Abstract: A carbon black having an average particle size of at most 13 nm, Dmod of at most 80 nm, a D½/Dmod ratio of at most 0.6 and at least pH 5.

Abstract: A carbon black aggregate having a surface hardness of at least 70 g and having a covering.

Abstract: A coke oven operation management system capable of accomplishing unified management of an operation from receiving of stock coal to production and shipment of coke through management and control processing using a computer. A head office and branch offices of a concern determine basic schedules for production and shipment of coke and receiving of stock coal based on sale and self-consumption depending on a user's demand for coke and incoming information on coal from a colliery for every month and notify a production adjustment and management section of a coke production factory of the basic schedules, request the section of shipment of coke based on the user's demand, and instruct the section to receive coal.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling drive or operation of a quenching car and/or a bucket car for a coke oven and a method therefor, capable of effectively accomplishing the automatic control of the operation of the quenching car/bucket car. A quenching car/bucket car is adapted to travel on a track due to traction by a wire rope through a winch structure, to thereby reduce the load of the quenching car/bucket car applied to the track surface to prevent positional variations on the track surface. This results in the relative positional relationship of the track surface to a quenching tower, a coke wharf/CDQ and the like being ensured.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling drive or operation of a quenching car and/or a bucket car for a coke oven and a method therefor, capable of effectively accomplishing the automatic control of the operation of the quenching car/bucket car. A quenching car/bucket car is adapted to travel on a track due to traction by a wire rope through a winch structure, to thereby reduce the load of the quenching car/bucket car applied to the track surface to prevent positional variations on the track surface. This results in the relative positional relationship of the track surface to a quenching tower, a coke wharf/CDQ and the like being ensured.

Abstract: A method fo controlling fuel for a coke oven by a programmed heating method in which the fuel supply rate is changed at least once during the coal carbonization process in the coke oven, wherein the improvement comprises conducting the substantial reduction of the fuel supply rate from a large flow rate at the initial stage of the carbonization to a small flow rate inclusive of a zero rate when the coal center temperature, i.e. the temperature at the center of the coal packed in the carbonization chamber, is within a range of from 350.degree. to 700.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of regulating fuel for a coke oven by a programmed heating method in which a change of the fuel supply rate contains at least one substantial reduction during the coal carbonization process in the coke oven, wherein the improvement comprises setting up a standard curve for the ethylene concentration or the tar concentration based on the operating conditions of the coke oven and the conditions of feed coal, measuring the ethylene concentration or the tar concentration in the coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber, and controlling the fuel supply rate so as to minimize the difference between the measured value and the standard value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for observing and/or repairing damages on a wall of a coke oven or combustion chamber is disclosed. The damages on the wall are detected by positioning a heat resisting lance which includes an optical system for observing an image on the wall and conduit having a nozzle for spraying repairing materials onto damaged areas on the wall in the inside of the coke oven and moving the lance horizontally and vertically within the coke oven along its wall while observing the image on the wall at an outside of the coke oven through the optical system. When the damages are detected, the damages are repaired by spraying the repairing material onto the damaged area on the wall from the nozzle.

Abstract: A device for detecting an end-shape of a steel tube which includes in combination: a plurality of detectors disposed around the circumference of a steel tube to be carried forward by a forwarding mechanism; and a detector position changing mechanism provided on each of the detectors to cause the same to move back and forth in the diametrical direction of the steel tube, the detector position changing mechanism being rotatable around the steel tube.

Abstract: In an array of coke ovens each including a plurality of combustion chambers having a plurality of flue nozzles, a measuring car equipped with a temperature measuring member runs above the array in a direction of the array or in a longitudinal direction of the combustion chambers so as to detect thermal radiations passing through the flue nozzles to measure combustion chamber temperature. The measured temperature is sent to a remote control room through antennae. Where a coal charging car of a Rahmen construction is used an antenna is also provided for the coal charging car so that even when the measuring car runs beneath the coal charging car, radio communication can be assured. The temperature of the combustion chambers can be readily and accurately measured by linearly running the measuring car whether combustion is effected in one or the other side of the combustion chambers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of preventing generation of smoke from a coke oven including a plurality of juxtaposed and alternately disposed combustion chambers and carbonization chambers so that the carbonization chambers are heated by heat generated in adjacent combustion chambers and exhaust gas is exhausted from the combustion chambers through a common smoke duct and a chimney, the exhaust gas is passed through a common exhaust gas duct including a dust collector for a predetermined interval after loading raw material coal into the carbonization chambers. At the end of this interval, the exhaust gas is again passed through the common smoke duct.