the water to be treated, a first electrode and a second electrode accommodated in the treatment container, a separator arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a pair of collectors, which are accommodated in the treatment container, and are configured to apply a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode. The pressing member is configured to press the first electrode and the second electrode in the treatment container.

Abstract: A first laminated body is worked to form a second laminated body, the first laminated body being formed by laminating prepregs including reinforcing fibers and resin, the second laminated body including a flat portion and a wavy portion, the flat portion being located at at least one of side edge portions of the second laminated body, the wavy portion being located at a portion adjacent to the side edge portion and extending along a longitudinal direction. An intermediate product is formed from the second laminated body by a forming die such that the flat portion becomes a bent portion that is an inside portion whose circumferential length is shorter in a curved portion, and the wavy portion becomes a bent portion that is an outside portion whose circumferential length is longer in the curved portion.

Abstract: A composite-material aircraft structure includes: a laminated structure formed by laminating composite-material layers; and a curved structure having a circumferential length difference in a longitudinal direction. The laminated structure is maintained in the entire part including the curved structure. In each of the composite-material layers, the reinforced fiber is constituted by a single continuous fiber not including a joint portion and includes a partial slit portion and a notch portion that is the slit portion in an open state.

Abstract: An aircraft structure (such as a T-shaped structure, a convex structure, a curved structure, or the like) includes: a laminated structure including composite-material layers that are laminated; and wherein the composite material aircraft structure is a three-dimensional structure that includes at least one of a standing structure, a convex structure, or a curved structure. The composite-material layers include at least a composite-material layer in which a reinforced fiber is a single continuous fiber, wherein the single continuous fiber includes a partial slit region. When a thickness of a flat-plate formed body including a same laminated structure as the aircraft structure but not including the three-dimensional structure, is defined as a reference thickness, the aircraft structure includes a thin plate region which has a thickness that is smaller than the reference thickness while maintaining the laminated structure.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus includes: a first granular electrode member and a second granular electrode member stored in a water treatment unit and provided so as to be separated from each other; a power supply unit which applies voltage between the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member so that ions contained in treatment target water supplied from one side of the water treatment unit are adsorbed to the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member; and a washing water supply pump which causes washing water to flow from the other side of the water treatment unit to the one side of the water treatment unit, thereby washing the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member, wherein the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member each include a plurality of flowable granular electrode members.

Abstract: A water treatment device in which a treatment target water introduction portion is provided in an upper portion of a receptacle, and the water treatment device has a space in which conductive porous members are not disposed between the conductive porous members and the treatment target water introduction portion in the receptacle. When a backwashing fluid is introduced from a lower portion of the receptacle in a desorption, the conductive porous members flow and are agitated owing to the backwashing fluid, because of which a desorption of ions adsorbed to the conductive porous members is promoted. Grains of the agitated conductive porous members collide with other grains of the conductive porous members or with electrodes or a separator, whereby scale and a biofilm appearing on surfaces of the grains of the conductive porous members, the electrodes, or the separator can be removed, and desalination efficiency can be maintained.

Abstract: This water treatment device includes: electrode units for performing adsorption/desorption of the impurity; a treatment tank having the electrode units disposed in an inside of the treatment tank; an upstream part for guiding the water into the inside; a downstream part for guiding the water so as to be discharged, the water having been subjected to the adsorption/desorption performed by the electrode units; a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline being for guiding water having been guided by the downstream part, to the upstream part; and a switching unit for switching between, on the basis of at least one of a water quality of the water having been guided to the downstream part or an electric state of the treatment tank, guiding the water having been guided by the downstream part, so as to be discharged, and guiding the water to the circulation pipeline.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment device configured to perform a deionization treatment for the water to be treated, and the water treatment device includes a pressing member, a treatment container configured to store the water to be treated, a first electrode and a second electrode accommodated in the treatment container, a separator arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a pair of collectors, which are accommodated in the treatment container, and are configured to apply a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode. The pressing member is configured to press the first electrode and the second electrode in the treatment container.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus includes: a first granular electrode member and a second granular electrode member stored in a water treatment unit and provided so as to be separated from each other; a power supply unit which applies voltage between the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member so that ions contained in treatment target water supplied from one side of the water treatment unit are adsorbed to the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member; and a washing water supply pump which causes washing water to flow from the other side of the water treatment unit to the one side of the water treatment unit, thereby washing the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member, wherein the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member each include a plurality of flowable granular electrode members.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus includes: a first granular electrode member and a second granular electrode member stored in a water treatment unit and provided so as to be separated from each other; a power supply unit which applies voltage between the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member so that ions contained in treatment target water supplied from one side of the water treatment unit are adsorbed to the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member; and a washing water supply pump which causes washing water to flow from the other side of the water treatment unit to the one side of the water treatment unit, thereby washing the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member, wherein the first granular electrode member and the second granular electrode member each include a plurality of flowable granular electrode members.

Abstract: A bundle diameter calculation device calculates the number of electrical wires belonging to an electrical wire bundle constituting a part of a wire harness of which each of the plurality of electrical wires is connected via relay points with connectors, the device including: a storage unit which stores electrical wire-connector connection information in which each of the plurality of electrical wires and the connectors are associated with each other, and bundle connection information which shows a state of connection with the connectors and relay elements by the unit of the electrical wire bundle of the wire harness; and a processing unit which, when the wire harness is specified, checks the electrical wire-connector connection information and the bundle connection information against each other and calculates the bundle diameter of the electrical wire bundle.

Abstract: A safety analysis system for wiring, including: a storage unit that stores electric wire-terminal connector correlation information in which each of a plurality of electric wires and a pair of connectors are correlated with each other, terminal connector-function correlation information in which the pair of connectors located at terminals and a function of a device to which the connectors are connected are correlated with each other, and function determination information including a combination of a plurality of functions that are not allowed to be lost at the same time; and a processing unit that matches the electric wire-terminal connector correlation information and the terminal connector-function correlation information when the wire harness is identified, and generates electric wire-function correlation information in which each of the plurality of electric wires and the function of the device are correlated with each other.

Abstract: A method for determining a wiring risk is a method for determining a first risk that electric wires connected to a plurality of terminal devices are bundled into a single harness, and a second risk that harnesses fail at the same time, wherein the first risk is determined by identifying the number of connectors to which a target harness identified from the plurality of harnesses is indirectly connected, and the second risk is determined by matching location information of the target harness to an influenced area by a hazard source, and identifying whether the target harness passes through the influenced area.

Abstract: A water treatment device in which a treatment target water introduction portion is provided in an upper portion of a receptacle, and the water treatment device has a space in which conductive porous members are not disposed between the conductive porous members and the treatment target water introduction portion in the receptacle. When a backwashing fluid is introduced from a lower portion of the receptacle in a desorption, the conductive porous members flow and are agitated owing to the backwashing fluid, because of which a desorption of ions adsorbed to the conductive porous members is promoted. Grains of the agitated conductive porous members collide with other grains of the conductive porous members or with electrodes or a separator, whereby scale and a biofilm appearing on surfaces of the grains of the conductive porous members, the electrodes, or the separator can be removed, and desalination efficiency can be maintained.