Abstract: A hydrogel object includes a polymer and water, wherein the rate of mass loss is not greater than 20 percent by mass when the hydrogel object is left undone for one week at 25 degrees C. and relative humidity of 50 percent.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: Provided is an active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition containing a monomer (A) having a hydrogen-bonding capacity and a solvent (B) having a hydrogen-bonding capacity, wherein the active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition satisfies conditions below, <Conditions> a cured product obtained by irradiating the active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition with 500 mJ/cm2 of an active energy ray is a solid having a compressive stress of 2.0 kPa or greater when compressed by 1% at 25 degrees C., and the cured product has a water decaying property.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object includes imparting a first liquid having a first composition including a solvent and a curable material and a second liquid having a second composition to form a liquid film, curing the liquid film, and repeating the imparting and the curing to obtain the three-dimensional object, wherein the imparting position and the imparting amount of each of the first liquid and the second liquid are controlled in such a manner that the liquid film includes multiple areas where at least one of post-curing compression stress and post-curing modulus of elasticity is different.

Abstract: A hydrogel structure includes a hollow tubular structure having an inner diameter of 1.0 mm or less, wherein the hydrogel structure has a transmission of 80 percent or more in a visible light range.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object includes imparting a first liquid having a first composition including a solvent and a curable material and a second liquid having a second composition to form a liquid film, curing the liquid film, and repeating the imparting and the curing to obtain the three-dimensional object, wherein the imparting position and the imparting amount of each of the first liquid and the second liquid are controlled in such a manner that the liquid film includes multiple areas where at least one of post-curing compression stress and post-curing modulus of elasticity is different.

Abstract: A solid freeform fabrication object includes a hydrogel including a polymer, water, and a coloring material inclusion substance.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation method for forming a three-dimensional object by at least repeating: forming a powder material layer using a powder material for three-dimensional object formation containing a base material coated with an organic material; and hardening a predetermined region of the powder material layer by delivering a hardening liquid to the powder material layer formed in the formation of a powder material layer, where the hardening liquid contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material.

Abstract: A hydrogel liquid precursor includes an inorganic mineral and a monomer, wherein the inorganic mineral accounts for 15 percent by mass or more of the hydrogel liquid precursor, wherein the hydrogel liquid precursor has an initial viscosity of 20 mPa·s or less at 25 degrees C., and wherein the hydrogel liquid precursor has a ratio of a two-week viscosity to the initial viscosity of from 0.90 to 1.10, the two-week viscosity representing a viscosity of the hydrogel liquid precursor at 25 degrees C. after being left at 50 degrees C. for two weeks.

Abstract: Provided is a bolus formed of a hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel includes water, a polymer, and a mineral, and wherein the bolus is applied to a patient who receives a radiation therapy.

Abstract: An active energy ray liquid composition is provided. A cured product of the active energy ray curable liquid composition is a solid at 25° C. and a liquid at 60° C., and the solid exhibits a compression stress of 2.0 kPa or more when compressed 1%.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object producing method, including: a first step of forming a film by delivering a first liquid as a hydrogel precursor including at least a multifunctional monomer; and a second step of curing the film formed in the first step, wherein the first step and the second step are repeated a plurality of times.

Abstract: A disclosed three-dimensional modeling composition set includes a first composition, and a second composition, where at least one of a cured product of the first composition and a cured product of the second composition has water disintegratability, and when ST1 represents surface tension of the first composition and ST2 represents surface tension of the second composition, the following formula (1) is satisfied: IST1?ST2I?2 (1) where in the formula (1), the unit of the surface tension is mN/m. A method and an apparatus using the three-dimensional modeling composition set are also disclosed.

Abstract: A hydrogel object includes a polymer and water, wherein the rate of mass loss is not greater than 20 percent by mass when the hydrogel object is left undone for one week at 25 degrees C. and relative humidity of 50 percent.

Abstract: A hydrogel object includes a polymer and water, wherein the rate of mass loss is not greater than 20 percent by mass when the hydrogel object is left undone for one week at 25 degrees C. and relative humidity of 50 percent.

Abstract: A three-dimensional fabricating apparatus includes a forward layer fabricator, a backward layer fabricator, and a controller. The forward layer fabricator is configured to discharge a fabrication material in a forward path to form a forward fabrication layer. The backward layer fabricator is configured to discharge a fabrication material in a backward path to form a backward fabrication layer. The controller is configured to control the forward layer fabricator and the backward layer fabricator so that a total discharge amount of the fabrication material in the backward path is larger than a total discharge amount of the fabrication material in the forward path.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object. The liquid material is adapted to harden a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object containing an organic material. The liquid material contains a solvent and a cross-linking agent. A dynamic contact angle of the liquid material over a film made of the organic material is from 20° to 80°.

Abstract: Provided is an active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition containing a monomer (A) having a hydrogen-bonding capacity and a solvent (B) having a hydrogen-bonding capacity, wherein the active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition satisfies conditions below, <Conditions> a cured product obtained by irradiating the active-energy-ray-curable liquid composition with 500 mJ/cm2 of an active energy ray is a solid having a compressive stress of 2.0 kPa or greater when compressed by 1% at 25 degrees C., and the cured product has a water decaying property.

Abstract: A cleaner, such as provided in a particulate material production apparatus, for cleaning a droplet ejector, which includes nozzles to eject a particulate material composition liquid as droplets, and a nozzle plate bearing the nozzles. A substantially closed cleaning space is formed outside the nozzles and the nozzle plate, and a first cleaning liquid supplying device supplies a first cleaning liquid to the cleaning space so that the nozzles and the nozzle plate are contacted with the first cleaning liquid. In addition, a vibrator vibrates the first cleaning liquid when the nozzles and the nozzle plate are contacted with the first cleaning liquid to clean the nozzles and the nozzle plate.