Abstract: A tristimulus colorimeter for color displays is required to remove measurement errors caused by deviations of the spectral responsivities thereof from the color matching functions. The colorimeter is provided with a light receiving unit having spectral responsivities close to the color matching functions, a tristimulus values operation unit for performing operations to calculate tristimulus values, and a chromaticity operation unit for performing operations to calculate a chromaticity. The colorimeter is further provided with a spectral distribution storage unit for storing spectral distributions of representative colored lights, a mixing ratio operation unit for performing operations to calculate a mixing ratio of a mixed light including colored lights of red, green, and blue. The colorimeter is also provided with a spectral distribution operation unit and a corrected chromaticity operation unit.

Abstract: A method for producing an object includes the steps of directing a laser beam to pass near a multiaxis table, supplying material from a material supply device to pass through and be melted by the laser beam, conveying the molten material to a prescribed location on the multiaxis table by allowing it to fall under its own weight or conveying it with a carrier gas, three-dimensionally controlling the position and attitude of the multiaxis table by means of a controller, and progressively depositing the molten material at prescribed locations on the multiaxis table for producing an object of a prescribed shape.

Abstract: In a method for realizing a photometric standard of optical radiation based on an absolute responsivity for a photometric quantity, there are measured using a beam of light projected from a white light source through an optical filter for the spectral luminous efficacy correction onto a silicon photodiode, a surface reflectance of the silicon photodiode, a recombination loss in a rear region beyond a depletion layer thereof, and a recombination loss in the vicinity of a boundary region between an insulating layer and a silicon layer thereof, which are independent of the wavelength .lambda. of light. Thereafter, there is calculated an absolute responsivity [A/1m] for a photometric quantity [1m] of a photodetector composed of the silicon photodiode and the optical filter, from the measured surface reflectance of the silicon photodiode and the measured recombination losses thereof.

Abstract: In a first method for realizing a photometric standard based on a responsivity for a photometric quantity, there is measured an output current from a photodetector of a photometric standard photodetecting apparatus by projecting monochromatic lights having predetermined radiation illuminances at respective wavelengths within the visible region onto the photodetector, both through an optical filter for the spectral luminous efficacy and directly without the optical filter. A responsivity of the photometric standard photodetecting apparatus is calculated by measuring an apparent spectral transmittance of the optical filter from the measured output current.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring a single-wavelength irradiance employ (1) a reference photosensor unit combining a photodiode having an absolute response at a given wavelength calibrated by a self-calibration process and a precision aperture, (2) a single radiation source of the given wavelength combining a band-pass filter having a pass band only near the given wavelength and a radiation source for producing a line spectrum radiation of the given wavelength, and (3) a radiation illuminometer. The reference photosensor unit is arranged at a distance d from the single radiation source to measure the irradiance thereat, and then the radiation illuminometer is arranged at the position of the reference photosensor unit to calibrate an indicating scale of the radiation illuminometer with respect to the single radiation of the given wavelength in relation with the reference photosensor unit.

Abstract: A display panel includes a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive, patterned metallic oxide layer including terminals disposed thereon, an electroless plated metal layer on the terminals and an electroless plated solder layer on the metal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel comprising opposed substrates, electrodes on the inside opposed surfaces of said substrates and arranged opposite to each other to sandwich a display layer, a contact media for electrically connecting an electrode on one substrate with an electrode on the other substrate and disposed between said electrodes of said substrates, and a binder between said substrates and fixably engaging said contact media with said electrodes, the diameter of said contact media selected to be substantially the same as the thickness of a liquid crystal cell layer. The contact media comprises a non-conductive core electroless plated with a conducting metal.